WEBVTT Kind: captions Language: en 00:00:01.160 --> 00:00:06.690 align:start position:0% [Music] 00:00:06.690 --> 00:00:06.700 align:start position:0% 00:00:06.700 --> 00:00:12.230 align:start position:0% [Music] 00:00:12.230 --> 00:00:12.240 align:start position:0% 00:00:12.240 --> 00:00:14.470 align:start position:0% hi<00:00:12.559> I'm<00:00:12.759> Amy<00:00:13.080> proall<00:00:13.599> I'm<00:00:13.719> the<00:00:13.920> president<00:00:14.280> and 00:00:14.470 --> 00:00:14.480 align:start position:0% hi I'm Amy proall I'm the president and 00:00:14.480 --> 00:00:16.109 align:start position:0% hi I'm Amy proall I'm the president and research<00:00:14.839> director<00:00:15.160> of<00:00:15.320> poly<00:00:15.599> bio<00:00:15.799> Research 00:00:16.109 --> 00:00:16.119 align:start position:0% research director of poly bio Research 00:00:16.119 --> 00:00:17.950 align:start position:0% research director of poly bio Research Foundation<00:00:16.680> and<00:00:16.800> today<00:00:17.039> I'm<00:00:17.240> truly<00:00:17.600> excited 00:00:17.950 --> 00:00:17.960 align:start position:0% Foundation and today I'm truly excited 00:00:17.960 --> 00:00:20.230 align:start position:0% Foundation and today I'm truly excited to<00:00:18.119> talk<00:00:18.279> to<00:00:18.400> you<00:00:18.720> about<00:00:19.160> viruses<00:00:19.680> and<00:00:19.880> chronic 00:00:20.230 --> 00:00:20.240 align:start position:0% to talk to you about viruses and chronic 00:00:20.240 --> 00:00:23.750 align:start position:0% to talk to you about viruses and chronic aging<00:00:20.880> building<00:00:21.320> a<00:00:21.519> research<00:00:22.359> community<00:00:23.359> so 00:00:23.750 --> 00:00:23.760 align:start position:0% aging building a research community so 00:00:23.760 --> 00:00:25.670 align:start position:0% aging building a research community so where<00:00:24.000> am<00:00:24.119> I<00:00:24.279> going<00:00:24.560> with<00:00:24.760> this<00:00:25.080> first<00:00:25.439> what<00:00:25.560> I 00:00:25.670 --> 00:00:25.680 align:start position:0% where am I going with this first what I 00:00:25.680 --> 00:00:28.910 align:start position:0% where am I going with this first what I want<00:00:25.800> to<00:00:26.000> talk<00:00:26.199> about<00:00:26.599> is<00:00:27.279> viruses<00:00:28.199> as<00:00:28.439> drivers 00:00:28.910 --> 00:00:28.920 align:start position:0% want to talk about is viruses as drivers 00:00:28.920 --> 00:00:31.749 align:start position:0% want to talk about is viruses as drivers of<00:00:29.119> Aging<00:00:29.519> processes<00:00:30.359> this<00:00:30.519> is<00:00:30.840> really<00:00:31.279> not 00:00:31.749 --> 00:00:31.759 align:start position:0% of Aging processes this is really not 00:00:31.759 --> 00:00:33.709 align:start position:0% of Aging processes this is really not discussed<00:00:32.239> and<00:00:32.360> as<00:00:32.559> understood<00:00:33.200> as<00:00:33.320> it<00:00:33.480> should 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position:0% to Chronic aging processes this is really<00:00:40.320> important<00:00:40.760> for<00:00:40.920> the<00:00:41.079> longevity 00:00:41.709 --> 00:00:41.719 align:start position:0% really important for the longevity 00:00:41.719 --> 00:00:43.630 align:start position:0% really important for the longevity community<00:00:42.320> and<00:00:42.480> for<00:00:42.760> people<00:00:43.039> who<00:00:43.200> are<00:00:43.440> just 00:00:43.630 --> 00:00:43.640 align:start position:0% community and for people who are just 00:00:43.640 --> 00:00:45.229 align:start position:0% community and for people who are just dealing<00:00:44.000> with<00:00:44.200> many<00:00:44.440> forms<00:00:44.760> of<00:00:44.879> chronic 00:00:45.229 --> 00:00:45.239 align:start position:0% dealing with many forms of chronic 00:00:45.239 --> 00:00:46.670 align:start position:0% dealing with many forms of chronic disease<00:00:45.680> if<00:00:45.800> we<00:00:46.280> understand<00:00:46.480> these 00:00:46.670 --> 00:00:46.680 align:start position:0% disease if we understand these 00:00:46.680 --> 00:00:48.790 align:start position:0% disease if we understand these interactions<00:00:47.680> we<00:00:47.800> can<00:00:47.960> better<00:00:48.239> figure<00:00:48.520> out 00:00:48.790 --> 00:00:48.800 align:start position:0% interactions we can better figure out 00:00:48.800 --> 00:00:50.830 align:start position:0% interactions we can better figure out how<00:00:48.960> to<00:00:49.239> combat<00:00:49.680> them<00:00:49.840> and<00:00:50.000> how<00:00:50.120> to<00:00:50.320> best<00:00:50.719> uh 00:00:50.830 --> 00:00:50.840 align:start position:0% how to combat them and how to best uh 00:00:50.840 --> 00:00:53.389 align:start position:0% how to combat them and how to best uh create<00:00:51.239> strategies<00:00:51.960> to<00:00:52.199> mitigate<00:00:52.920> uh<00:00:53.039> viral 00:00:53.389 --> 00:00:53.399 align:start position:0% create strategies to mitigate uh viral 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definitely<00:01:02.680> many<00:01:02.920> drivers<00:01:03.280> of 00:01:03.470 --> 00:01:03.480 align:start position:0% so there's definitely many drivers of 00:01:03.480 --> 00:01:05.270 align:start position:0% so there's definitely many drivers of human<00:01:03.719> aging<00:01:04.360> but<00:01:04.559> here<00:01:04.640> are<00:01:04.839> some<00:01:04.960> of<00:01:05.119> the 00:01:05.270 --> 00:01:05.280 align:start position:0% human aging but here are some of the 00:01:05.280 --> 00:01:07.070 align:start position:0% human aging but here are some of the three<00:01:05.519> main<00:01:05.840> factors<00:01:06.280> mitochondrial 00:01:07.070 --> 00:01:07.080 align:start position:0% three main factors mitochondrial 00:01:07.080 --> 00:01:08.710 align:start position:0% three main factors mitochondrial dysfunction<00:01:07.560> these<00:01:07.680> are<00:01:07.840> the<00:01:08.040> Just<00:01:08.240> Energy 00:01:08.710 --> 00:01:08.720 align:start position:0% dysfunction these are the Just Energy 00:01:08.720 --> 00:01:11.030 align:start position:0% dysfunction these are the Just Energy powerhouses<00:01:09.360> of<00:01:09.479> ourselves<00:01:10.400> and<00:01:10.520> they<00:01:10.680> become 00:01:11.030 --> 00:01:11.040 align:start position:0% powerhouses of ourselves and they become 00:01:11.040 --> 00:01:13.870 align:start position:0% powerhouses of ourselves and they become dysfunctional<00:01:11.759> as<00:01:11.920> we<00:01:12.080> age<00:01:12.880> often 00:01:13.870 --> 00:01:13.880 align:start position:0% dysfunctional as we age often 00:01:13.880 --> 00:01:16.230 align:start position:0% dysfunctional as we age often inflammaging<00:01:14.799> which<00:01:14.920> is<00:01:15.159> basically<00:01:15.680> just<00:01:16.040> the 00:01:16.230 --> 00:01:16.240 align:start position:0% inflammaging which is basically just the 00:01:16.240 --> 00:01:19.030 align:start position:0% inflammaging which is basically just the fact<00:01:16.479> that<00:01:16.720> over<00:01:17.080> time<00:01:17.680> as<00:01:17.840> people<00:01:18.080> get<00:01:18.280> older 00:01:19.030 --> 00:01:19.040 align:start position:0% fact that over time as people get older 00:01:19.040 --> 00:01:21.550 align:start position:0% fact that over time as people get older tend<00:01:19.280> to<00:01:19.479> have<00:01:19.840> more<00:01:20.280> chronic<00:01:20.680> inflammation 00:01:21.550 --> 00:01:21.560 align:start position:0% tend to have more chronic inflammation 00:01:21.560 --> 00:01:23.030 align:start position:0% tend to have more chronic inflammation more<00:01:21.840> immune<00:01:22.119> cells<00:01:22.400> that<00:01:22.520> are<00:01:22.680> just 00:01:23.030 --> 00:01:23.040 align:start position:0% more immune cells that are just 00:01:23.040 --> 00:01:25.149 align:start position:0% more immune cells that are just activated<00:01:23.520> in<00:01:23.680> an<00:01:23.799> unproductive<00:01:24.560> way<00:01:25.000> that's 00:01:25.149 --> 00:01:25.159 align:start position:0% activated in an unproductive way that's 00:01:25.159 --> 00:01:27.270 align:start position:0% activated in an unproductive way that's called<00:01:25.360> inflam<00:01:25.759> Aging<00:01:26.520> and<00:01:26.840> cognitive 00:01:27.270 --> 00:01:27.280 align:start position:0% called inflam Aging and cognitive 00:01:27.280 --> 00:01:29.030 align:start position:0% called inflam Aging and cognitive decline<00:01:27.759> obviously<00:01:28.280> people<00:01:28.520> who<00:01:28.680> are<00:01:28.840> getting 00:01:29.030 --> 00:01:29.040 align:start position:0% decline obviously people who are getting 00:01:29.040 --> 00:01:30.950 align:start position:0% decline obviously people who are getting older<00:01:29.320> and<00:01:29.479> aging<00:01:30.040> have<00:01:30.200> memory<00:01:30.600> problems 00:01:30.950 --> 00:01:30.960 align:start position:0% older and aging have memory problems 00:01:30.960 --> 00:01:33.270 align:start position:0% older and aging have memory problems they<00:01:31.040> have<00:01:31.320> brain<00:01:31.799> you<00:01:31.880> know<00:01:32.479> dementia<00:01:32.960> even 00:01:33.270 --> 00:01:33.280 align:start position:0% they have brain you know dementia even 00:01:33.280 --> 00:01:35.630 align:start position:0% they have brain you know dementia even post<00:01:33.560> Alzheimer's<00:01:34.200> type<00:01:34.479> phenomenon<00:01:35.000> even 00:01:35.630 --> 00:01:35.640 align:start position:0% post Alzheimer's type phenomenon even 00:01:35.640 --> 00:01:39.670 align:start position:0% post Alzheimer's type phenomenon even sometimes<00:01:37.000> so<00:01:38.000> one<00:01:38.200> thing<00:01:38.320> to<00:01:38.960> understand<00:01:39.479> is 00:01:39.670 --> 00:01:39.680 align:start position:0% sometimes so one thing to understand is 00:01:39.680 --> 00:01:42.310 align:start position:0% sometimes so one thing to understand is that<00:01:40.079> as<00:01:40.280> we<00:01:40.520> age<00:01:40.920> and<00:01:41.119> in<00:01:41.320> fact<00:01:41.720> as<00:01:41.880> we<00:01:42.040> are 00:01:42.310 --> 00:01:42.320 align:start position:0% that as we age and in fact as we are 00:01:42.320 --> 00:01:44.749 align:start position:0% that as we age and in fact as we are born<00:01:43.280> um<00:01:43.399> and<00:01:43.600> across<00:01:43.920> the<00:01:44.040> Scopes<00:01:44.439> of<00:01:44.560> Our 00:01:44.749 --> 00:01:44.759 align:start position:0% born um and across the Scopes of Our 00:01:44.759 --> 00:01:47.350 align:start position:0% born um and across the Scopes of Our Lives<00:01:45.280> we<00:01:45.600> inherit<00:01:46.360> um<00:01:46.560> viruses<00:01:47.000> from<00:01:47.159> our 00:01:47.350 --> 00:01:47.360 align:start position:0% Lives we inherit um viruses from our 00:01:47.360 --> 00:01:50.109 align:start position:0% Lives we inherit um viruses from our parents<00:01:47.799> chronic<00:01:48.159> viruses<00:01:49.000> sometimes<00:01:49.560> um 00:01:50.109 --> 00:01:50.119 align:start position:0% parents chronic viruses sometimes um 00:01:50.119 --> 00:01:52.670 align:start position:0% parents chronic viruses sometimes um they<00:01:50.439> passed<00:01:50.880> in<00:01:51.079> some<00:01:51.320> cases<00:01:51.600> in<00:01:51.759> the<00:01:51.880> womb 00:01:52.670 --> 00:01:52.680 align:start position:0% they passed in some cases in the womb 00:01:52.680 --> 00:01:54.350 align:start position:0% they passed in some cases in the womb plus<00:01:52.960> we<00:01:53.159> also<00:01:53.479> over<00:01:53.680> the<00:01:53.880> course<00:01:54.079> of<00:01:54.159> our 00:01:54.350 --> 00:01:54.360 align:start position:0% plus we also over the course of our 00:01:54.360 --> 00:01:56.350 align:start position:0% plus we also over the course of our lives<00:01:54.560> and<00:01:54.759> this<00:01:55.159> happens<00:01:55.520> with<00:01:55.799> exposures 00:01:56.350 --> 00:01:56.360 align:start position:0% lives and this happens with exposures 00:01:56.360 --> 00:01:58.510 align:start position:0% lives and this happens with exposures with<00:01:56.560> other<00:01:56.799> people<00:01:57.520> it<00:01:57.680> happens<00:01:58.000> from<00:01:58.320> our 00:01:58.510 --> 00:01:58.520 align:start position:0% with other people it happens from our 00:01:58.520 --> 00:02:00.469 align:start position:0% with other people it happens from our environment<00:01:59.159> and<00:01:59.479> sometimes<00:01:59.680> the<00:02:00.000> foods<00:02:00.320> and 00:02:00.469 --> 00:02:00.479 align:start position:0% environment and sometimes the foods and 00:02:00.479 --> 00:02:02.429 align:start position:0% environment and sometimes the foods and other<00:02:00.680> things<00:02:00.880> that<00:02:01.039> we<00:02:01.200> consume<00:02:02.159> we 00:02:02.429 --> 00:02:02.439 align:start position:0% other things that we consume we 00:02:02.439 --> 00:02:04.350 align:start position:0% other things that we consume we accumulate<00:02:03.320> different<00:02:03.640> viruses<00:02:04.039> and<00:02:04.200> they 00:02:04.350 --> 00:02:04.360 align:start position:0% accumulate different viruses and they 00:02:04.360 --> 00:02:06.149 align:start position:0% accumulate different viruses and they become<00:02:04.840> part<00:02:05.000> of<00:02:05.200> what<00:02:05.320> is<00:02:05.479> known<00:02:05.719> as<00:02:05.880> our 00:02:06.149 --> 00:02:06.159 align:start position:0% become part of what is known as our 00:02:06.159 --> 00:02:08.830 align:start position:0% become part of what is known as our human<00:02:06.600> viral<00:02:07.280> the<00:02:07.439> viruses<00:02:08.000> in<00:02:08.160> us<00:02:08.520> and<00:02:08.679> there 00:02:08.830 --> 00:02:08.840 align:start position:0% human viral the viruses in us and there 00:02:08.840 --> 00:02:11.750 align:start position:0% human viral the viruses in us and there are<00:02:09.119> many<00:02:09.560> viruses<00:02:10.399> that<00:02:10.599> become<00:02:10.879> a<00:02:11.080> burden<00:02:11.560> in 00:02:11.750 --> 00:02:11.760 align:start position:0% are many viruses that become a burden in 00:02:11.760 --> 00:02:15.309 align:start position:0% are many viruses that become a burden in our<00:02:12.080> systems<00:02:12.840> as<00:02:13.200> we<00:02:13.920> just<00:02:14.239> live<00:02:15.040> these<00:02:15.200> are 00:02:15.309 --> 00:02:15.319 align:start position:0% our systems as we just live these are 00:02:15.319 --> 00:02:18.710 align:start position:0% our systems as we just live these are the<00:02:15.440> herpes<00:02:15.920> viruses<00:02:16.760> the<00:02:16.959> papiloma<00:02:17.720> viruses 00:02:18.710 --> 00:02:18.720 align:start position:0% the herpes viruses the papiloma viruses 00:02:18.720 --> 00:02:20.949 align:start position:0% the herpes viruses the papiloma viruses um<00:02:18.920> and<00:02:19.200> increasingly<00:02:20.200> a<00:02:20.319> growing<00:02:20.640> number<00:02:20.840> of 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align:start position:0% our life now what does this virum then 00:02:28.319 --> 00:02:30.949 align:start position:0% our life now what does this virum then do<00:02:28.640> to<00:02:28.840> aging<00:02:29.280> well<00:02:29.480> consider<00:02:29.959> are<00:02:30.200> just<00:02:30.680> some 00:02:30.949 --> 00:02:30.959 align:start position:0% do to aging well consider are just some 00:02:30.959 --> 00:02:33.390 align:start position:0% do to aging well consider are just some of<00:02:31.120> these<00:02:31.360> virum<00:02:31.879> components<00:02:32.840> this<00:02:33.000> is<00:02:33.280> you 00:02:33.390 --> 00:02:33.400 align:start position:0% of these virum components this is you 00:02:33.400 --> 00:02:35.630 align:start position:0% of these virum components this is you know<00:02:34.239> sometimes<00:02:34.599> when<00:02:34.760> people<00:02:34.959> are<00:02:35.319> let's<00:02:35.480> say 00:02:35.630 --> 00:02:35.640 align:start position:0% know sometimes when people are let's say 00:02:35.640 --> 00:02:38.589 align:start position:0% know sometimes when people are let's say in<00:02:35.800> college<00:02:36.160> they<00:02:36.319> gave<00:02:36.560> mono<00:02:37.560> and<00:02:38.040> people 00:02:38.589 --> 00:02:38.599 align:start position:0% in college they gave mono and people 00:02:38.599 --> 00:02:39.869 align:start position:0% in college they gave mono and people understand<00:02:38.800> that<00:02:38.959> people<00:02:39.200> get<00:02:39.360> sick<00:02:39.640> they<00:02:39.760> get 00:02:39.869 --> 00:02:39.879 align:start position:0% understand that people get sick they get 00:02:39.879 --> 00:02:42.149 align:start position:0% understand that people get sick they get a<00:02:39.959> sore<00:02:40.319> throat<00:02:41.000> they<00:02:41.120> don't<00:02:41.319> feel<00:02:41.680> well 00:02:42.149 --> 00:02:42.159 align:start position:0% a sore throat they don't feel well 00:02:42.159 --> 00:02:43.550 align:start position:0% a sore throat they don't feel well they're<00:02:42.360> feverish<00:02:42.840> they<00:02:42.959> try<00:02:43.120> to<00:02:43.239> avoid 00:02:43.550 --> 00:02:43.560 align:start position:0% they're feverish they try to avoid 00:02:43.560 --> 00:02:46.149 align:start position:0% they're feverish they try to avoid people<00:02:43.760> for<00:02:43.920> a<00:02:44.080> while<00:02:44.720> what<00:02:44.959> really<00:02:45.239> means<00:02:46.040> uh 00:02:46.149 --> 00:02:46.159 align:start position:0% people for a while what really means uh 00:02:46.159 --> 00:02:47.670 align:start position:0% people for a while what really means uh when<00:02:46.280> you<00:02:46.400> get<00:02:46.599> mono<00:02:47.000> is<00:02:47.120> that<00:02:47.239> you<00:02:47.360> get<00:02:47.519> the 00:02:47.670 --> 00:02:47.680 align:start position:0% when you get mono is that you get the 00:02:47.680 --> 00:02:50.110 align:start position:0% when you get mono is that you get the abstain<00:02:48.120> bar<00:02:48.360> virus<00:02:48.599> it's<00:02:48.680> a<00:02:48.800> herpes<00:02:49.280> virus 00:02:50.110 --> 00:02:50.120 align:start position:0% abstain bar virus it's a herpes virus 00:02:50.120 --> 00:02:53.110 align:start position:0% abstain bar virus it's a herpes virus and<00:02:50.599> that<00:02:50.840> virus<00:02:51.400> stays<00:02:51.879> with<00:02:52.080> you<00:02:52.400> again<00:02:53.000> this 00:02:53.110 --> 00:02:53.120 align:start position:0% and that virus stays with you again this 00:02:53.120 --> 00:02:55.670 align:start position:0% and that virus stays with you again this is<00:02:53.280> a<00:02:53.480> persistent<00:02:54.040> virus<00:02:54.480> once<00:02:54.720> you<00:02:55.000> have<00:02:55.159> it 00:02:55.670 --> 00:02:55.680 align:start position:0% is a persistent virus once you have it 00:02:55.680 --> 00:02:57.750 align:start position:0% is a persistent virus once you have it it<00:02:55.800> does<00:02:56.000> not<00:02:56.200> clear<00:02:56.519> your<00:02:56.760> system<00:02:57.200> it<00:02:57.360> stays 00:02:57.750 --> 00:02:57.760 align:start position:0% it does not clear your system it stays 00:02:57.760 --> 00:03:00.149 align:start position:0% it does not clear your system it stays with<00:02:57.920> you<00:02:58.080> for<00:02:58.280> the<00:02:58.480> rest<00:02:58.720> of<00:02:58.879> your<00:02:59.159> life<00:03:00.040> this 00:03:00.149 --> 00:03:00.159 align:start position:0% with you for the rest of your life this 00:03:00.159 --> 00:03:02.350 align:start position:0% with you for the rest of your life this is<00:03:00.319> the<00:03:00.519> thing<00:03:00.920> if<00:03:01.120> someone's<00:03:01.599> immune<00:03:02.000> system 00:03:02.350 --> 00:03:02.360 align:start position:0% is the thing if someone's immune system 00:03:02.360 --> 00:03:04.830 align:start position:0% is the thing if someone's immune system is<00:03:02.599> robust<00:03:03.480> if<00:03:03.640> it's<00:03:03.840> in<00:03:04.000> a<00:03:04.159> good<00:03:04.360> shape<00:03:04.720> if 00:03:04.830 --> 00:03:04.840 align:start position:0% is robust if it's in a good shape if 00:03:04.840 --> 00:03:07.430 align:start position:0% is robust if it's in a good shape if it's<00:03:05.159> active<00:03:06.159> what<00:03:06.319> the<00:03:06.440> immune<00:03:06.760> system<00:03:07.080> does 00:03:07.430 --> 00:03:07.440 align:start position:0% it's active what the immune system does 00:03:07.440 --> 00:03:09.270 align:start position:0% it's active what the immune system does technically<00:03:08.120> is<00:03:08.319> keep<00:03:08.680> these<00:03:08.879> chronic 00:03:09.270 --> 00:03:09.280 align:start position:0% technically is keep these chronic 00:03:09.280 --> 00:03:11.430 align:start position:0% technically is keep these chronic viruses<00:03:09.920> like<00:03:10.120> the<00:03:10.280> Epstein<00:03:10.799> bar<00:03:11.040> virus<00:03:11.319> if 00:03:11.430 --> 00:03:11.440 align:start position:0% viruses like the Epstein bar virus if 00:03:11.440 --> 00:03:14.430 align:start position:0% viruses like the Epstein bar virus if you<00:03:11.560> get<00:03:11.720> it<00:03:12.000> and<00:03:12.239> over<00:03:12.760> 90%<00:03:13.760> of<00:03:13.959> people<00:03:14.200> in<00:03:14.319> the 00:03:14.430 --> 00:03:14.440 align:start position:0% you get it and over 90% of people in the 00:03:14.440 --> 00:03:16.350 align:start position:0% you get it and over 90% of people in the world<00:03:14.760> by<00:03:14.879> the<00:03:14.959> way<00:03:15.120> Harbor<00:03:15.400> Epstein<00:03:15.799> bar 00:03:16.350 --> 00:03:16.360 align:start position:0% world by the way Harbor Epstein bar 00:03:16.360 --> 00:03:19.030 align:start position:0% world by the way Harbor Epstein bar virus<00:03:17.360> keeps<00:03:17.680> these<00:03:17.920> viruses<00:03:18.319> in<00:03:18.480> check<00:03:18.879> it 00:03:19.030 --> 00:03:19.040 align:start position:0% virus keeps these viruses in check it 00:03:19.040 --> 00:03:20.710 align:start position:0% virus keeps these viruses in check it keeps<00:03:19.239> them<00:03:19.400> in<00:03:19.480> a<00:03:19.640> dormant<00:03:20.040> form<00:03:20.319> the<00:03:20.440> immune 00:03:20.710 --> 00:03:20.720 align:start position:0% keeps them in a dormant form the immune 00:03:20.720 --> 00:03:22.990 align:start position:0% keeps them in a dormant form the immune system<00:03:20.959> keeps<00:03:21.159> them<00:03:21.280> in<00:03:21.400> a<00:03:21.519> latent<00:03:21.959> form<00:03:22.760> and 00:03:22.990 --> 00:03:23.000 align:start position:0% system keeps them in a latent form and 00:03:23.000 --> 00:03:24.589 align:start position:0% system keeps them in a latent form and that<00:03:23.120> way<00:03:23.319> they<00:03:23.480> technically<00:03:24.040> cannot 00:03:24.589 --> 00:03:24.599 align:start position:0% that way they technically cannot 00:03:24.599 --> 00:03:26.789 align:start position:0% that way they technically cannot activate<00:03:25.200> and<00:03:25.400> create<00:03:25.680> more<00:03:26.040> proteins<00:03:26.519> or 00:03:26.789 --> 00:03:26.799 align:start position:0% activate and create more proteins or 00:03:26.799 --> 00:03:28.830 align:start position:0% activate and create more proteins or things<00:03:27.080> that<00:03:27.239> can<00:03:27.519> actually<00:03:27.920> drive<00:03:28.439> disease 00:03:28.830 --> 00:03:28.840 align:start position:0% things that can actually drive disease 00:03:28.840 --> 00:03:30.910 align:start position:0% things that can actually drive disease or<00:03:29.080> potentially<00:03:29.439> aging 00:03:30.910 --> 00:03:30.920 align:start position:0% or potentially aging 00:03:30.920 --> 00:03:32.789 align:start position:0% or potentially aging processes 00:03:32.789 --> 00:03:32.799 align:start position:0% processes 00:03:32.799 --> 00:03:36.830 align:start position:0% processes now<00:03:33.799> however<00:03:34.640> if<00:03:34.840> viruses<00:03:35.480> do<00:03:35.760> become<00:03:36.239> active 00:03:36.830 --> 00:03:36.840 align:start position:0% now however if viruses do become active 00:03:36.840 --> 00:03:38.910 align:start position:0% now however if viruses do become active if<00:03:37.040> they<00:03:37.159> are<00:03:37.480> moving<00:03:38.159> out<00:03:38.360> of<00:03:38.480> a<00:03:38.599> state<00:03:38.799> of 00:03:38.910 --> 00:03:38.920 align:start position:0% if they are moving out of a state of 00:03:38.920 --> 00:03:40.589 align:start position:0% if they are moving out of a state of dormy<00:03:39.480> because<00:03:39.760> something<00:03:40.040> happens<00:03:40.360> to<00:03:40.480> the 00:03:40.589 --> 00:03:40.599 align:start position:0% dormy because something happens to the 00:03:40.599 --> 00:03:41.949 align:start position:0% dormy because something happens to the immune<00:03:40.840> system<00:03:41.120> and<00:03:41.239> this<00:03:41.400> could<00:03:41.519> be<00:03:41.720> many 00:03:41.949 --> 00:03:41.959 align:start position:0% immune system and this could be many 00:03:41.959 --> 00:03:43.589 align:start position:0% immune system and this could be many things<00:03:42.200> it<00:03:42.319> could<00:03:42.439> be<00:03:42.599> another<00:03:42.920> infection<00:03:43.480> it 00:03:43.589 --> 00:03:43.599 align:start position:0% things it could be another infection it 00:03:43.599 --> 00:03:45.750 align:start position:0% things it could be another infection it could<00:03:43.760> be<00:03:44.000> just<00:03:44.280> exposure<00:03:44.760> to<00:03:44.920> pollutants<00:03:45.439> to 00:03:45.750 --> 00:03:45.760 align:start position:0% could be just exposure to pollutants to 00:03:45.760 --> 00:03:47.670 align:start position:0% could be just exposure to pollutants to chemicals<00:03:46.239> to<00:03:46.519> many<00:03:46.879> things<00:03:47.080> that<00:03:47.239> wear<00:03:47.519> down 00:03:47.670 --> 00:03:47.680 align:start position:0% chemicals to many things that wear down 00:03:47.680 --> 00:03:50.149 align:start position:0% chemicals to many things that wear down our<00:03:47.879> immune<00:03:48.159> systems<00:03:48.519> over<00:03:48.799> time<00:03:49.560> viruses<00:03:50.000> can 00:03:50.149 --> 00:03:50.159 align:start position:0% our immune systems over time viruses can 00:03:50.159 --> 00:03:51.990 align:start position:0% our immune systems over time viruses can become<00:03:50.439> more<00:03:50.760> active<00:03:51.200> and<00:03:51.360> one<00:03:51.480> of<00:03:51.640> the<00:03:51.799> things 00:03:51.990 --> 00:03:52.000 align:start position:0% become more active and one of the things 00:03:52.000 --> 00:03:53.869 align:start position:0% become more active and one of the things that<00:03:52.200> viruses<00:03:52.599> do<00:03:52.760> when<00:03:52.920> they<00:03:53.120> activate<00:03:53.599> is 00:03:53.869 --> 00:03:53.879 align:start position:0% that viruses do when they activate is 00:03:53.879 --> 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and<00:04:03.159> aging<00:04:03.959> is<00:04:04.120> that<00:04:04.439> viruses<00:04:04.920> are 00:04:05.190 --> 00:04:05.200 align:start position:0% health and aging is that viruses are 00:04:05.200 --> 00:04:07.429 align:start position:0% health and aging is that viruses are actually<00:04:05.799> obligate<00:04:06.480> intracellular 00:04:07.429 --> 00:04:07.439 align:start position:0% actually obligate intracellular 00:04:07.439 --> 00:04:09.910 align:start position:0% actually obligate intracellular pathogens<00:04:08.120> and<00:04:08.319> what<00:04:08.560> that<00:04:08.720> means<00:04:09.120> is<00:04:09.360> by 00:04:09.910 --> 00:04:09.920 align:start position:0% pathogens and what that means is by 00:04:09.920 --> 00:04:12.710 align:start position:0% pathogens and what that means is by definition<00:04:10.920> they<00:04:11.040> are<00:04:11.239> not<00:04:11.480> even<00:04:11.760> alive<00:04:12.400> they 00:04:12.710 --> 00:04:12.720 align:start position:0% definition they are not even alive they 00:04:12.720 --> 00:04:14.910 align:start position:0% definition they are not even alive they must<00:04:13.319> in<00:04:13.439> order<00:04:13.720> to<00:04:13.959> replicate<00:04:14.480> and<00:04:14.640> create 00:04:14.910 --> 00:04:14.920 align:start position:0% must in order to replicate and create 00:04:14.920 --> 00:04:17.390 align:start position:0% must in order to replicate and create new<00:04:15.120> versions<00:04:15.439> of<00:04:15.599> their<00:04:15.840> cell<00:04:16.680> they<00:04:17.000> must 00:04:17.390 --> 00:04:17.400 align:start position:0% new versions of their cell they must 00:04:17.400 --> 00:04:20.349 align:start position:0% new versions of their cell they must pull<00:04:18.079> the<00:04:18.280> substrates<00:04:18.959> the<00:04:19.160> backbones<00:04:19.919> to<00:04:20.120> do 00:04:20.349 --> 00:04:20.359 align:start position:0% pull the substrates the backbones to do 00:04:20.359 --> 00:04:22.430 align:start position:0% pull the substrates the backbones to do that<00:04:20.560> to<00:04:20.799> create<00:04:21.239> new<00:04:21.600> versions<00:04:22.040> of 00:04:22.430 --> 00:04:22.440 align:start position:0% that to create new versions of 00:04:22.440 --> 00:04:26.590 align:start position:0% that to create new versions of themselves<00:04:23.320> from<00:04:23.800> our<00:04:24.120> human<00:04:24.479> cells<00:04:25.320> from<00:04:26.000> our 00:04:26.590 --> 00:04:26.600 align:start position:0% themselves from our human cells from our 00:04:26.600 --> 00:04:29.230 align:start position:0% themselves from our human cells from our mitochondria<00:04:27.600> so<00:04:27.960> they<00:04:28.160> do<00:04:28.440> this<00:04:28.840> every 00:04:29.230 --> 00:04:29.240 align:start position:0% mitochondria so they do this every 00:04:29.240 --> 00:04:32.629 align:start position:0% mitochondria so they do this every single<00:04:29.880> virus<00:04:30.720> hijacks<00:04:31.400> our<00:04:31.680> mitochondria<00:04:32.520> in 00:04:32.629 --> 00:04:32.639 align:start position:0% single virus hijacks our mitochondria in 00:04:32.639 --> 00:04:34.430 align:start position:0% single virus hijacks our mitochondria in order<00:04:32.880> to<00:04:33.039> create<00:04:33.360> new<00:04:33.560> versions<00:04:33.919> of<00:04:34.080> itself 00:04:34.430 --> 00:04:34.440 align:start position:0% order to create new versions of itself 00:04:34.440 --> 00:04:36.909 align:start position:0% order to create new versions of itself and<00:04:34.560> do<00:04:34.800> basically<00:04:35.240> anything<00:04:35.680> that<00:04:35.800> it<00:04:36.039> does 00:04:36.909 --> 00:04:36.919 align:start position:0% and do basically anything that it does 00:04:36.919 --> 00:04:38.990 align:start position:0% and do basically anything that it does this<00:04:37.039> is<00:04:37.199> a<00:04:37.360> paper<00:04:37.720> that<00:04:37.880> I<00:04:38.039> wrote<00:04:38.479> about<00:04:38.800> this 00:04:38.990 --> 00:04:39.000 align:start position:0% this is a paper that I wrote about this 00:04:39.000 --> 00:04:40.710 align:start position:0% this is a paper that I wrote about this phenomenon<00:04:39.639> with<00:04:39.840> my<00:04:40.199> colleague 00:04:40.710 --> 00:04:40.720 align:start position:0% phenomenon with my colleague 00:04:40.720 --> 00:04:43.870 align:start position:0% phenomenon with my colleague neuroscientist<00:04:41.560> at<00:04:41.720> Poly<00:04:42.039> bio<00:04:43.000> Mike<00:04:43.199> Van<00:04:43.400> oer 00:04:43.870 --> 00:04:43.880 align:start position:0% neuroscientist at Poly bio Mike Van oer 00:04:43.880 --> 00:04:46.189 align:start position:0% neuroscientist at Poly bio Mike Van oer who<00:04:44.039> also<00:04:44.400> is<00:04:44.520> a<00:04:44.639> neuroscientist<00:04:45.199> at<00:04:45.320> Harvard 00:04:46.189 --> 00:04:46.199 align:start position:0% who also is a neuroscientist at Harvard 00:04:46.199 --> 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they<00:04:55.280> in 00:04:55.430 --> 00:04:55.440 align:start position:0% mitochondria of the host cells they in 00:04:55.440 --> 00:04:57.749 align:start position:0% mitochondria of the host cells they in fact<00:04:55.600> to<00:04:55.800> just<00:04:55.960> gain<00:04:56.240> those<00:04:56.680> basic<00:04:57.120> substrates 00:04:57.749 --> 00:04:57.759 align:start position:0% fact to just gain those basic substrates 00:04:57.759 --> 00:05:00.110 align:start position:0% fact to just gain those basic substrates again<00:04:58.000> to<00:04:58.199> just<00:04:58.400> create<00:04:58.840> new<00:04:59.199> versions<00:04:59.759> of 00:05:00.110 --> 00:05:00.120 align:start position:0% again to just create new versions of 00:05:00.120 --> 00:05:03.310 align:start position:0% again to just create new versions of themselves<00:05:00.479> this<00:05:00.600> is<00:05:00.880> core<00:05:01.320> to<00:05:01.600> what<00:05:01.759> they<00:05:02.320> do 00:05:03.310 --> 00:05:03.320 align:start position:0% themselves this is core to what they do 00:05:03.320 --> 00:05:05.790 align:start position:0% themselves this is core to what they do this<00:05:03.440> is<00:05:03.639> a<00:05:03.800> diagram<00:05:04.199> from<00:05:04.320> our<00:05:04.479> paper<00:05:05.400> this<00:05:05.560> is 00:05:05.790 --> 00:05:05.800 align:start position:0% this is a diagram from our paper this is 00:05:05.800 --> 00:05:07.590 align:start position:0% this is a diagram from our paper this is basically<00:05:06.160> a<00:05:06.320> human<00:05:06.639> mitochondria<00:05:07.360> in<00:05:07.479> the 00:05:07.590 --> 00:05:07.600 align:start position:0% basically a human mitochondria in the 00:05:07.600 --> 00:05:10.029 align:start position:0% basically a human mitochondria in the diagram<00:05:08.320> at<00:05:08.479> the<00:05:08.639> intermediate<00:05:09.320> of<00:05:09.520> that 00:05:10.029 --> 00:05:10.039 align:start position:0% diagram at the intermediate of that 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substrates for our own energy<00:05:16.440> metabolism<00:05:17.080> so<00:05:17.199> that<00:05:17.320> we<00:05:17.440> can 00:05:17.590 --> 00:05:17.600 align:start position:0% energy metabolism so that we can 00:05:17.600 --> 00:05:20.150 align:start position:0% energy metabolism so that we can function<00:05:18.080> burn<00:05:18.400> glucose<00:05:19.319> you<00:05:19.440> know<00:05:19.759> burn 00:05:20.150 --> 00:05:20.160 align:start position:0% function burn glucose you know burn 00:05:20.160 --> 00:05:22.309 align:start position:0% function burn glucose you know burn other<00:05:20.400> fuels<00:05:20.880> that<00:05:21.039> allow<00:05:21.360> our<00:05:21.600> mitochondria 00:05:22.309 --> 00:05:22.319 align:start position:0% other fuels that allow our mitochondria 00:05:22.319 --> 00:05:25.110 align:start position:0% other fuels that allow our mitochondria to<00:05:22.520> make<00:05:22.840> us<00:05:23.199> a<00:05:23.560> energy<00:05:23.960> producers<00:05:24.479> in<00:05:24.560> a<00:05:24.800> in<00:05:24.880> a 00:05:25.110 --> 00:05:25.120 align:start position:0% to make us a energy producers in a in a 00:05:25.120 --> 00:05:27.309 align:start position:0% to make us a energy producers in a in a good<00:05:25.360> way<00:05:26.080> the<00:05:26.240> blue<00:05:26.520> boxes<00:05:26.960> contain 00:05:27.309 --> 00:05:27.319 align:start position:0% good way the blue boxes contain 00:05:27.319 --> 00:05:29.150 align:start position:0% good way the blue boxes contain different<00:05:27.600> human<00:05:27.919> viruses<00:05:28.400> that<00:05:28.520> are<00:05:28.759> part<00:05:29.000> or 00:05:29.150 --> 00:05:29.160 align:start position:0% different human viruses that are part or 00:05:29.160 --> 00:05:30.710 align:start position:0% different human viruses that are part or can<00:05:29.319> be<00:05:29.440> part<00:05:29.680> part<00:05:29.800> of<00:05:29.880> the<00:05:29.960> human<00:05:30.240> virum 00:05:30.710 --> 00:05:30.720 align:start position:0% can be part part of the human virum 00:05:30.720 --> 00:05:32.990 align:start position:0% can be part part of the human virum persistent<00:05:31.280> chronic<00:05:31.639> viruses<00:05:32.520> and<00:05:32.680> those<00:05:32.800> are 00:05:32.990 --> 00:05:33.000 align:start position:0% persistent chronic viruses and those are 00:05:33.000 --> 00:05:35.150 align:start position:0% persistent chronic viruses and those are just<00:05:33.160> the<00:05:33.479> different<00:05:34.000> parts<00:05:34.360> of<00:05:34.560> metabolic 00:05:35.150 --> 00:05:35.160 align:start position:0% just the different parts of metabolic 00:05:35.160 --> 00:05:37.309 align:start position:0% just the different parts of metabolic pathways<00:05:35.560> that<00:05:35.720> they<00:05:35.919> hack<00:05:36.120> or<00:05:36.360> hijack<00:05:37.120> as 00:05:37.309 --> 00:05:37.319 align:start position:0% pathways that they hack or hijack as 00:05:37.319 --> 00:05:39.189 align:start position:0% pathways that they hack or hijack as part<00:05:37.479> of<00:05:37.680> their<00:05:37.919> ability<00:05:38.280> to<00:05:38.520> just<00:05:38.759> create<00:05:39.039> new 00:05:39.189 --> 00:05:39.199 align:start position:0% part of their ability to just create new 00:05:39.199 --> 00:05:42.110 align:start position:0% part of their ability to just create new versions<00:05:39.520> of<00:05:39.800> themselves<00:05:40.039> or<00:05:40.720> replicate<00:05:41.720> okay 00:05:42.110 --> 00:05:42.120 align:start position:0% versions of themselves or replicate okay 00:05:42.120 --> 00:05:44.189 align:start position:0% versions of themselves or replicate okay so<00:05:42.479> I<00:05:42.600> mentioned<00:05:43.000> before<00:05:43.280> that<00:05:43.440> inflammaging 00:05:44.189 --> 00:05:44.199 align:start position:0% so I mentioned before that inflammaging 00:05:44.199 --> 00:05:46.110 align:start position:0% so I mentioned before that inflammaging just<00:05:44.479> chronic<00:05:44.960> inflammation<00:05:45.720> often 00:05:46.110 --> 00:05:46.120 align:start position:0% just chronic inflammation often 00:05:46.120 --> 00:05:48.590 align:start position:0% just chronic inflammation often accelerating<00:05:46.680> over<00:05:46.960> time<00:05:47.160> is<00:05:47.440> also<00:05:48.160> strongly 00:05:48.590 --> 00:05:48.600 align:start position:0% accelerating over time is also strongly 00:05:48.600 --> 00:05:51.230 align:start position:0% accelerating over time is also strongly associated<00:05:49.280> with<00:05:49.440> human<00:05:49.759> aging<00:05:50.759> and<00:05:50.919> issues 00:05:51.230 --> 00:05:51.240 align:start position:0% associated with human aging and issues 00:05:51.240 --> 00:05:54.390 align:start position:0% associated with human aging and issues with<00:05:51.479> longevity<00:05:52.479> for<00:05:52.639> example<00:05:52.960> in<00:05:53.120> this<00:05:53.280> paper 00:05:54.390 --> 00:05:54.400 align:start position:0% with longevity for example in this paper 00:05:54.400 --> 00:05:57.629 align:start position:0% with longevity for example in this paper now<00:05:55.400> what<00:05:56.000> inflammation<00:05:56.759> often<00:05:57.039> results<00:05:57.440> from 00:05:57.629 --> 00:05:57.639 align:start position:0% now what inflammation often results from 00:05:57.639 --> 00:05:59.270 align:start position:0% now what inflammation often results from is<00:05:57.800> the<00:05:58.039> activation<00:05:58.520> of<00:05:58.639> immune<00:05:58.919> cells 00:05:59.270 --> 00:05:59.280 align:start position:0% is the activation of immune cells 00:05:59.280 --> 00:06:03.309 align:start position:0% is the activation of immune cells including<00:06:00.000> cyto<00:06:01.000> which<00:06:01.240> become<00:06:02.120> active<00:06:02.720> and 00:06:03.309 --> 00:06:03.319 align:start position:0% including cyto which become active and 00:06:03.319 --> 00:06:05.070 align:start position:0% including cyto which become active and question<00:06:03.840> one<00:06:03.960> of<00:06:04.080> the<00:06:04.160> questions<00:06:04.440> is<00:06:04.759> why<00:06:04.960> but 00:06:05.070 --> 00:06:05.080 align:start position:0% question one of the questions is why but 00:06:05.080 --> 00:06:07.189 align:start position:0% question one of the questions is why but we<00:06:05.199> certainly<00:06:05.560> know<00:06:05.800> that<00:06:06.080> especially<00:06:06.680> cyto 00:06:07.189 --> 00:06:07.199 align:start position:0% we certainly know that especially cyto 00:06:07.199 --> 00:06:10.629 align:start position:0% we certainly know that especially cyto amans<00:06:07.599> cells<00:06:08.199> become<00:06:08.639> active<00:06:09.039> now<00:06:09.280> I<00:06:09.759> 11<00:06:10.319> is<00:06:10.440> an 00:06:10.629 --> 00:06:10.639 align:start position:0% amans cells become active now I 11 is an 00:06:10.639 --> 00:06:12.350 align:start position:0% amans cells become active now I 11 is an example<00:06:10.960> of<00:06:11.080> a<00:06:11.240> cyto<00:06:11.919> so<00:06:12.080> it's<00:06:12.199> an 00:06:12.350 --> 00:06:12.360 align:start position:0% example of a cyto so it's an 00:06:12.360 --> 00:06:14.070 align:start position:0% example of a cyto so it's an inflammatory<00:06:13.000> molecule<00:06:13.360> in<00:06:13.440> the<00:06:13.520> human<00:06:13.800> body 00:06:14.070 --> 00:06:14.080 align:start position:0% inflammatory molecule in the human body 00:06:14.080 --> 00:06:16.189 align:start position:0% inflammatory molecule in the human body that<00:06:14.160> can<00:06:14.360> become<00:06:14.639> more<00:06:14.960> active<00:06:15.639> When<00:06:15.880> Things 00:06:16.189 --> 00:06:16.199 align:start position:0% that can become more active When Things 00:06:16.199 --> 00:06:19.469 align:start position:0% that can become more active When Things become<00:06:16.720> inflamed<00:06:17.720> now<00:06:18.479> this<00:06:18.639> doesn't<00:06:19.240> make 00:06:19.469 --> 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molecule<00:06:25.240> the<00:06:25.400> cyto<00:06:26.400> uh<00:06:26.639> I<00:06:26.960> 11<00:06:27.960> extended<00:06:28.479> Mamon 00:06:28.990 --> 00:06:29.000 align:start position:0% molecule the cyto uh I 11 extended Mamon 00:06:29.000 --> 00:06:30.990 align:start position:0% molecule the cyto uh I 11 extended Mamon Health<00:06:29.240> span<00:06:29.639> lifespan<00:06:30.280> suggesting<00:06:30.759> that 00:06:30.990 --> 00:06:31.000 align:start position:0% Health span lifespan suggesting that 00:06:31.000 --> 00:06:33.029 align:start position:0% Health span lifespan suggesting that inhibition<00:06:31.520> of<00:06:31.680> some<00:06:31.880> forms<00:06:32.160> of<00:06:32.319> inflammation 00:06:33.029 --> 00:06:33.039 align:start position:0% inhibition of some forms of inflammation 00:06:33.039 --> 00:06:36.790 align:start position:0% inhibition of some forms of inflammation is<00:06:33.199> helpful<00:06:33.759> for<00:06:34.120> in<00:06:34.280> that<00:06:34.599> regard<00:06:35.599> now<00:06:36.479> what 00:06:36.790 --> 00:06:36.800 align:start position:0% is helpful for in that regard now what 00:06:36.800 --> 00:06:39.990 align:start position:0% is helpful for in that regard now what though<00:06:37.199> in<00:06:37.360> the<00:06:37.680> first<00:06:38.080> place<00:06:38.599> was<00:06:39.000> causing 00:06:39.990 --> 00:06:40.000 align:start position:0% though in the first place was causing 00:06:40.000 --> 00:06:43.550 align:start position:0% though in the first place was causing that<00:06:40.199> cygine<00:06:41.039> I<00:06:41.400> 11<00:06:41.759> or<00:06:41.919> interlan<00:06:42.520> 11<00:06:43.000> to<00:06:43.160> be 00:06:43.550 --> 00:06:43.560 align:start position:0% that cygine I 11 or interlan 11 to be 00:06:43.560 --> 00:06:45.110 align:start position:0% that cygine I 11 or interlan 11 to be active<00:06:43.919> to<00:06:44.039> be<00:06:44.160> more<00:06:44.400> active<00:06:44.639> than<00:06:44.759> it<00:06:44.880> should 00:06:45.110 --> 00:06:45.120 align:start position:0% active to be more active than it should 00:06:45.120 --> 00:06:47.550 align:start position:0% active to be more active than it should be<00:06:45.680> well<00:06:45.880> one<00:06:46.000> of<00:06:46.199> the<00:06:46.479> biggest<00:06:46.919> driving 00:06:47.550 --> 00:06:47.560 align:start position:0% be well one of the biggest driving 00:06:47.560 --> 00:06:50.029 align:start position:0% be well one of the biggest driving factors<00:06:48.160> again<00:06:48.520> that<00:06:48.800> so<00:06:49.080> many<00:06:49.440> viruses<00:06:49.880> and 00:06:50.029 --> 00:06:50.039 align:start position:0% factors again that so many viruses and 00:06:50.039 --> 00:06:52.350 align:start position:0% factors again that so many viruses and other<00:06:50.319> bacteria<00:06:50.800> or<00:06:51.039> pathogens<00:06:51.479> or<00:06:51.759> parasites 00:06:52.350 --> 00:06:52.360 align:start position:0% other bacteria or pathogens or parasites 00:06:52.360 --> 00:06:55.589 align:start position:0% other bacteria or pathogens or parasites do<00:06:53.080> is<00:06:53.319> they<00:06:53.759> activate<00:06:54.319> immune<00:06:54.680> cells<00:06:55.120> as<00:06:55.360> part 00:06:55.589 --> 00:06:55.599 align:start position:0% do is they activate immune cells as part 00:06:55.599 --> 00:06:57.309 align:start position:0% do is they activate immune cells as part of<00:06:55.759> their<00:06:56.080> persistence<00:06:56.680> what<00:06:56.800> happens<00:06:57.080> is<00:06:57.199> the 00:06:57.309 --> 00:06:57.319 align:start position:0% of their persistence what happens is the 00:06:57.319 --> 00:06:59.830 align:start position:0% of their persistence what happens is the immune<00:06:57.560> system<00:06:57.879> recognizes<00:06:58.560> them<00:06:59.080> tries<00:06:59.680> to 00:06:59.830 --> 00:06:59.840 align:start position:0% immune system recognizes them tries to 00:06:59.840 --> 00:07:01.629 align:start position:0% immune system recognizes them tries to Target<00:07:00.240> them<00:07:00.440> or<00:07:00.560> to<00:07:00.720> keep<00:07:00.919> them<00:07:01.039> in<00:07:01.199> check<00:07:01.520> and 00:07:01.629 --> 00:07:01.639 align:start position:0% Target them or to keep them in check and 00:07:01.639 --> 00:07:04.309 align:start position:0% Target them or to keep them in check and in<00:07:01.800> the<00:07:02.039> process<00:07:02.960> becomes<00:07:03.360> more<00:07:03.680> active 00:07:04.309 --> 00:07:04.319 align:start position:0% in the process becomes more active 00:07:04.319 --> 00:07:06.230 align:start position:0% in the process becomes more active perpetually<00:07:04.879> more<00:07:05.160> perpetually<00:07:05.720> active<00:07:06.039> so 00:07:06.230 --> 00:07:06.240 align:start position:0% perpetually more perpetually active so 00:07:06.240 --> 00:07:09.270 align:start position:0% perpetually more perpetually active so here<00:07:06.400> is<00:07:06.520> a<00:07:06.680> study<00:07:06.960> showing<00:07:07.319> that<00:07:07.560> that<00:07:08.280> cyto 00:07:09.270 --> 00:07:09.280 align:start position:0% here is a study showing that that cyto 00:07:09.280 --> 00:07:12.110 align:start position:0% here is a study showing that that cyto um<00:07:09.520> il1<00:07:10.319> or<00:07:10.440> Incan<00:07:11.000> 11<00:07:11.599> is<00:07:11.800> actually 00:07:12.110 --> 00:07:12.120 align:start position:0% um il1 or Incan 11 is actually 00:07:12.120 --> 00:07:14.469 align:start position:0% um il1 or Incan 11 is actually stimulated<00:07:12.840> both<00:07:13.199> in<00:07:13.479> animals<00:07:14.039> and<00:07:14.199> in<00:07:14.319> the 00:07:14.469 --> 00:07:14.479 align:start position:0% stimulated both in animals and in the 00:07:14.479 --> 00:07:17.550 align:start position:0% stimulated both in animals and in the lab<00:07:15.319> by<00:07:16.039> viruses<00:07:16.599> including<00:07:17.039> respiratory 00:07:17.550 --> 00:07:17.560 align:start position:0% lab by viruses including respiratory 00:07:17.560 --> 00:07:19.230 align:start position:0% lab by viruses including respiratory viruses<00:07:17.960> so<00:07:18.120> these<00:07:18.240> are<00:07:18.599> drivers<00:07:19.080> of 00:07:19.230 --> 00:07:19.240 align:start position:0% viruses so these are drivers of 00:07:19.240 --> 00:07:21.150 align:start position:0% viruses so these are drivers of inflammaging<00:07:19.960> most<00:07:20.319> pathogens<00:07:20.800> can<00:07:20.919> be 00:07:21.150 --> 00:07:21.160 align:start position:0% inflammaging most pathogens can be 00:07:21.160 --> 00:07:23.189 align:start position:0% inflammaging most pathogens can be direct<00:07:21.639> drivers<00:07:22.080> of 00:07:23.189 --> 00:07:23.199 align:start position:0% direct drivers of 00:07:23.199 --> 00:07:26.550 align:start position:0% direct drivers of inflammaging<00:07:24.360> okay<00:07:25.360> now<00:07:25.759> we<00:07:25.960> just<00:07:26.199> have<00:07:26.400> the 00:07:26.550 --> 00:07:26.560 align:start position:0% inflammaging okay now we just have the 00:07:26.560 --> 00:07:29.070 align:start position:0% inflammaging okay now we just have the ability<00:07:27.039> the<00:07:27.280> viruses<00:07:28.160> and<00:07:28.440> bacteria<00:07:28.879> but<00:07:29.000> I'm 00:07:29.070 --> 00:07:29.080 align:start position:0% ability the viruses and bacteria but I'm 00:07:29.080 --> 00:07:30.430 align:start position:0% ability the viruses and bacteria but I'm going<00:07:29.160> to<00:07:29.240> focus<00:07:29.440> on<00:07:29.520> and<00:07:29.680> viruses<00:07:30.039> here<00:07:30.240> can 00:07:30.430 --> 00:07:30.440 align:start position:0% going to focus on and viruses here can 00:07:30.440 --> 00:07:32.670 align:start position:0% going to focus on and viruses here can basically<00:07:30.879> just<00:07:31.280> hack<00:07:31.720> the<00:07:31.960> signaling 00:07:32.670 --> 00:07:32.680 align:start position:0% basically just hack the signaling 00:07:32.680 --> 00:07:34.350 align:start position:0% basically just hack the signaling Pathways<00:07:33.120> that<00:07:33.240> are<00:07:33.599> the<00:07:33.759> heart<00:07:34.000> of<00:07:34.160> our 00:07:34.350 --> 00:07:34.360 align:start position:0% Pathways that are the heart of our 00:07:34.360 --> 00:07:36.670 align:start position:0% Pathways that are the heart of our longevity<00:07:35.039> health<00:07:35.319> networks<00:07:35.879> for<00:07:36.039> example 00:07:36.670 --> 00:07:36.680 align:start position:0% longevity health networks for example 00:07:36.680 --> 00:07:38.309 align:start position:0% longevity health networks for example there<00:07:36.800> are<00:07:37.080> Pathways<00:07:37.560> in<00:07:37.639> the<00:07:37.759> human<00:07:38.039> body 00:07:38.309 --> 00:07:38.319 align:start position:0% there are Pathways in the human body 00:07:38.319 --> 00:07:40.189 align:start position:0% there are Pathways in the human body that<00:07:38.479> control<00:07:38.960> processes<00:07:39.520> associated<00:07:40.039> with 00:07:40.189 --> 00:07:40.199 align:start position:0% that control processes associated with 00:07:40.199 --> 00:07:42.110 align:start position:0% that control processes associated with cellular<00:07:40.680> inessence<00:07:41.400> for<00:07:41.560> example<00:07:41.919> that's 00:07:42.110 --> 00:07:42.120 align:start position:0% cellular inessence for example that's 00:07:42.120 --> 00:07:44.110 align:start position:0% cellular inessence for example that's the<00:07:42.240> ability<00:07:42.560> of<00:07:42.639> a<00:07:42.800> cell<00:07:43.400> to<00:07:43.639> correctly 00:07:44.110 --> 00:07:44.120 align:start position:0% the ability of a cell to correctly 00:07:44.120 --> 00:07:46.909 align:start position:0% the ability of a cell to correctly divide<00:07:44.520> to<00:07:44.680> correctly<00:07:45.199> grow<00:07:45.919> not<00:07:46.199> overdo<00:07:46.720> that 00:07:46.909 --> 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scientists<00:07:53.120> have<00:07:53.319> calculated<00:07:54.319> as 00:07:54.589 --> 00:07:54.599 align:start position:0% body that scientists have calculated as 00:07:54.599 --> 00:07:56.510 align:start position:0% body that scientists have calculated as mattering<00:07:55.039> in<00:07:55.159> terms<00:07:55.400> of<00:07:55.639> human<00:07:55.960> signaling 00:07:56.510 --> 00:07:56.520 align:start position:0% mattering in terms of human signaling 00:07:56.520 --> 00:07:59.230 align:start position:0% mattering in terms of human signaling associated<00:07:57.080> with<00:07:57.599> longevity<00:07:58.599> well<00:07:58.840> this<00:07:59.000> team 00:07:59.230 --> 00:07:59.240 align:start position:0% associated with longevity well this team 00:07:59.240 --> 00:08:01.270 align:start position:0% associated with longevity well this team did<00:07:59.639> network-based<00:08:00.240> analysis<00:08:01.039> and<00:08:01.159> they 00:08:01.270 --> 00:08:01.280 align:start position:0% did network-based analysis and they 00:08:01.280 --> 00:08:04.270 align:start position:0% did network-based analysis and they uncovered<00:08:02.000> dozens<00:08:02.440> of<00:08:02.759> viruses<00:08:03.479> that<00:08:03.639> encode 00:08:04.270 --> 00:08:04.280 align:start position:0% uncovered dozens of viruses that encode 00:08:04.280 --> 00:08:07.029 align:start position:0% uncovered dozens of viruses that encode proteins<00:08:05.199> experimentally<00:08:06.199> demonstrated<00:08:06.840> to 00:08:07.029 --> 00:08:07.039 align:start position:0% proteins experimentally demonstrated to 00:08:07.039 --> 00:08:09.469 align:start position:0% proteins experimentally demonstrated to interact<00:08:07.560> with<00:08:07.759> proteins<00:08:08.759> associated<00:08:09.360> with 00:08:09.469 --> 00:08:09.479 align:start position:0% interact with proteins associated with 00:08:09.479 --> 00:08:11.469 align:start position:0% interact with proteins associated with these<00:08:09.680> human<00:08:09.919> aging<00:08:10.240> networks<00:08:11.080> including 00:08:11.469 --> 00:08:11.479 align:start position:0% these human aging networks including 00:08:11.479 --> 00:08:15.029 align:start position:0% these human aging networks including cence<00:08:12.479> so<00:08:12.840> so<00:08:13.120> just<00:08:13.479> dozens<00:08:13.919> of<00:08:14.120> viruses<00:08:14.800> and 00:08:15.029 --> 00:08:15.039 align:start position:0% cence so so just dozens of viruses and 00:08:15.039 --> 00:08:17.070 align:start position:0% cence so so just dozens of viruses and and<00:08:15.479> thousands<00:08:15.919> of<00:08:16.120> interactions<00:08:16.759> between 00:08:17.070 --> 00:08:17.080 align:start position:0% and thousands of interactions between 00:08:17.080 --> 00:08:20.149 align:start position:0% and thousands of interactions between these<00:08:17.319> viral<00:08:17.720> proteins<00:08:18.520> to<00:08:18.720> the<00:08:18.960> point<00:08:19.319> where 00:08:20.149 --> 00:08:20.159 align:start position:0% these viral proteins to the point where 00:08:20.159 --> 00:08:22.510 align:start position:0% these viral proteins to the point where they<00:08:20.319> ended<00:08:20.599> up<00:08:20.840> calling<00:08:21.599> dozens<00:08:21.960> of<00:08:22.159> viruses 00:08:22.510 --> 00:08:22.520 align:start position:0% they ended up calling dozens of viruses 00:08:22.520 --> 00:08:24.629 align:start position:0% they ended up calling dozens of viruses in<00:08:22.680> the<00:08:22.840> study<00:08:23.159> that<00:08:23.280> they<00:08:23.479> identified<00:08:24.159> age 00:08:24.629 --> 00:08:24.639 align:start position:0% in the study that they identified age 00:08:24.639 --> 00:08:26.909 align:start position:0% in the study that they identified age disorders<00:08:25.639> because<00:08:26.080> of<00:08:26.199> the<00:08:26.360> fact<00:08:26.560> that<00:08:26.720> their 00:08:26.909 --> 00:08:26.919 align:start position:0% disorders because of the fact that their 00:08:26.919 --> 00:08:28.830 align:start position:0% disorders because of the fact that their proteins<00:08:27.360> could<00:08:27.520> have<00:08:27.759> such<00:08:28.039> detrimental<00:08:28.639> or 00:08:28.830 --> 00:08:28.840 align:start position:0% proteins could have such detrimental or 00:08:28.840 --> 00:08:30.670 align:start position:0% proteins could have such detrimental or modulator<00:08:29.759> effects<00:08:30.000> on<00:08:30.159> these<00:08:30.319> aging 00:08:30.670 --> 00:08:30.680 align:start position:0% modulator effects on these aging 00:08:30.680 --> 00:08:32.310 align:start position:0% modulator effects on these aging networks<00:08:31.479> in<00:08:31.599> other<00:08:31.759> words<00:08:32.039> their 00:08:32.310 --> 00:08:32.320 align:start position:0% networks in other words their 00:08:32.320 --> 00:08:33.829 align:start position:0% networks in other words their reproduction<00:08:32.959> and<00:08:33.159> their<00:08:33.360> ability<00:08:33.680> to 00:08:33.829 --> 00:08:33.839 align:start position:0% reproduction and their ability to 00:08:33.839 --> 00:08:36.790 align:start position:0% reproduction and their ability to replicate<00:08:34.839> benefits<00:08:35.519> from<00:08:36.000> directly<00:08:36.560> from 00:08:36.790 --> 00:08:36.800 align:start position:0% replicate benefits from directly from 00:08:36.800 --> 00:08:38.430 align:start position:0% replicate benefits from directly from interference<00:08:37.360> with<00:08:37.519> their<00:08:37.680> host<00:08:38.000> aging 00:08:38.430 --> 00:08:38.440 align:start position:0% interference with their host aging 00:08:38.440 --> 00:08:40.389 align:start position:0% interference with their host aging processes<00:08:39.279> and<00:08:39.440> here<00:08:39.640> on<00:08:39.839> this<00:08:40.000> chart<00:08:40.240> are 00:08:40.389 --> 00:08:40.399 align:start position:0% processes and here on this chart are 00:08:40.399 --> 00:08:42.029 align:start position:0% processes and here on this chart are just<00:08:40.560> some<00:08:40.680> of<00:08:40.800> the<00:08:40.959> top<00:08:41.240> viruses<00:08:41.719> that<00:08:41.839> were 00:08:42.029 --> 00:08:42.039 align:start position:0% just some of the top viruses that were 00:08:42.039 --> 00:08:43.990 align:start position:0% just some of the top viruses that were basically<00:08:42.519> shown<00:08:43.039> to<00:08:43.240> have<00:08:43.440> proteins<00:08:43.839> that 00:08:43.990 --> 00:08:44.000 align:start position:0% basically shown to have proteins that 00:08:44.000 --> 00:08:46.269 align:start position:0% basically shown to have proteins that interfered<00:08:44.519> with<00:08:44.680> human<00:08:45.000> cellular<00:08:45.519> inessence 00:08:46.269 --> 00:08:46.279 align:start position:0% interfered with human cellular inessence 00:08:46.279 --> 00:08:48.470 align:start position:0% interfered with human cellular inessence Pathways<00:08:47.200> there<00:08:47.320> are<00:08:47.440> the<00:08:47.560> herpes<00:08:48.000> viruses 00:08:48.470 --> 00:08:48.480 align:start position:0% Pathways there are the herpes viruses 00:08:48.480 --> 00:08:50.190 align:start position:0% Pathways there are the herpes viruses which<00:08:48.760> most<00:08:49.000> of<00:08:49.160> us<00:08:49.399> acquire<00:08:49.720> over<00:08:49.920> the<00:08:50.000> course 00:08:50.190 --> 00:08:50.200 align:start position:0% which most of us acquire over the course 00:08:50.200 --> 00:08:52.310 align:start position:0% which most of us acquire over the course of<00:08:50.320> Our<00:08:50.480> Lives<00:08:50.760> the<00:08:50.880> papiloma<00:08:51.440> viruses 00:08:52.310 --> 00:08:52.320 align:start position:0% of Our Lives the papiloma viruses 00:08:52.320 --> 00:08:55.110 align:start position:0% of Our Lives the papiloma viruses interestingly<00:08:53.160> influenza<00:08:54.080> A<00:08:54.480> virus<00:08:54.800> was<00:08:55.000> one 00:08:55.110 --> 00:08:55.120 align:start position:0% interestingly influenza A virus was one 00:08:55.120 --> 00:08:57.509 align:start position:0% interestingly influenza A virus was one of<00:08:55.240> the<00:08:55.399> top<00:08:55.600> drivers<00:08:55.920> of<00:08:56.040> aging<00:08:56.760> and<00:08:56.920> we<00:08:57.160> never 00:08:57.509 --> 00:08:57.519 align:start position:0% of the top drivers of aging and we never 00:08:57.519 --> 00:08:59.550 align:start position:0% of the top drivers of aging and we never even<00:08:57.760> think<00:08:57.959> about<00:08:58.200> the<00:08:58.360> flu<00:08:58.839> type<00:08:59.040> viruses 00:08:59.550 --> 00:08:59.560 align:start position:0% even think about the flu type viruses 00:08:59.560 --> 00:09:02.630 align:start position:0% even think about the flu type viruses which<00:08:59.640> is<00:08:59.800> influenza<00:09:00.720> in<00:09:00.880> an<00:09:01.040> aging<00:09:01.640> capacity 00:09:02.630 --> 00:09:02.640 align:start position:0% which is influenza in an aging capacity 00:09:02.640 --> 00:09:04.550 align:start position:0% which is influenza in an aging capacity um<00:09:02.839> but<00:09:03.000> we<00:09:03.240> probably<00:09:03.640> should<00:09:04.000> a<00:09:04.120> little<00:09:04.360> bit 00:09:04.550 --> 00:09:04.560 align:start position:0% um but we probably should a little bit 00:09:04.560 --> 00:09:08.829 align:start position:0% um but we probably should a little bit more<00:09:05.519> so<00:09:06.519> with<00:09:06.680> that<00:09:06.839> in<00:09:06.959> mind 00:09:08.829 --> 00:09:08.839 align:start position:0% more so with that in mind 00:09:08.839 --> 00:09:11.030 align:start position:0% more so with that in mind then<00:09:09.839> this<00:09:09.959> is<00:09:10.079> a<00:09:10.240> final<00:09:10.519> takea<00:09:10.720> away<00:09:10.880> from 00:09:11.030 --> 00:09:11.040 align:start position:0% then this is a final takea away from 00:09:11.040 --> 00:09:12.509 align:start position:0% then this is a final takea away from that<00:09:11.240> paper<00:09:11.800> this<00:09:11.880> is<00:09:12.040> what<00:09:12.160> the<00:09:12.240> team 00:09:12.509 --> 00:09:12.519 align:start position:0% that paper this is what the team 00:09:12.519 --> 00:09:14.670 align:start position:0% that paper this is what the team concluded<00:09:13.279> owing<00:09:13.560> to<00:09:13.760> the<00:09:14.000> considerable 00:09:14.670 --> 00:09:14.680 align:start position:0% concluded owing to the considerable 00:09:14.680 --> 00:09:16.389 align:start position:0% concluded owing to the considerable number<00:09:14.959> of<00:09:15.120> human<00:09:15.480> viruses<00:09:16.200> this 00:09:16.389 --> 00:09:16.399 align:start position:0% number of human viruses this 00:09:16.399 --> 00:09:18.630 align:start position:0% number of human viruses this evolutionary<00:09:17.120> minded<00:09:17.440> view<00:09:17.720> encourages<00:09:18.279> a 00:09:18.630 --> 00:09:18.640 align:start position:0% evolutionary minded view encourages a 00:09:18.640 --> 00:09:20.470 align:start position:0% evolutionary minded view encourages a reconceptualization<00:09:19.640> of<00:09:19.760> the<00:09:19.880> Locust<00:09:20.240> of 00:09:20.470 --> 00:09:20.480 align:start position:0% reconceptualization of the Locust of 00:09:20.480 --> 00:09:23.269 align:start position:0% reconceptualization of the Locust of Aging<00:09:21.480> no<00:09:21.720> longer<00:09:22.160> exclusively<00:09:22.760> focused<00:09:23.160> on 00:09:23.269 --> 00:09:23.279 align:start position:0% Aging no longer exclusively focused on 00:09:23.279 --> 00:09:25.470 align:start position:0% Aging no longer exclusively focused on our<00:09:23.519> own<00:09:23.800> genetic<00:09:24.200> material<00:09:24.680> but<00:09:24.920> expanded 00:09:25.470 --> 00:09:25.480 align:start position:0% our own genetic material but expanded 00:09:25.480 --> 00:09:27.910 align:start position:0% our own genetic material but expanded towards<00:09:25.760> a<00:09:26.040> larger<00:09:26.519> set<00:09:26.720> of<00:09:26.920> genetic<00:09:27.360> entities 00:09:27.910 --> 00:09:27.920 align:start position:0% towards a larger set of genetic entities 00:09:27.920 --> 00:09:29.710 align:start position:0% towards a larger set of genetic entities interacting<00:09:28.480> with<00:09:28.600> our<00:09:28.839> species<00:09:29.399> such<00:09:29.560> as 00:09:29.710 --> 00:09:29.720 align:start position:0% interacting with our species such as 00:09:29.720 --> 00:09:33.430 align:start position:0% interacting with our species such as viruses<00:09:30.560> so<00:09:31.160> Boom<00:09:31.800> the<00:09:31.920> heart<00:09:32.079> of<00:09:32.279> Aging<00:09:33.279> all 00:09:33.430 --> 00:09:33.440 align:start position:0% viruses so Boom the heart of Aging all 00:09:33.440 --> 00:09:35.389 align:start position:0% viruses so Boom the heart of Aging all right<00:09:33.720> now<00:09:34.000> what<00:09:34.120> about<00:09:34.519> cognitive<00:09:34.959> decline 00:09:35.389 --> 00:09:35.399 align:start position:0% right now what about cognitive decline 00:09:35.399 --> 00:09:37.670 align:start position:0% right now what about cognitive decline what<00:09:35.519> about<00:09:35.760> just<00:09:36.120> direct<00:09:36.760> mechanisms<00:09:37.519> by 00:09:37.670 --> 00:09:37.680 align:start position:0% what about just direct mechanisms by 00:09:37.680 --> 00:09:39.350 align:start position:0% what about just direct mechanisms by which<00:09:37.880> viruses<00:09:38.240> or<00:09:38.440> other<00:09:38.680> pathogens<00:09:39.200> can 00:09:39.350 --> 00:09:39.360 align:start position:0% which viruses or other pathogens can 00:09:39.360 --> 00:09:42.389 align:start position:0% which viruses or other pathogens can drive<00:09:39.880> cognitive<00:09:40.360> decline<00:09:41.200> here<00:09:41.440> is<00:09:41.680> one<00:09:42.279> this 00:09:42.389 --> 00:09:42.399 align:start position:0% drive cognitive decline here is one this 00:09:42.399 --> 00:09:44.069 align:start position:0% drive cognitive decline here is one this is<00:09:42.519> the<00:09:42.680> team<00:09:42.959> that<00:09:43.079> we<00:09:43.200> work<00:09:43.440> with<00:09:43.600> at<00:09:43.760> Harvard 00:09:44.069 --> 00:09:44.079 align:start position:0% is the team that we work with at Harvard 00:09:44.079 --> 00:09:46.150 align:start position:0% is the team that we work with at Harvard Medical<00:09:44.399> School<00:09:44.800> they're<00:09:45.040> really<00:09:45.399> cool 00:09:46.150 --> 00:09:46.160 align:start position:0% Medical School they're really cool 00:09:46.160 --> 00:09:48.190 align:start position:0% Medical School they're really cool they've<00:09:46.399> been<00:09:46.600> using<00:09:47.079> models<00:09:47.519> of<00:09:47.640> a<00:09:47.800> brain<00:09:48.040> in 00:09:48.190 --> 00:09:48.200 align:start position:0% they've been using models of a brain in 00:09:48.200 --> 00:09:50.190 align:start position:0% they've been using models of a brain in a<00:09:48.399> dish<00:09:48.640> where<00:09:48.800> they<00:09:48.959> actually<00:09:49.279> recreate<00:09:50.040> the 00:09:50.190 --> 00:09:50.200 align:start position:0% a dish where they actually recreate the 00:09:50.200 --> 00:09:52.829 align:start position:0% a dish where they actually recreate the neuron<00:09:50.680> structures<00:09:51.120> of<00:09:51.240> a<00:09:51.360> brain<00:09:51.600> in<00:09:51.720> a<00:09:51.880> model 00:09:52.829 --> 00:09:52.839 align:start position:0% neuron structures of a brain in a model 00:09:52.839 --> 00:09:55.949 align:start position:0% neuron structures of a brain in a model or<00:09:53.160> just<00:09:53.480> experiments<00:09:53.920> in<00:09:54.160> mice<00:09:54.600> to<00:09:54.800> show<00:09:55.200> that 00:09:55.949 --> 00:09:55.959 align:start position:0% or just experiments in mice to show that 00:09:55.959 --> 00:09:58.710 align:start position:0% or just experiments in mice to show that the<00:09:56.240> Alzheimer's<00:09:57.040> plaque<00:09:57.519> the<00:09:57.760> ameloid<00:09:58.360> beta 00:09:58.710 --> 00:09:58.720 align:start position:0% the Alzheimer's plaque the ameloid beta 00:09:58.720 --> 00:10:01.230 align:start position:0% the Alzheimer's plaque the ameloid beta plaque<00:09:59.040> that<00:09:59.120> is<00:09:59.480> the<00:09:59.839> the<00:10:00.240> Flack<00:10:00.720> that<00:10:00.880> forms 00:10:01.230 --> 00:10:01.240 align:start position:0% plaque that is the the Flack that forms 00:10:01.240 --> 00:10:02.710 align:start position:0% plaque that is the the Flack that forms in<00:10:01.399> the<00:10:01.600> brains<00:10:02.000> of<00:10:02.200> patients<00:10:02.519> with 00:10:02.710 --> 00:10:02.720 align:start position:0% in the brains of patients with 00:10:02.720 --> 00:10:04.670 align:start position:0% in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's<00:10:03.240> disease<00:10:03.600> that<00:10:03.800> defines<00:10:04.320> the 00:10:04.670 --> 00:10:04.680 align:start position:0% Alzheimer's disease that defines the 00:10:04.680 --> 00:10:07.630 align:start position:0% Alzheimer's disease that defines the disease<00:10:05.680> actually<00:10:06.360> acts<00:10:07.200> as<00:10:07.360> an 00:10:07.630 --> 00:10:07.640 align:start position:0% disease actually acts as an 00:10:07.640 --> 00:10:09.710 align:start position:0% disease actually acts as an antimicrobial<00:10:08.560> peptide<00:10:08.920> or<00:10:09.200> part<00:10:09.440> of<00:10:09.600> the 00:10:09.710 --> 00:10:09.720 align:start position:0% antimicrobial peptide or part of the 00:10:09.720 --> 00:10:12.430 align:start position:0% antimicrobial peptide or part of the immune<00:10:10.120> response<00:10:10.920> that<00:10:11.079> forms<00:10:11.760> in<00:10:12.000> response 00:10:12.430 --> 00:10:12.440 align:start position:0% immune response that forms in response 00:10:12.440 --> 00:10:15.269 align:start position:0% immune response that forms in response to<00:10:12.640> pathogens<00:10:13.480> directly<00:10:14.320> in<00:10:14.480> order<00:10:14.720> to<00:10:14.920> combat 00:10:15.269 --> 00:10:15.279 align:start position:0% to pathogens directly in order to combat 00:10:15.279 --> 00:10:17.030 align:start position:0% to pathogens directly in order to combat them<00:10:15.480> so<00:10:15.680> basically<00:10:16.079> what<00:10:16.240> happens<00:10:16.600> is 00:10:17.030 --> 00:10:17.040 align:start position:0% them so basically what happens is 00:10:17.040 --> 00:10:18.870 align:start position:0% them so basically what happens is there's<00:10:17.240> a<00:10:17.519> virus<00:10:18.000> that<00:10:18.120> gets<00:10:18.320> into<00:10:18.519> the<00:10:18.640> brain 00:10:18.870 --> 00:10:18.880 align:start position:0% there's a virus that gets into the brain 00:10:18.880 --> 00:10:21.670 align:start position:0% there's a virus that gets into the brain tissue<00:10:19.200> model<00:10:19.959> and<00:10:20.200> then<00:10:20.519> the<00:10:20.760> plaque<00:10:21.200> forms 00:10:21.670 --> 00:10:21.680 align:start position:0% tissue model and then the plaque forms 00:10:21.680 --> 00:10:24.150 align:start position:0% tissue model and then the plaque forms around<00:10:21.959> it<00:10:22.240> as<00:10:22.560> part<00:10:22.720> of<00:10:22.880> the<00:10:23.120> response<00:10:23.720> to<00:10:24.000> the 00:10:24.150 --> 00:10:24.160 align:start position:0% around it as part of the response to the 00:10:24.160 --> 00:10:26.350 align:start position:0% around it as part of the response to the virus<00:10:24.600> that's<00:10:24.760> what<00:10:24.880> they<00:10:25.000> were<00:10:25.240> showing<00:10:26.079> in 00:10:26.350 --> 00:10:26.360 align:start position:0% virus that's what they were showing in 00:10:26.360 --> 00:10:28.110 align:start position:0% virus that's what they were showing in this<00:10:26.519> study<00:10:26.880> in<00:10:27.120> response<00:10:27.480> to<00:10:27.600> the<00:10:27.680> herpes 00:10:28.110 --> 00:10:28.120 align:start position:0% this study in response to the herpes 00:10:28.120 --> 00:10:30.910 align:start position:0% this study in response to the herpes viruses<00:10:28.839> but<00:10:29.000> the<00:10:29.320> te<00:10:29.480> is<00:10:29.640> also<00:10:29.880> sewn<00:10:30.279> the<00:10:30.560> same 00:10:30.910 --> 00:10:30.920 align:start position:0% viruses but the te is also sewn the same 00:10:30.920 --> 00:10:33.069 align:start position:0% viruses but the te is also sewn the same Phenomenon<00:10:31.480> with<00:10:31.760> bacterial<00:10:32.399> pathogens<00:10:32.959> and 00:10:33.069 --> 00:10:33.079 align:start position:0% Phenomenon with bacterial pathogens and 00:10:33.079 --> 00:10:35.470 align:start position:0% Phenomenon with bacterial pathogens and with<00:10:33.240> fungal<00:10:33.720> pathogens<00:10:34.720> this<00:10:34.920> places 00:10:35.470 --> 00:10:35.480 align:start position:0% with fungal pathogens this places 00:10:35.480 --> 00:10:38.030 align:start position:0% with fungal pathogens this places infection<00:10:36.040> at<00:10:36.200> the<00:10:36.480> heart<00:10:36.880> of<00:10:37.040> the<00:10:37.279> driving<00:10:37.800> of 00:10:38.030 --> 00:10:38.040 align:start position:0% infection at the heart of the driving of 00:10:38.040 --> 00:10:40.670 align:start position:0% infection at the heart of the driving of amalo<00:10:38.600> plaque<00:10:38.920> in<00:10:39.040> the<00:10:39.160> Alzheimer's<00:10:39.720> brain 00:10:40.670 --> 00:10:40.680 align:start position:0% amalo plaque in the Alzheimer's brain 00:10:40.680 --> 00:10:43.389 align:start position:0% amalo plaque in the Alzheimer's brain here's<00:10:41.000> another<00:10:41.399> example<00:10:41.760> of<00:10:41.839> a<00:10:42.160> team<00:10:43.160> who's 00:10:43.389 --> 00:10:43.399 align:start position:0% here's another example of a team who's 00:10:43.399 --> 00:10:45.350 align:start position:0% here's another example of a team who's working<00:10:43.680> on<00:10:43.800> the<00:10:43.959> same<00:10:44.160> phenomenon<00:10:44.720> Ben<00:10:44.959> re 00:10:45.350 --> 00:10:45.360 align:start position:0% working on the same phenomenon Ben re 00:10:45.360 --> 00:10:47.710 align:start position:0% working on the same phenomenon Ben re heads<00:10:45.560> group<00:10:45.800> at<00:10:45.959> Arizona<00:10:46.440> State<00:10:46.720> University 00:10:47.710 --> 00:10:47.720 align:start position:0% heads group at Arizona State University 00:10:47.720 --> 00:10:49.710 align:start position:0% heads group at Arizona State University this<00:10:47.839> is<00:10:47.959> an<00:10:48.160> image<00:10:48.399> of<00:10:48.600> cytomegalo<00:10:49.399> virus 00:10:49.710 --> 00:10:49.720 align:start position:0% this is an image of cytomegalo virus 00:10:49.720 --> 00:10:51.710 align:start position:0% this is an image of cytomegalo virus which<00:10:49.839> is<00:10:50.000> another<00:10:50.360> herpes<00:10:50.839> viruses<00:10:51.399> that 00:10:51.710 --> 00:10:51.720 align:start position:0% which is another herpes viruses that 00:10:51.720 --> 00:10:54.470 align:start position:0% which is another herpes viruses that many<00:10:52.000> of<00:10:52.160> us<00:10:52.360> just<00:10:52.560> carry<00:10:52.839> with<00:10:52.959> us<00:10:53.120> for<00:10:53.480> life 00:10:54.470 --> 00:10:54.480 align:start position:0% many of us just carry with us for life 00:10:54.480 --> 00:10:56.069 align:start position:0% many of us just carry with us for life it's<00:10:54.720> look<00:10:55.040> in<00:10:55.200> the<00:10:55.320> image<00:10:55.639> here<00:10:55.800> it's 00:10:56.069 --> 00:10:56.079 align:start position:0% it's look in the image here it's 00:10:56.079 --> 00:10:58.509 align:start position:0% it's look in the image here it's concentrated<00:10:56.760> in<00:10:56.880> the<00:10:57.040> micral<00:10:57.800> immune<00:10:58.160> cells 00:10:58.509 --> 00:10:58.519 align:start position:0% concentrated in the micral immune cells 00:10:58.519 --> 00:11:01.030 align:start position:0% concentrated in the micral immune cells of<00:10:58.639> the<00:10:58.760> brain<00:10:59.519> around<00:11:00.040> the<00:11:00.240> plaques<00:11:00.680> of<00:11:00.880> these 00:11:01.030 --> 00:11:01.040 align:start position:0% of the brain around the plaques of these 00:11:01.040 --> 00:11:04.110 align:start position:0% of the brain around the plaques of these cells<00:11:01.600> along<00:11:02.079> with<00:11:02.279> the<00:11:02.480> axin<00:11:03.320> and<00:11:03.519> dendroides 00:11:04.110 --> 00:11:04.120 align:start position:0% cells along with the axin and dendroides 00:11:04.120 --> 00:11:06.829 align:start position:0% cells along with the axin and dendroides of<00:11:04.399> neurons<00:11:05.279> again<00:11:05.680> that<00:11:05.760> are<00:11:06.000> inflamed<00:11:06.600> and 00:11:06.829 --> 00:11:06.839 align:start position:0% of neurons again that are inflamed and 00:11:06.839 --> 00:11:09.030 align:start position:0% of neurons again that are inflamed and directly<00:11:07.480> part<00:11:07.720> of<00:11:07.839> the<00:11:08.000> Alzheimer's<00:11:08.600> disease 00:11:09.030 --> 00:11:09.040 align:start position:0% directly part of the Alzheimer's disease 00:11:09.040 --> 00:11:11.470 align:start position:0% directly part of the Alzheimer's disease process<00:11:09.800> so<00:11:10.079> there<00:11:10.240> are<00:11:10.639> growing<00:11:11.040> number<00:11:11.320> of 00:11:11.470 --> 00:11:11.480 align:start position:0% process so there are growing number of 00:11:11.480 --> 00:11:13.910 align:start position:0% process so there are growing number of teams<00:11:11.880> connecting<00:11:12.360> viruses<00:11:12.880> directly<00:11:13.440> to<00:11:13.760> to 00:11:13.910 --> 00:11:13.920 align:start position:0% teams connecting viruses directly to to 00:11:13.920 --> 00:11:15.069 align:start position:0% teams connecting viruses directly to to neurod 00:11:15.069 --> 00:11:15.079 align:start position:0% neurod 00:11:15.079 --> 00:11:17.269 align:start position:0% neurod degeneration<00:11:16.079> now<00:11:16.440> this<00:11:16.519> is<00:11:16.680> an<00:11:16.839> interesting 00:11:17.269 --> 00:11:17.279 align:start position:0% degeneration now this is an interesting 00:11:17.279 --> 00:11:19.629 align:start position:0% degeneration now this is an interesting study<00:11:17.720> okay<00:11:18.079> what<00:11:18.160> do<00:11:18.360> we<00:11:18.519> do<00:11:19.000> well<00:11:19.399> there's 00:11:19.629 --> 00:11:19.639 align:start position:0% study okay what do we do well there's 00:11:19.639 --> 00:11:21.269 align:start position:0% study okay what do we do well there's some<00:11:19.839> really<00:11:20.040> low<00:11:20.360> hanging<00:11:20.639> fruit<00:11:20.959> no<00:11:21.040> one's 00:11:21.269 --> 00:11:21.279 align:start position:0% some really low hanging fruit no one's 00:11:21.279 --> 00:11:23.150 align:start position:0% some really low hanging fruit no one's even<00:11:21.680> doing<00:11:22.079> anything<00:11:22.440> about<00:11:22.720> this<00:11:22.920> and<00:11:23.040> this 00:11:23.150 --> 00:11:23.160 align:start position:0% even doing anything about this and this 00:11:23.160 --> 00:11:26.509 align:start position:0% even doing anything about this and this is<00:11:23.360> an<00:11:23.560> example<00:11:24.120> of<00:11:24.480> just<00:11:25.480> easy<00:11:25.959> measures<00:11:26.440> we 00:11:26.509 --> 00:11:26.519 align:start position:0% is an example of just easy measures we 00:11:26.519 --> 00:11:28.110 align:start position:0% is an example of just easy measures we could<00:11:26.720> take<00:11:26.880> to<00:11:27.079> control<00:11:27.480> the<00:11:27.639> impact<00:11:28.000> of 00:11:28.110 --> 00:11:28.120 align:start position:0% could take to control the impact of 00:11:28.120 --> 00:11:29.829 align:start position:0% could take to control the impact of viruses<00:11:28.519> on<00:11:28.680> Aging<00:11:29.040> if<00:11:29.320> we<00:11:29.440> made<00:11:29.560> it<00:11:29.680> a 00:11:29.829 --> 00:11:29.839 align:start position:0% viruses on Aging if we made it a 00:11:29.839 --> 00:11:32.310 align:start position:0% viruses on Aging if we made it a priority<00:11:30.680> this<00:11:30.800> is<00:11:30.920> the<00:11:31.120> team<00:11:31.320> in<00:11:31.519> Taiwan<00:11:32.120> and 00:11:32.310 --> 00:11:32.320 align:start position:0% priority this is the team in Taiwan and 00:11:32.320 --> 00:11:34.190 align:start position:0% priority this is the team in Taiwan and what<00:11:32.440> they<00:11:32.639> did<00:11:32.839> is<00:11:33.040> they<00:11:33.240> tracked<00:11:33.800> people 00:11:34.190 --> 00:11:34.200 align:start position:0% what they did is they tracked people 00:11:34.200 --> 00:11:36.949 align:start position:0% what they did is they tracked people over<00:11:34.560> time<00:11:35.360> some<00:11:35.560> of<00:11:35.800> whom<00:11:36.000> were<00:11:36.279> given<00:11:36.639> just 00:11:36.949 --> 00:11:36.959 align:start position:0% over time some of whom were given just 00:11:36.959 --> 00:11:39.829 align:start position:0% over time some of whom were given just aordable<00:11:37.959> herpes<00:11:38.440> virus<00:11:38.920> existing<00:11:39.440> generic 00:11:39.829 --> 00:11:39.839 align:start position:0% aordable herpes virus existing generic 00:11:39.839 --> 00:11:41.550 align:start position:0% aordable herpes virus existing generic medications<00:11:40.519> so<00:11:40.680> for<00:11:40.839> example<00:11:41.200> let's<00:11:41.360> say 00:11:41.550 --> 00:11:41.560 align:start position:0% medications so for example let's say 00:11:41.560 --> 00:11:42.870 align:start position:0% medications so for example let's say someone<00:11:41.800> gives<00:11:41.959> genital<00:11:42.360> herpes<00:11:42.720> they're 00:11:42.870 --> 00:11:42.880 align:start position:0% someone gives genital herpes they're 00:11:42.880 --> 00:11:44.790 align:start position:0% someone gives genital herpes they're given<00:11:43.519> Val<00:11:43.880> checks<00:11:44.279> it's<00:11:44.440> just<00:11:44.600> an 00:11:44.790 --> 00:11:44.800 align:start position:0% given Val checks it's just an 00:11:44.800 --> 00:11:46.910 align:start position:0% given Val checks it's just an over-the-counter<00:11:45.440> herpes<00:11:46.279> anti-<00:11:46.600> herpes 00:11:46.910 --> 00:11:46.920 align:start position:0% over-the-counter herpes anti- herpes 00:11:46.920 --> 00:11:49.030 align:start position:0% over-the-counter herpes anti- herpes virus<00:11:47.240> drug<00:11:47.959> so<00:11:48.160> some<00:11:48.320> of<00:11:48.440> the<00:11:48.560> people<00:11:48.800> in<00:11:48.920> the 00:11:49.030 --> 00:11:49.040 align:start position:0% virus drug so some of the people in the 00:11:49.040 --> 00:11:50.670 align:start position:0% virus drug so some of the people in the study<00:11:49.320> were<00:11:49.519> given<00:11:49.760> more<00:11:49.959> of<00:11:50.160> those<00:11:50.360> anti- 00:11:50.670 --> 00:11:50.680 align:start position:0% study were given more of those anti- 00:11:50.680 --> 00:11:52.710 align:start position:0% study were given more of those anti- herpes<00:11:51.000> virus<00:11:51.240> drugs<00:11:51.519> and<00:11:51.680> some<00:11:51.839> weren't<00:11:52.560> when 00:11:52.710 --> 00:11:52.720 align:start position:0% herpes virus drugs and some weren't when 00:11:52.720 --> 00:11:54.430 align:start position:0% herpes virus drugs and some weren't when they<00:11:52.839> looked<00:11:53.120> at<00:11:53.279> the<00:11:53.399> group<00:11:53.639> that<00:11:53.760> was<00:11:54.040> given 00:11:54.430 --> 00:11:54.440 align:start position:0% they looked at the group that was given 00:11:54.440 --> 00:11:57.430 align:start position:0% they looked at the group that was given these<00:11:54.720> anti-herpetic<00:11:56.000> medications<00:11:57.000> they<00:11:57.200> had 00:11:57.430 --> 00:11:57.440 align:start position:0% these anti-herpetic medications they had 00:11:57.440 --> 00:12:00.110 align:start position:0% these anti-herpetic medications they had a<00:11:57.800> much<00:11:58.120> lower<00:11:58.519> risk<00:11:58.760> of<00:11:58.880> dementia<00:11:59.680> than<00:11:59.880> the 00:12:00.110 --> 00:12:00.120 align:start position:0% a much lower risk of dementia than the 00:12:00.120 --> 00:12:02.389 align:start position:0% a much lower risk of dementia than the people<00:12:00.320> who<00:12:00.519> didn't<00:12:01.040> in<00:12:01.200> fact<00:12:01.440> up<00:12:01.560> to<00:12:01.720> a<00:12:02.000> 10 00:12:02.389 --> 00:12:02.399 align:start position:0% people who didn't in fact up to a 10 00:12:02.399 --> 00:12:04.790 align:start position:0% people who didn't in fact up to a 10 times<00:12:02.760> lower<00:12:03.040> risk<00:12:03.240> of<00:12:03.360> dementia<00:12:04.200> so<00:12:04.480> really 00:12:04.790 --> 00:12:04.800 align:start position:0% times lower risk of dementia so really 00:12:04.800 --> 00:12:06.509 align:start position:0% times lower risk of dementia so really it's<00:12:05.079> extremely<00:12:05.560> low<00:12:05.839> hanging<00:12:06.120> fruit<00:12:06.360> to 00:12:06.509 --> 00:12:06.519 align:start position:0% it's extremely low hanging fruit to 00:12:06.519 --> 00:12:08.230 align:start position:0% it's extremely low hanging fruit to maybe<00:12:06.720> start<00:12:06.920> to<00:12:07.200> use<00:12:07.560> some<00:12:07.680> of<00:12:07.800> the<00:12:07.920> drugs 00:12:08.230 --> 00:12:08.240 align:start position:0% maybe start to use some of the drugs 00:12:08.240 --> 00:12:10.310 align:start position:0% maybe start to use some of the drugs that<00:12:08.360> we<00:12:08.519> have<00:12:08.639> to<00:12:08.839> inhibit<00:12:09.240> viral<00:12:09.600> activity 00:12:10.310 --> 00:12:10.320 align:start position:0% that we have to inhibit viral activity 00:12:10.320 --> 00:12:11.949 align:start position:0% that we have to inhibit viral activity in<00:12:10.440> the<00:12:10.600> context<00:12:11.000> of<00:12:11.160> human 00:12:11.949 --> 00:12:11.959 align:start position:0% in the context of human 00:12:11.959 --> 00:12:14.990 align:start position:0% in the context of human aging<00:12:12.959> now<00:12:13.160> what<00:12:13.320> about<00:12:13.680> in<00:12:14.079> covid<00:12:14.399> Long<00:12:14.680> covid 00:12:14.990 --> 00:12:15.000 align:start position:0% aging now what about in covid Long covid 00:12:15.000 --> 00:12:16.910 align:start position:0% aging now what about in covid Long covid now<00:12:15.720> I<00:12:15.800> know<00:12:15.920> we're<00:12:16.079> all<00:12:16.199> a<00:12:16.279> little<00:12:16.440> burned<00:12:16.760> out 00:12:16.910 --> 00:12:16.920 align:start position:0% now I know we're all a little burned out 00:12:16.920 --> 00:12:18.949 align:start position:0% now I know we're all a little burned out on<00:12:17.120> covid<00:12:17.480> but<00:12:17.680> really<00:12:18.040> like<00:12:18.399> part<00:12:18.560> of<00:12:18.800> what 00:12:18.949 --> 00:12:18.959 align:start position:0% on covid but really like part of what 00:12:18.959 --> 00:12:21.110 align:start position:0% on covid but really like part of what our<00:12:19.160> group<00:12:19.480> does<00:12:19.800> is<00:12:20.000> studies<00:12:20.519> still<00:12:21.000> The 00:12:21.110 --> 00:12:21.120 align:start position:0% our group does is studies still The 00:12:21.120 --> 00:12:22.949 align:start position:0% our group does is studies still The Chronic<00:12:21.480> consequences<00:12:21.959> of<00:12:22.079> SARS<00:12:22.360> Co<00:12:22.600> 2<00:12:22.800> we 00:12:22.949 --> 00:12:22.959 align:start position:0% Chronic consequences of SARS Co 2 we 00:12:22.959 --> 00:12:25.829 align:start position:0% Chronic consequences of SARS Co 2 we have<00:12:23.120> to<00:12:23.519> it's<00:12:23.720> because<00:12:24.000> it's<00:12:24.279> one<00:12:24.560> more<00:12:24.959> virus 00:12:25.829 --> 00:12:25.839 align:start position:0% have to it's because it's one more virus 00:12:25.839 --> 00:12:27.629 align:start position:0% have to it's because it's one more virus that<00:12:26.120> is<00:12:26.360> one<00:12:26.519> of<00:12:26.680> these<00:12:26.920> players<00:12:27.320> that<00:12:27.440> could 00:12:27.629 --> 00:12:27.639 align:start position:0% that is one of these players that could 00:12:27.639 --> 00:12:29.189 align:start position:0% that is one of these players that could contribute<00:12:28.040> to<00:12:28.160> chronic<00:12:28.480> disease<00:12:28.800> and 00:12:29.189 --> 00:12:29.199 align:start position:0% contribute to chronic disease and 00:12:29.199 --> 00:12:31.269 align:start position:0% contribute to chronic disease and fortunately<00:12:29.600> aging<00:12:30.000> processes<00:12:30.920> and<00:12:31.040> you'll 00:12:31.269 --> 00:12:31.279 align:start position:0% fortunately aging processes and you'll 00:12:31.279 --> 00:12:33.470 align:start position:0% fortunately aging processes and you'll hear<00:12:31.480> about<00:12:31.680> long<00:12:32.040> Co<00:12:32.399> and<00:12:32.519> it<00:12:32.720> sounds<00:12:33.199> like<00:12:33.320> a 00:12:33.470 --> 00:12:33.480 align:start position:0% hear about long Co and it sounds like a 00:12:33.480 --> 00:12:34.990 align:start position:0% hear about long Co and it sounds like a vague<00:12:33.760> phenomenon<00:12:34.320> when<00:12:34.440> you<00:12:34.519> hear<00:12:34.720> about<00:12:34.880> it 00:12:34.990 --> 00:12:35.000 align:start position:0% vague phenomenon when you hear about it 00:12:35.000 --> 00:12:37.629 align:start position:0% vague phenomenon when you hear about it in<00:12:35.120> the<00:12:35.240> news<00:12:35.519> often<00:12:36.360> really<00:12:36.680> it's<00:12:36.920> not<00:12:37.360> though 00:12:37.629 --> 00:12:37.639 align:start position:0% in the news often really it's not though 00:12:37.639 --> 00:12:39.389 align:start position:0% in the news often really it's not though a<00:12:37.760> lot<00:12:37.920> of<00:12:38.040> us<00:12:38.199> that<00:12:38.320> are<00:12:38.519> directly<00:12:38.920> studying 00:12:39.389 --> 00:12:39.399 align:start position:0% a lot of us that are directly studying 00:12:39.399 --> 00:12:41.910 align:start position:0% a lot of us that are directly studying long<00:12:39.720> covid<00:12:40.120> realize<00:12:40.800> that<00:12:40.959> the<00:12:41.240> Persistence 00:12:41.910 --> 00:12:41.920 align:start position:0% long covid realize that the Persistence 00:12:41.920 --> 00:12:44.310 align:start position:0% long covid realize that the Persistence of<00:12:42.040> the<00:12:42.160> SARS<00:12:42.560> Co<00:12:42.800> 2<00:12:43.000> virus<00:12:43.320> in<00:12:43.480> tissue<00:12:44.040> in<00:12:44.199> the 00:12:44.310 --> 00:12:44.320 align:start position:0% of the SARS Co 2 virus in tissue in the 00:12:44.320 --> 00:12:46.629 align:start position:0% of the SARS Co 2 virus in tissue in the human<00:12:44.600> body<00:12:44.800> over<00:12:45.079> time<00:12:45.720> in<00:12:45.839> other<00:12:46.040> words<00:12:46.240> SARS 00:12:46.629 --> 00:12:46.639 align:start position:0% human body over time in other words SARS 00:12:46.639 --> 00:12:48.790 align:start position:0% human body over time in other words SARS code<00:12:46.880> 2<00:12:47.160> potentially<00:12:47.680> becoming<00:12:48.120> just<00:12:48.360> another 00:12:48.790 --> 00:12:48.800 align:start position:0% code 2 potentially becoming just another 00:12:48.800 --> 00:12:51.990 align:start position:0% code 2 potentially becoming just another member<00:12:49.160> of<00:12:49.320> the<00:12:49.440> human<00:12:49.920> viron<00:12:50.920> is<00:12:51.600> happening 00:12:51.990 --> 00:12:52.000 align:start position:0% member of the human viron is happening 00:12:52.000 --> 00:12:53.710 align:start position:0% member of the human viron is happening in<00:12:52.199> at<00:12:52.360> least<00:12:52.600> a<00:12:52.760> decent<00:12:53.040> number<00:12:53.360> of<00:12:53.480> people 00:12:53.710 --> 00:12:53.720 align:start position:0% in at least a decent number of people 00:12:53.720 --> 00:12:55.550 align:start position:0% in at least a decent number of people with<00:12:53.839> long<00:12:54.120> covid<00:12:54.399> and<00:12:54.519> here's<00:12:54.720> a<00:12:54.920> paper<00:12:55.320> that 00:12:55.550 --> 00:12:55.560 align:start position:0% with long covid and here's a paper that 00:12:55.560 --> 00:12:57.750 align:start position:0% with long covid and here's a paper that a<00:12:55.800> group<00:12:56.079> of<00:12:56.240> us<00:12:56.480> of<00:12:56.639> long<00:12:56.959> Co<00:12:57.199> researchers 00:12:57.750 --> 00:12:57.760 align:start position:0% a group of us of long Co researchers 00:12:57.760 --> 00:13:00.550 align:start position:0% a group of us of long Co researchers wrote<00:12:58.199> about<00:12:58.480> SARS<00:12:58.839> Co<00:12:59.160> to<00:12:59.399> persistence<00:13:00.279> as<00:13:00.399> a 00:13:00.550 --> 00:13:00.560 align:start position:0% wrote about SARS Co to persistence as a 00:13:00.560 --> 00:13:03.550 align:start position:0% wrote about SARS Co to persistence as a driver<00:13:00.920> of<00:13:01.160> postco<00:13:02.079> symptoms<00:13:03.079> here's<00:13:03.320> an 00:13:03.550 --> 00:13:03.560 align:start position:0% driver of postco symptoms here's an 00:13:03.560 --> 00:13:05.829 align:start position:0% driver of postco symptoms here's an example<00:13:03.959> of<00:13:04.079> a<00:13:04.199> team<00:13:04.480> that<00:13:04.600> we<00:13:04.760> work<00:13:05.079> with<00:13:05.720> this 00:13:05.829 --> 00:13:05.839 align:start position:0% example of a team that we work with this 00:13:05.839 --> 00:13:08.069 align:start position:0% example of a team that we work with this is<00:13:06.120> in<00:13:06.240> the<00:13:06.399> bottom<00:13:06.760> right<00:13:07.240> gut<00:13:07.519> tissue<00:13:07.920> from 00:13:08.069 --> 00:13:08.079 align:start position:0% is in the bottom right gut tissue from 00:13:08.079 --> 00:13:10.150 align:start position:0% is in the bottom right gut tissue from the<00:13:08.240> lining<00:13:08.680> of<00:13:08.800> the<00:13:09.000> gut<00:13:09.480> collected<00:13:09.959> from 00:13:10.150 --> 00:13:10.160 align:start position:0% the lining of the gut collected from 00:13:10.160 --> 00:13:12.550 align:start position:0% the lining of the gut collected from someone<00:13:10.839> almost<00:13:11.199> in<00:13:11.360> one<00:13:11.600> case<00:13:11.800> over<00:13:12.160> two 00:13:12.550 --> 00:13:12.560 align:start position:0% someone almost in one case over two 00:13:12.560 --> 00:13:14.910 align:start position:0% someone almost in one case over two years<00:13:13.040> after<00:13:13.320> they<00:13:13.480> got<00:13:13.720> covid<00:13:14.480> and<00:13:14.600> in<00:13:14.760> this 00:13:14.910 --> 00:13:14.920 align:start position:0% years after they got covid and in this 00:13:14.920 --> 00:13:16.590 align:start position:0% years after they got covid and in this case<00:13:15.160> the<00:13:15.480> person<00:13:15.720> did<00:13:15.880> have<00:13:16.079> symptoms<00:13:16.480> they 00:13:16.590 --> 00:13:16.600 align:start position:0% case the person did have symptoms they 00:13:16.600 --> 00:13:19.350 align:start position:0% case the person did have symptoms they had<00:13:16.760> chronic<00:13:17.120> symptoms<00:13:17.959> but<00:13:18.199> still<00:13:18.800> this<00:13:19.160> that 00:13:19.350 --> 00:13:19.360 align:start position:0% had chronic symptoms but still this that 00:13:19.360 --> 00:13:21.069 align:start position:0% had chronic symptoms but still this that what<00:13:19.480> you're<00:13:19.639> seeing<00:13:20.000> there<00:13:20.160> in<00:13:20.279> the<00:13:20.440> purple 00:13:21.069 --> 00:13:21.079 align:start position:0% what you're seeing there in the purple 00:13:21.079 --> 00:13:23.670 align:start position:0% what you're seeing there in the purple that<00:13:21.320> that<00:13:21.720> pink<00:13:22.160> part<00:13:22.560> is<00:13:22.760> the<00:13:22.880> SARS<00:13:23.240> cooku 00:13:23.670 --> 00:13:23.680 align:start position:0% that that pink part is the SARS cooku 00:13:23.680 --> 00:13:26.470 align:start position:0% that that pink part is the SARS cooku virus<00:13:24.079> still<00:13:24.519> there<00:13:25.000> in<00:13:25.199> the<00:13:25.360> gut<00:13:25.600> tissue 00:13:26.470 --> 00:13:26.480 align:start position:0% virus still there in the gut tissue 00:13:26.480 --> 00:13:29.350 align:start position:0% virus still there in the gut tissue after<00:13:26.800> over<00:13:27.120> two<00:13:27.440> years<00:13:28.000> sort<00:13:28.240> of<00:13:28.519> embedded 00:13:29.350 --> 00:13:29.360 align:start position:0% after over two years sort of embedded 00:13:29.360 --> 00:13:31.189 align:start position:0% after over two years sort of embedded there<00:13:29.720> with<00:13:29.920> immune<00:13:30.240> cells<00:13:30.639> around<00:13:30.920> it 00:13:31.189 --> 00:13:31.199 align:start position:0% there with immune cells around it 00:13:31.199 --> 00:13:33.189 align:start position:0% there with immune cells around it clustered<00:13:31.920> preventing<00:13:32.320> it<00:13:32.519> potentially<00:13:33.000> from 00:13:33.189 --> 00:13:33.199 align:start position:0% clustered preventing it potentially from 00:13:33.199 --> 00:13:34.990 align:start position:0% clustered preventing it potentially from being<00:13:33.399> cleared<00:13:34.040> so<00:13:34.240> it's<00:13:34.480> there<00:13:34.639> in<00:13:34.760> a 00:13:34.990 --> 00:13:35.000 align:start position:0% being cleared so it's there in a 00:13:35.000 --> 00:13:37.269 align:start position:0% being cleared so it's there in a persistent<00:13:35.639> capacity<00:13:36.560> which<00:13:36.720> means<00:13:37.000> that<00:13:37.160> at 00:13:37.269 --> 00:13:37.279 align:start position:0% persistent capacity which means that at 00:13:37.279 --> 00:13:40.350 align:start position:0% persistent capacity which means that at least<00:13:37.480> in<00:13:37.839> some<00:13:38.199> people<00:13:38.760> SARS<00:13:39.199> cve<00:13:39.440> 2<00:13:39.920> may<00:13:40.120> be 00:13:40.350 --> 00:13:40.360 align:start position:0% least in some people SARS cve 2 may be 00:13:40.360 --> 00:13:42.550 align:start position:0% least in some people SARS cve 2 may be acting<00:13:40.760> or<00:13:41.000> seems<00:13:41.600> to<00:13:41.760> be<00:13:41.920> acting<00:13:42.240> as<00:13:42.360> a 00:13:42.550 --> 00:13:42.560 align:start position:0% acting or seems to be acting as a 00:13:42.560 --> 00:13:44.110 align:start position:0% acting or seems to be acting as a persistent<00:13:43.040> virus<00:13:43.440> that<00:13:43.560> can<00:13:43.839> also 00:13:44.110 --> 00:13:44.120 align:start position:0% persistent virus that can also 00:13:44.120 --> 00:13:45.790 align:start position:0% persistent virus that can also contribute<00:13:44.519> to<00:13:44.639> chronic<00:13:44.920> disease<00:13:45.199> and<00:13:45.360> aging 00:13:45.790 --> 00:13:45.800 align:start position:0% contribute to chronic disease and aging 00:13:45.800 --> 00:13:48.110 align:start position:0% contribute to chronic disease and aging processes<00:13:46.800> in<00:13:46.959> fact<00:13:47.279> this<00:13:47.360> is<00:13:47.480> a<00:13:47.639> table<00:13:47.959> from 00:13:48.110 --> 00:13:48.120 align:start position:0% processes in fact this is a table from 00:13:48.120 --> 00:13:49.790 align:start position:0% processes in fact this is a table from one<00:13:48.240> of<00:13:48.320> our<00:13:48.519> papers<00:13:48.839> that<00:13:49.000> just<00:13:49.199> this<00:13:49.320> is<00:13:49.480> just 00:13:49.790 --> 00:13:49.800 align:start position:0% one of our papers that just this is just 00:13:49.800 --> 00:13:51.870 align:start position:0% one of our papers that just this is just some<00:13:50.279> there<00:13:50.399> are<00:13:50.560> some<00:13:50.800> of<00:13:51.000> the<00:13:51.120> studies<00:13:51.759> that 00:13:51.870 --> 00:13:51.880 align:start position:0% some there are some of the studies that 00:13:51.880 --> 00:13:55.269 align:start position:0% some there are some of the studies that have<00:13:52.000> shown<00:13:52.759> persistent<00:13:53.360> SARS<00:13:53.720> cope<00:13:53.959> 2<00:13:54.800> up<00:13:54.959> to 00:13:55.269 --> 00:13:55.279 align:start position:0% have shown persistent SARS cope 2 up to 00:13:55.279 --> 00:13:57.470 align:start position:0% have shown persistent SARS cope 2 up to again<00:13:55.480> then<00:13:55.759> over<00:13:56.040> two<00:13:56.279> years<00:13:56.480> or<00:13:56.680> more<00:13:57.079> after 00:13:57.470 --> 00:13:57.480 align:start position:0% again then over two years or more after 00:13:57.480 --> 00:13:59.230 align:start position:0% again then over two years or more after initial<00:13:57.839> infection<00:13:58.240> and<00:13:58.399> at<00:13:58.480> least<00:13:58.639> a<00:13:58.759> sub<00:13:59.120> set 00:13:59.230 --> 00:13:59.240 align:start position:0% initial infection and at least a sub set 00:13:59.240 --> 00:14:03.110 align:start position:0% initial infection and at least a sub set of<00:13:59.800> people<00:14:00.800> okay<00:14:01.279> so<00:14:02.199> then<00:14:02.519> what<00:14:02.639> do<00:14:02.800> we<00:14:02.920> do 00:14:03.110 --> 00:14:03.120 align:start position:0% of people okay so then what do we do 00:14:03.120 --> 00:14:04.949 align:start position:0% of people okay so then what do we do about<00:14:03.399> this<00:14:03.759> well<00:14:04.000> one<00:14:04.120> of<00:14:04.240> the<00:14:04.399> drugs<00:14:04.720> we're 00:14:04.949 --> 00:14:04.959 align:start position:0% about this well one of the drugs we're 00:14:04.959 --> 00:14:06.829 align:start position:0% about this well one of the drugs we're actually<00:14:05.240> looking<00:14:05.519> about<00:14:05.800> in<00:14:05.920> the<00:14:06.079> long<00:14:06.480> covid 00:14:06.829 --> 00:14:06.839 align:start position:0% actually looking about in the long covid 00:14:06.839 --> 00:14:09.310 align:start position:0% actually looking about in the long covid world<00:14:07.240> is<00:14:07.399> rap<00:14:07.720> ayin<00:14:08.320> which<00:14:08.480> I<00:14:08.600> know<00:14:08.880> that<00:14:09.160> some 00:14:09.310 --> 00:14:09.320 align:start position:0% world is rap ayin which I know that some 00:14:09.320 --> 00:14:11.550 align:start position:0% world is rap ayin which I know that some of<00:14:09.560> you<00:14:09.759> will<00:14:09.959> be<00:14:10.199> familiar<00:14:10.720> with<00:14:10.959> in<00:14:11.360> the 00:14:11.550 --> 00:14:11.560 align:start position:0% of you will be familiar with in the 00:14:11.560 --> 00:14:14.389 align:start position:0% of you will be familiar with in the context<00:14:12.079> of<00:14:12.360> mitigating<00:14:13.279> aging<00:14:13.880> or<00:14:14.160> or 00:14:14.389 --> 00:14:14.399 align:start position:0% context of mitigating aging or or 00:14:14.399 --> 00:14:17.629 align:start position:0% context of mitigating aging or or extending<00:14:14.839> life<00:14:15.160> span<00:14:15.959> so<00:14:16.839> we<00:14:17.000> are<00:14:17.320> actually 00:14:17.629 --> 00:14:17.639 align:start position:0% extending life span so we are actually 00:14:17.639 --> 00:14:19.910 align:start position:0% extending life span so we are actually running<00:14:18.079> at<00:14:18.240> Mount<00:14:18.519> Sinai<00:14:19.279> um<00:14:19.440> in<00:14:19.560> New<00:14:19.720> York 00:14:19.910 --> 00:14:19.920 align:start position:0% running at Mount Sinai um in New York 00:14:19.920 --> 00:14:21.670 align:start position:0% running at Mount Sinai um in New York where<00:14:20.120> I<00:14:20.240> serve<00:14:20.440> as<00:14:20.560> the<00:14:20.720> scientific<00:14:21.199> director 00:14:21.670 --> 00:14:21.680 align:start position:0% where I serve as the scientific director 00:14:21.680 --> 00:14:24.310 align:start position:0% where I serve as the scientific director of<00:14:21.800> a<00:14:21.959> clinic<00:14:22.320> called<00:14:22.720> core<00:14:23.519> um<00:14:23.720> which<00:14:23.839> is<00:14:24.160> a 00:14:24.310 --> 00:14:24.320 align:start position:0% of a clinic called core um which is a 00:14:24.320 --> 00:14:26.189 align:start position:0% of a clinic called core um which is a treating<00:14:24.839> people<00:14:25.279> with<00:14:25.720> conditions 00:14:26.189 --> 00:14:26.199 align:start position:0% treating people with conditions 00:14:26.199 --> 00:14:28.670 align:start position:0% treating people with conditions initiated<00:14:26.680> or<00:14:26.920> exacerbated<00:14:27.519> by<00:14:27.680> infection<00:14:28.519> is 00:14:28.670 --> 00:14:28.680 align:start position:0% initiated or exacerbated by infection is 00:14:28.680 --> 00:14:31.670 align:start position:0% initiated or exacerbated by infection is we're<00:14:29.360> running<00:14:29.720> a<00:14:29.880> trial<00:14:30.279> of<00:14:30.480> Romy<00:14:31.480> in 00:14:31.670 --> 00:14:31.680 align:start position:0% we're running a trial of Romy in 00:14:31.680 --> 00:14:33.910 align:start position:0% we're running a trial of Romy in patients<00:14:32.040> with<00:14:32.160> long<00:14:32.480> covid<00:14:33.040> rapamycin<00:14:33.720> is<00:14:33.800> an 00:14:33.910 --> 00:14:33.920 align:start position:0% patients with long covid rapamycin is an 00:14:33.920 --> 00:14:35.990 align:start position:0% patients with long covid rapamycin is an mour<00:14:34.399> inhibitor<00:14:34.959> that<00:14:35.199> has<00:14:35.639> you<00:14:35.759> know 00:14:35.990 --> 00:14:36.000 align:start position:0% mour inhibitor that has you know 00:14:36.000 --> 00:14:37.389 align:start position:0% mour inhibitor that has you know different<00:14:36.399> properties<00:14:36.800> on<00:14:36.959> the<00:14:37.079> immune 00:14:37.389 --> 00:14:37.399 align:start position:0% different properties on the immune 00:14:37.399 --> 00:14:39.509 align:start position:0% different properties on the immune system<00:14:38.199> now<00:14:38.560> one<00:14:38.680> of<00:14:38.839> the<00:14:38.959> things<00:14:39.199> that's 00:14:39.509 --> 00:14:39.519 align:start position:0% system now one of the things that's 00:14:39.519 --> 00:14:42.110 align:start position:0% system now one of the things that's really<00:14:39.759> interesting<00:14:40.160> about<00:14:40.399> Ramy<00:14:41.279> is<00:14:41.480> that<00:14:41.800> in 00:14:42.110 --> 00:14:42.120 align:start position:0% really interesting about Ramy is that in 00:14:42.120 --> 00:14:44.629 align:start position:0% really interesting about Ramy is that in some<00:14:42.480> studies<00:14:43.120> at<00:14:43.279> least<00:14:43.639> rapalogues<00:14:44.240> or 00:14:44.629 --> 00:14:44.639 align:start position:0% some studies at least rapalogues or 00:14:44.639 --> 00:14:46.990 align:start position:0% some studies at least rapalogues or analoges<00:14:45.160> of<00:14:45.320> vamy<00:14:45.759> and<00:14:45.920> drugs<00:14:46.240> similar<00:14:46.560> to<00:14:46.720> it 00:14:46.990 --> 00:14:47.000 align:start position:0% analoges of vamy and drugs similar to it 00:14:47.000 --> 00:14:50.030 align:start position:0% analoges of vamy and drugs similar to it have<00:14:47.160> been<00:14:47.320> shown<00:14:48.040> to<00:14:48.320> in<00:14:48.480> a<00:14:48.839> low<00:14:49.440> once<00:14:49.680> a<00:14:49.839> week 00:14:50.030 --> 00:14:50.040 align:start position:0% have been shown to in a low once a week 00:14:50.040 --> 00:14:52.350 align:start position:0% have been shown to in a low once a week dose<00:14:50.279> not<00:14:50.440> in<00:14:50.519> a<00:14:50.600> high<00:14:50.800> dose<00:14:51.040> in<00:14:51.160> a<00:14:51.360> lower<00:14:51.800> dose 00:14:52.350 --> 00:14:52.360 align:start position:0% dose not in a high dose in a lower dose 00:14:52.360 --> 00:14:55.150 align:start position:0% dose not in a high dose in a lower dose to<00:14:52.600> enhance<00:14:53.399> parts<00:14:53.680> of<00:14:53.839> the<00:14:53.959> immune<00:14:54.360> response 00:14:55.150 --> 00:14:55.160 align:start position:0% to enhance parts of the immune response 00:14:55.160 --> 00:14:57.749 align:start position:0% to enhance parts of the immune response that<00:14:55.320> can<00:14:55.560> better<00:14:55.920> control<00:14:56.519> viral<00:14:56.880> infection 00:14:57.749 --> 00:14:57.759 align:start position:0% that can better control viral infection 00:14:57.759 --> 00:14:59.990 align:start position:0% that can better control viral infection so<00:14:57.959> for<00:14:58.160> example<00:14:58.600> that<00:14:58.759> TR<00:14:59.240> that<00:14:59.320> I<00:14:59.440> showed<00:14:59.759> you 00:14:59.990 --> 00:15:00.000 align:start position:0% so for example that TR that I showed you 00:15:00.000 --> 00:15:02.790 align:start position:0% so for example that TR that I showed you gave<00:15:00.320> patients<00:15:01.000> two<00:15:01.440> rapalogs<00:15:02.440> over<00:15:02.639> the 00:15:02.790 --> 00:15:02.800 align:start position:0% gave patients two rapalogs over the 00:15:02.800 --> 00:15:04.749 align:start position:0% gave patients two rapalogs over the course<00:15:03.040> of<00:15:03.240> six<00:15:03.519> weeks<00:15:03.880> and<00:15:04.000> a<00:15:04.160> couple<00:15:04.480> things 00:15:04.749 --> 00:15:04.759 align:start position:0% course of six weeks and a couple things 00:15:04.759 --> 00:15:07.389 align:start position:0% course of six weeks and a couple things happened<00:15:05.720> first<00:15:06.279> they<00:15:06.480> showed<00:15:07.040> the<00:15:07.199> people 00:15:07.389 --> 00:15:07.399 align:start position:0% happened first they showed the people 00:15:07.399 --> 00:15:09.350 align:start position:0% happened first they showed the people taking<00:15:07.680> Romy<00:15:08.160> and<00:15:08.279> an<00:15:08.600> increase<00:15:09.120> and 00:15:09.350 --> 00:15:09.360 align:start position:0% taking Romy and an increase and 00:15:09.360 --> 00:15:11.389 align:start position:0% taking Romy and an increase and interferon<00:15:10.040> induced<00:15:10.480> antiviral<00:15:11.040> gene 00:15:11.389 --> 00:15:11.399 align:start position:0% interferon induced antiviral gene 00:15:11.399 --> 00:15:13.629 align:start position:0% interferon induced antiviral gene expression<00:15:12.279> with<00:15:12.440> interferons<00:15:13.160> being<00:15:13.360> one<00:15:13.480> of 00:15:13.629 --> 00:15:13.639 align:start position:0% expression with interferons being one of 00:15:13.639 --> 00:15:15.670 align:start position:0% expression with interferons being one of the<00:15:13.959> primary<00:15:14.480> molecules<00:15:15.040> or<00:15:15.240> parts<00:15:15.440> of<00:15:15.560> the 00:15:15.670 --> 00:15:15.680 align:start position:0% the primary molecules or parts of the 00:15:15.680 --> 00:15:18.269 align:start position:0% the primary molecules or parts of the human<00:15:16.040> response<00:15:16.759> that<00:15:17.040> combats<00:15:17.560> viruses<00:15:18.079> and 00:15:18.269 --> 00:15:18.279 align:start position:0% human response that combats viruses and 00:15:18.279 --> 00:15:21.829 align:start position:0% human response that combats viruses and keeps<00:15:18.639> them<00:15:19.040> down<00:15:20.040> also<00:15:20.839> the<00:15:21.040> people<00:15:21.320> in<00:15:21.560> rap 00:15:21.829 --> 00:15:21.839 align:start position:0% keeps them down also the people in rap 00:15:21.839 --> 00:15:24.030 align:start position:0% keeps them down also the people in rap the<00:15:22.240> ramyon<00:15:22.800> group<00:15:23.120> everyone<00:15:23.480> in<00:15:23.600> the<00:15:23.720> trial 00:15:24.030 --> 00:15:24.040 align:start position:0% the ramyon group everyone in the trial 00:15:24.040 --> 00:15:26.150 align:start position:0% the ramyon group everyone in the trial was<00:15:24.160> given<00:15:24.399> the<00:15:24.560> influenza<00:15:25.199> vaccine<00:15:25.920> but 00:15:26.150 --> 00:15:26.160 align:start position:0% was given the influenza vaccine but 00:15:26.160 --> 00:15:28.509 align:start position:0% was given the influenza vaccine but those<00:15:26.320> who<00:15:26.480> took<00:15:26.680> Ramy<00:15:27.480> had<00:15:27.600> a<00:15:27.759> more<00:15:28.079> robust 00:15:28.509 --> 00:15:28.519 align:start position:0% those who took Ramy had a more robust 00:15:28.519 --> 00:15:30.150 align:start position:0% those who took Ramy had a more robust response<00:15:29.079> to<00:15:29.160> the<00:15:29.279> vaccine<00:15:29.639> in<00:15:29.759> other<00:15:29.920> words 00:15:30.150 --> 00:15:30.160 align:start position:0% response to the vaccine in other words 00:15:30.160 --> 00:15:31.749 align:start position:0% response to the vaccine in other words their<00:15:30.279> immune<00:15:30.560> system<00:15:30.839> seem<00:15:31.079> to<00:15:31.360> activate 00:15:31.749 --> 00:15:31.759 align:start position:0% their immune system seem to activate 00:15:31.759 --> 00:15:33.430 align:start position:0% their immune system seem to activate more<00:15:31.959> and<00:15:32.079> create<00:15:32.440> more<00:15:32.680> antibodies<00:15:33.279> in 00:15:33.430 --> 00:15:33.440 align:start position:0% more and create more antibodies in 00:15:33.440 --> 00:15:35.870 align:start position:0% more and create more antibodies in response<00:15:33.800> to<00:15:33.959> that<00:15:34.319> vaccine<00:15:35.319> also<00:15:35.720> the 00:15:35.870 --> 00:15:35.880 align:start position:0% response to that vaccine also the 00:15:35.880 --> 00:15:38.110 align:start position:0% response to that vaccine also the participants<00:15:36.399> on<00:15:36.560> Ramy<00:15:37.519> even<00:15:37.800> though<00:15:37.959> they 00:15:38.110 --> 00:15:38.120 align:start position:0% participants on Ramy even though they 00:15:38.120 --> 00:15:40.110 align:start position:0% participants on Ramy even though they just<00:15:38.279> took<00:15:38.519> the<00:15:38.639> drugs<00:15:38.920> for<00:15:39.160> six<00:15:39.440> weeks 00:15:40.110 --> 00:15:40.120 align:start position:0% just took the drugs for six weeks 00:15:40.120 --> 00:15:42.189 align:start position:0% just took the drugs for six weeks reported<00:15:40.560> a<00:15:40.759> lower<00:15:41.120> rate<00:15:41.319> of<00:15:41.519> infection<00:15:41.920> for<00:15:42.079> a 00:15:42.189 --> 00:15:42.199 align:start position:0% reported a lower rate of infection for a 00:15:42.199 --> 00:15:44.309 align:start position:0% reported a lower rate of infection for a full<00:15:42.560> year<00:15:42.839> after<00:15:43.040> being<00:15:43.240> on<00:15:43.360> the<00:15:43.480> rapy<00:15:44.160> this 00:15:44.309 --> 00:15:44.319 align:start position:0% full year after being on the rapy this 00:15:44.319 --> 00:15:47.110 align:start position:0% full year after being on the rapy this includes<00:15:44.720> respiratory<00:15:45.360> infections<00:15:46.279> UTI 00:15:47.110 --> 00:15:47.120 align:start position:0% includes respiratory infections UTI 00:15:47.120 --> 00:15:49.749 align:start position:0% includes respiratory infections UTI though<00:15:47.639> all<00:15:48.000> a<00:15:48.199> multiple<00:15:48.800> types<00:15:49.040> of<00:15:49.199> infection 00:15:49.749 --> 00:15:49.759 align:start position:0% though all a multiple types of infection 00:15:49.759 --> 00:15:51.550 align:start position:0% though all a multiple types of infection suggesting<00:15:50.360> again<00:15:50.560> that<00:15:50.720> rapamycin<00:15:51.399> was 00:15:51.550 --> 00:15:51.560 align:start position:0% suggesting again that rapamycin was 00:15:51.560 --> 00:15:54.110 align:start position:0% suggesting again that rapamycin was helping<00:15:51.880> to<00:15:52.079> control<00:15:52.800> viral<00:15:53.199> activity<00:15:53.880> and<00:15:54.040> in 00:15:54.110 --> 00:15:54.120 align:start position:0% helping to control viral activity and in 00:15:54.120 --> 00:15:55.910 align:start position:0% helping to control viral activity and in a<00:15:54.279> related<00:15:54.759> study<00:15:55.040> the<00:15:55.160> team<00:15:55.519> found<00:15:55.759> that 00:15:55.910 --> 00:15:55.920 align:start position:0% a related study the team found that 00:15:55.920 --> 00:15:58.430 align:start position:0% a related study the team found that rapamycin<00:15:56.600> in<00:15:56.759> some<00:15:57.000> patients<00:15:57.680> um<00:15:57.920> improved 00:15:58.430 --> 00:15:58.440 align:start position:0% rapamycin in some patients um improved 00:15:58.440 --> 00:16:00.829 align:start position:0% rapamycin in some patients um improved t-<00:15:58.680> cell<00:15:59.079> exhaustion<00:15:59.839> and<00:16:00.120> again<00:16:00.639> when 00:16:00.829 --> 00:16:00.839 align:start position:0% t- cell exhaustion and again when 00:16:00.839 --> 00:16:02.749 align:start position:0% t- cell exhaustion and again when viruses<00:16:01.399> persist<00:16:01.800> they<00:16:01.920> tend<00:16:02.120> to<00:16:02.279> knock<00:16:02.560> down 00:16:02.749 --> 00:16:02.759 align:start position:0% viruses persist they tend to knock down 00:16:02.759 --> 00:16:04.590 align:start position:0% viruses persist they tend to knock down te-<00:16:03.079> cells<00:16:03.600> uh<00:16:03.720> and<00:16:03.839> their<00:16:04.079> activity<00:16:04.480> which 00:16:04.590 --> 00:16:04.600 align:start position:0% te- cells uh and their activity which 00:16:04.600 --> 00:16:05.990 align:start position:0% te- cells uh and their activity which are<00:16:04.759> parts<00:16:04.959> of<00:16:05.040> our<00:16:05.199> immune<00:16:05.480> system<00:16:05.759> making 00:16:05.990 --> 00:16:06.000 align:start position:0% are parts of our immune system making 00:16:06.000 --> 00:16:08.550 align:start position:0% are parts of our immune system making them<00:16:06.199> literally<00:16:06.720> exhausted<00:16:07.720> and<00:16:07.880> rapamycin 00:16:08.550 --> 00:16:08.560 align:start position:0% them literally exhausted and rapamycin 00:16:08.560 --> 00:16:10.790 align:start position:0% them literally exhausted and rapamycin was<00:16:08.680> shown<00:16:08.920> to<00:16:09.240> potentially<00:16:09.839> improve<00:16:10.440> that 00:16:10.790 --> 00:16:10.800 align:start position:0% was shown to potentially improve that 00:16:10.800 --> 00:16:14.309 align:start position:0% was shown to potentially improve that again<00:16:11.120> so<00:16:11.720> rap<00:16:12.040> ayin<00:16:12.880> we're<00:16:13.160> triing<00:16:13.759> now<00:16:14.079> to 00:16:14.309 --> 00:16:14.319 align:start position:0% again so rap ayin we're triing now to 00:16:14.319 --> 00:16:17.110 align:start position:0% again so rap ayin we're triing now to see<00:16:14.800> if<00:16:15.000> it<00:16:15.160> might<00:16:15.399> help<00:16:15.720> patients<00:16:16.199> who<00:16:16.480> have<00:16:16.920> a 00:16:17.110 --> 00:16:17.120 align:start position:0% see if it might help patients who have a 00:16:17.120 --> 00:16:19.230 align:start position:0% see if it might help patients who have a persistent<00:16:17.519> SARS<00:16:17.880> C2<00:16:18.360> or<00:16:18.560> other<00:16:18.839> virus 00:16:19.230 --> 00:16:19.240 align:start position:0% persistent SARS C2 or other virus 00:16:19.240 --> 00:16:21.670 align:start position:0% persistent SARS C2 or other virus problems<00:16:19.519> in<00:16:19.680> Long<00:16:19.959> covid<00:16:20.800> better<00:16:21.199> control 00:16:21.670 --> 00:16:21.680 align:start position:0% problems in Long covid better control 00:16:21.680 --> 00:16:23.550 align:start position:0% problems in Long covid better control those<00:16:21.880> infections<00:16:22.519> and<00:16:22.680> with<00:16:22.839> this<00:16:23.040> means<00:16:23.319> is 00:16:23.550 --> 00:16:23.560 align:start position:0% those infections and with this means is 00:16:23.560 --> 00:16:26.710 align:start position:0% those infections and with this means is there's<00:16:24.120> you<00:16:24.240> know<00:16:24.519> a<00:16:24.720> use<00:16:25.000> of<00:16:25.319> Romy<00:16:26.319> in<00:16:26.440> terms 00:16:26.710 --> 00:16:26.720 align:start position:0% there's you know a use of Romy in terms 00:16:26.720 --> 00:16:29.509 align:start position:0% there's you know a use of Romy in terms of<00:16:27.040> potential<00:16:27.560> viral<00:16:28.000> control<00:16:28.720> that<00:16:29.000> is<00:16:29.160> also 00:16:29.509 --> 00:16:29.519 align:start position:0% of potential viral control that is also 00:16:29.519 --> 00:16:33.759 align:start position:0% of potential viral control that is also probably<00:16:29.920> relevant<00:16:30.319> to<00:16:30.519> human<00:16:30.759> aging