WEBVTT Kind: captions Language: en 00:00:01.160 --> 00:00:06.690 align:start position:0% [Music] 00:00:06.690 --> 00:00:06.700 align:start position:0% 00:00:06.700 --> 00:00:09.310 align:start position:0% [Music] 00:00:09.310 --> 00:00:09.320 align:start position:0% [Music] 00:00:09.320 --> 00:00:11.789 align:start position:0% [Music] hey<00:00:09.519> folks<00:00:10.400> um<00:00:10.759> I'm<00:00:10.920> s<00:00:11.240> sankran<00:00:11.599> I'm<00:00:11.719> the 00:00:11.789 --> 00:00:11.799 align:start position:0% hey folks um I'm s sankran I'm the 00:00:11.799 --> 00:00:13.390 align:start position:0% hey folks um I'm s sankran I'm the founder<00:00:12.040> of<00:00:12.120> a<00:00:12.200> company<00:00:12.480> called<00:00:12.679> Popa<00:00:13.240> which 00:00:13.390 --> 00:00:13.400 align:start position:0% founder of a company called Popa which 00:00:13.400 --> 00:00:15.549 align:start position:0% founder of a company called Popa which works<00:00:13.679> on<00:00:14.320> uh<00:00:14.480> verifiable<00:00:15.040> open<00:00:15.280> source 00:00:15.549 --> 00:00:15.559 align:start position:0% works on uh verifiable open source 00:00:15.559 --> 00:00:17.429 align:start position:0% works on uh verifiable open source vaccines<00:00:16.279> intended<00:00:16.600> to<00:00:16.720> save<00:00:16.920> millions<00:00:17.240> of 00:00:17.429 --> 00:00:17.439 align:start position:0% vaccines intended to save millions of 00:00:17.439 --> 00:00:19.189 align:start position:0% vaccines intended to save millions of lives<00:00:17.760> from<00:00:18.000> the<00:00:18.119> developing<00:00:18.560> World<00:00:18.880> up<00:00:19.080> and 00:00:19.189 --> 00:00:19.199 align:start position:0% lives from the developing World up and 00:00:19.199 --> 00:00:21.310 align:start position:0% lives from the developing World up and I'll<00:00:19.359> explain<00:00:19.680> what<00:00:19.800> all<00:00:19.920> of<00:00:20.039> that 00:00:21.310 --> 00:00:21.320 align:start position:0% I'll explain what all of that 00:00:21.320 --> 00:00:23.910 align:start position:0% I'll explain what all of that means<00:00:22.320> first<00:00:22.600> let<00:00:22.720> me<00:00:22.840> say<00:00:23.080> something<00:00:23.519> that<00:00:23.760> I 00:00:23.910 --> 00:00:23.920 align:start position:0% means first let me say something that I 00:00:23.920 --> 00:00:25.029 align:start position:0% means first let me say something that I think<00:00:24.119> has<00:00:24.279> unfortunately<00:00:24.720> become 00:00:25.029 --> 00:00:25.039 align:start position:0% think has unfortunately become 00:00:25.039 --> 00:00:27.109 align:start position:0% think has unfortunately become controversial<00:00:25.599> of<00:00:25.800> recent<00:00:26.119> times<00:00:26.720> vaccines 00:00:27.109 --> 00:00:27.119 align:start position:0% controversial of recent times vaccines 00:00:27.119 --> 00:00:28.550 align:start position:0% controversial of recent times vaccines are<00:00:27.240> one<00:00:27.359> of<00:00:27.439> the<00:00:27.560> most<00:00:27.760> effective<00:00:28.279> Public 00:00:28.550 --> 00:00:28.560 align:start position:0% are one of the most effective Public 00:00:28.560 --> 00:00:30.830 align:start position:0% are one of the most effective Public Health<00:00:28.840> interventions<00:00:29.359> known<00:00:29.560> to<00:00:29.720> man 00:00:30.830 --> 00:00:30.840 align:start position:0% Health interventions known to man 00:00:30.840 --> 00:00:32.870 align:start position:0% Health interventions known to man over<00:00:31.039> the<00:00:31.199> last<00:00:31.400> 50<00:00:31.800> years<00:00:32.599> they<00:00:32.719> are 00:00:32.870 --> 00:00:32.880 align:start position:0% over the last 50 years they are 00:00:32.880 --> 00:00:34.590 align:start position:0% over the last 50 years they are estimated<00:00:33.440> and<00:00:33.600> this<00:00:33.680> is<00:00:33.840> just<00:00:34.079> childhood 00:00:34.590 --> 00:00:34.600 align:start position:0% estimated and this is just childhood 00:00:34.600 --> 00:00:36.670 align:start position:0% estimated and this is just childhood vaccines<00:00:35.040> are<00:00:35.200> estimated<00:00:35.640> to<00:00:35.760> have<00:00:35.879> saved 00:00:36.670 --> 00:00:36.680 align:start position:0% vaccines are estimated to have saved 00:00:36.680 --> 00:00:39.670 align:start position:0% vaccines are estimated to have saved over<00:00:37.000> 150<00:00:37.719> million<00:00:38.160> lives<00:00:38.520> across<00:00:39.320> key 00:00:39.670 --> 00:00:39.680 align:start position:0% over 150 million lives across key 00:00:39.680 --> 00:00:42.110 align:start position:0% over 150 million lives across key pathogens<00:00:40.399> that<00:00:40.800> uh<00:00:40.960> that<00:00:41.120> attack<00:00:41.640> uh<00:00:41.800> younger 00:00:42.110 --> 00:00:42.120 align:start position:0% pathogens that uh that attack uh younger 00:00:42.120 --> 00:00:43.990 align:start position:0% pathogens that uh that attack uh younger Children<00:00:42.440> and<00:00:42.680> adolescents<00:00:43.640> and<00:00:43.760> when<00:00:43.879> you 00:00:43.990 --> 00:00:44.000 align:start position:0% Children and adolescents and when you 00:00:44.000 --> 00:00:46.590 align:start position:0% Children and adolescents and when you add<00:00:44.200> adult<00:00:44.559> vaccinations<00:00:45.360> they're<00:00:46.000> uh<00:00:46.199> likely 00:00:46.590 --> 00:00:46.600 align:start position:0% add adult vaccinations they're uh likely 00:00:46.600 --> 00:00:48.790 align:start position:0% add adult vaccinations they're uh likely tens<00:00:46.879> of<00:00:47.039> millions 00:00:48.790 --> 00:00:48.800 align:start position:0% tens of millions 00:00:48.800 --> 00:00:51.430 align:start position:0% tens of millions more<00:00:49.800> but<00:00:49.920> there<00:00:50.039> are<00:00:50.360> pathogens<00:00:51.280> uh 00:00:51.430 --> 00:00:51.440 align:start position:0% more but there are pathogens uh 00:00:51.440 --> 00:00:52.990 align:start position:0% more but there are pathogens uh important<00:00:51.960> pathogens<00:00:52.440> that<00:00:52.559> are<00:00:52.719> quite 00:00:52.990 --> 00:00:53.000 align:start position:0% important pathogens that are quite 00:00:53.000 --> 00:00:55.229 align:start position:0% important pathogens that are quite prevalent<00:00:53.719> for<00:00:54.079> which<00:00:54.399> there<00:00:54.559> are<00:00:54.879> no 00:00:55.229 --> 00:00:55.239 align:start position:0% prevalent for which there are no 00:00:55.239 --> 00:00:58.389 align:start position:0% prevalent for which there are no existing<00:00:55.879> vaccines<00:00:56.800> um<00:00:57.000> these<00:00:57.239> include<00:00:57.879> uh 00:00:58.389 --> 00:00:58.399 align:start position:0% existing vaccines um these include uh 00:00:58.399 --> 00:01:01.069 align:start position:0% existing vaccines um these include uh tuberculosis<00:00:59.399> uh<00:00:59.519> Strep<00:01:00.079> a<00:01:00.239> and<00:01:00.399> hcv<00:01:00.960> in 00:01:01.069 --> 00:01:01.079 align:start position:0% tuberculosis uh Strep a and hcv in 00:01:01.079 --> 00:01:03.830 align:start position:0% tuberculosis uh Strep a and hcv in particular<00:01:01.680> so<00:01:01.920> just<00:01:02.239> these<00:01:02.519> three<00:01:02.840> pathogens 00:01:03.830 --> 00:01:03.840 align:start position:0% particular so just these three pathogens 00:01:03.840 --> 00:01:05.350 align:start position:0% particular so just these three pathogens and<00:01:03.960> here<00:01:04.119> I'm<00:01:04.280> talking<00:01:04.519> about<00:01:04.720> tuberculosis 00:01:05.350 --> 00:01:05.360 align:start position:0% and here I'm talking about tuberculosis 00:01:05.360 --> 00:01:07.710 align:start position:0% and here I'm talking about tuberculosis in<00:01:05.519> adults<00:01:05.920> not<00:01:06.080> tuberculosis<00:01:06.680> in<00:01:06.840> children 00:01:07.710 --> 00:01:07.720 align:start position:0% in adults not tuberculosis in children 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unfortunately<00:01:16.439> instead<00:01:16.799> of<00:01:17.000> speeding 00:01:17.469 --> 00:01:17.479 align:start position:0% today unfortunately instead of speeding 00:01:17.479 --> 00:01:20.550 align:start position:0% today unfortunately instead of speeding up<00:01:17.920> vaccine<00:01:18.360> development<00:01:18.880> is<00:01:19.080> slowing<00:01:19.560> down 00:01:20.550 --> 00:01:20.560 align:start position:0% up vaccine development is slowing down 00:01:20.560 --> 00:01:23.030 align:start position:0% up vaccine development is slowing down uh<00:01:21.079> it<00:01:21.280> it<00:01:21.439> took<00:01:21.840> uh<00:01:21.960> the<00:01:22.079> malaria<00:01:22.640> vaccine 00:01:23.030 --> 00:01:23.040 align:start position:0% uh it it took uh the malaria vaccine 00:01:23.040 --> 00:01:24.310 align:start position:0% uh it it took uh the malaria vaccine which<00:01:23.159> is<00:01:23.280> one<00:01:23.360> of<00:01:23.479> the<00:01:23.600> more<00:01:23.960> recent 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align:start position:0% lure um and uh these programs now routinely<00:01:32.920> cost<00:01:33.280> 1<00:01:33.640> billion<00:01:34.159> plus<00:01:34.479> dollars 00:01:34.910 --> 00:01:34.920 align:start position:0% routinely cost 1 billion plus dollars 00:01:34.920 --> 00:01:36.749 align:start position:0% routinely cost 1 billion plus dollars which<00:01:35.040> is<00:01:35.200> a<00:01:35.600> a<00:01:35.720> very<00:01:35.960> large<00:01:36.200> amount<00:01:36.399> of<00:01:36.520> money 00:01:36.749 --> 00:01:36.759 align:start position:0% which is a a very large amount of money 00:01:36.759 --> 00:01:39.550 align:start position:0% which is a a very large amount of money to<00:01:36.920> invest<00:01:37.280> in<00:01:37.399> a<00:01:37.560> in<00:01:37.640> a<00:01:37.759> single<00:01:38.119> drug<00:01:39.079> um<00:01:39.399> and 00:01:39.550 --> 00:01:39.560 align:start position:0% to invest in a in a single drug um and 00:01:39.560 --> 00:01:41.870 align:start position:0% to invest in a in a single drug um and then<00:01:40.000> because<00:01:40.280> they're<00:01:40.520> only<00:01:40.799> dos<00:01:41.479> let's<00:01:41.680> say 00:01:41.870 --> 00:01:41.880 align:start position:0% then because they're only dos let's say 00:01:41.880 --> 00:01:43.950 align:start position:0% then because they're only dos let's say between<00:01:42.280> one<00:01:42.560> and<00:01:42.799> three<00:01:43.079> times<00:01:43.439> usually 00:01:43.950 --> 00:01:43.960 align:start position:0% between one and three times usually 00:01:43.960 --> 00:01:46.990 align:start position:0% between one and three times usually unlike<00:01:44.680> say<00:01:44.880> gp1<00:01:45.520> Agonist<00:01:46.040> like<00:01:46.200> a<00:01:46.360> zic<00:01:46.880> which 00:01:46.990 --> 00:01:47.000 align:start position:0% unlike say gp1 Agonist like a zic which 00:01:47.000 --> 00:01:48.510 align:start position:0% unlike say gp1 Agonist like a zic which are<00:01:47.240> which<00:01:47.320> are<00:01:47.439> dosed<00:01:47.799> considerably<00:01:48.200> more 00:01:48.510 --> 00:01:48.520 align:start position:0% are which are dosed considerably more 00:01:48.520 --> 00:01:51.870 align:start position:0% are which are dosed considerably more frequently<00:01:49.520> uh<00:01:49.960> farma<00:01:50.399> companies<00:01:51.119> do<00:01:51.320> not<00:01:51.560> see 00:01:51.870 --> 00:01:51.880 align:start position:0% frequently uh farma companies do not see 00:01:51.880 --> 00:01:53.950 align:start position:0% frequently uh farma companies do not see them<00:01:52.119> as<00:01:52.200> a<00:01:52.399> particularly<00:01:52.960> High<00:01:53.399> return<00:01:53.640> on 00:01:53.950 --> 00:01:53.960 align:start position:0% them as a particularly High return on 00:01:53.960 --> 00:01:56.270 align:start position:0% them as a particularly High return on investment<00:01:54.840> and<00:01:54.960> so<00:01:55.200> they<00:01:55.320> have<00:01:55.520> pulled<00:01:55.920> back 00:01:56.270 --> 00:01:56.280 align:start position:0% investment and so they have pulled back 00:01:56.280 --> 00:01:58.230 align:start position:0% investment and so they have pulled back especially<00:01:56.640> in<00:01:56.759> the<00:01:56.920> postco<00:01:57.520> era<00:01:58.000> from 00:01:58.230 --> 00:01:58.240 align:start position:0% especially in the postco era from 00:01:58.240 --> 00:02:00.510 align:start position:0% especially in the postco era from investing<00:01:58.759> in<00:01:58.960> new<00:01:59.200> infectious<00:01:59.640> dis<00:02:00.119> vaccine 00:02:00.510 --> 00:02:00.520 align:start position:0% investing in new infectious dis vaccine 00:02:00.520 --> 00:02:03.149 align:start position:0% investing in new infectious dis vaccine programs<00:02:01.280> in<00:02:01.520> particular<00:02:02.360> for<00:02:02.640> pathogens 00:02:03.149 --> 00:02:03.159 align:start position:0% programs in particular for pathogens 00:02:03.159 --> 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uh<00:02:19.440> during<00:02:20.000> covid<00:02:20.360> but<00:02:20.599> excluding<00:02:21.160> the 00:02:21.309 --> 00:02:21.319 align:start position:0% 2021 uh during covid but excluding the 00:02:21.319 --> 00:02:23.470 align:start position:0% 2021 uh during covid but excluding the covid-19<00:02:22.040> vaccines<00:02:22.760> and<00:02:22.920> what<00:02:23.040> you<00:02:23.120> can<00:02:23.280> see 00:02:23.470 --> 00:02:23.480 align:start position:0% covid-19 vaccines and what you can see 00:02:23.480 --> 00:02:24.790 align:start position:0% covid-19 vaccines and what you can see here<00:02:23.680> is<00:02:23.879> that<00:02:24.040> Indian<00:02:24.440> vaccine 00:02:24.790 --> 00:02:24.800 align:start position:0% here is that Indian vaccine 00:02:24.800 --> 00:02:26.110 align:start position:0% here is that Indian vaccine manufacturers<00:02:25.440> including<00:02:25.760> the<00:02:25.840> serum 00:02:26.110 --> 00:02:26.120 align:start position:0% manufacturers including the serum 00:02:26.120 --> 00:02:28.070 align:start position:0% manufacturers including the serum Institute<00:02:26.440> of<00:02:26.519> India<00:02:27.080> are<00:02:27.280> very<00:02:27.519> substantial 00:02:28.070 --> 00:02:28.080 align:start position:0% Institute of India are very substantial 00:02:28.080 --> 00:02:29.390 align:start position:0% Institute of India are very substantial in<00:02:28.200> their<00:02:28.440> presence<00:02:28.879> they<00:02:29.000> account<00:02:29.239> for 00:02:29.390 --> 00:02:29.400 align:start position:0% in their presence they account for 00:02:29.400 --> 00:02:31.750 align:start position:0% in their presence they account for almost<00:02:29.879> %<00:02:30.400> of<00:02:30.519> the<00:02:30.640> volume<00:02:30.920> of<00:02:31.080> vaccine<00:02:31.400> doses 00:02:31.750 --> 00:02:31.760 align:start position:0% almost % of the volume of vaccine doses 00:02:31.760 --> 00:02:32.830 align:start position:0% almost % of the volume of vaccine doses shipped 00:02:32.830 --> 00:02:32.840 align:start position:0% shipped 00:02:32.840 --> 00:02:36.270 align:start position:0% shipped globally<00:02:33.840> um<00:02:34.160> and<00:02:34.239> so<00:02:34.480> why<00:02:34.599> don't<00:02:34.840> we<00:02:35.280> vac<00:02:36.120> so 00:02:36.270 --> 00:02:36.280 align:start position:0% globally um and so why don't we vac so 00:02:36.280 --> 00:02:38.830 align:start position:0% globally um and so why don't we vac so to<00:02:36.480> speak<00:02:36.840> why<00:02:36.959> don't<00:02:37.239> we<00:02:37.800> uh<00:02:38.120> accelerate 00:02:38.830 --> 00:02:38.840 align:start position:0% to speak why don't we uh accelerate 00:02:38.840 --> 00:02:41.869 align:start position:0% to speak why don't we uh accelerate vaccine<00:02:39.239> development<00:02:40.080> by<00:02:40.280> relying<00:02:40.840> on<00:02:41.720> uh 00:02:41.869 --> 00:02:41.879 align:start position:0% vaccine development by relying on uh 00:02:41.879 --> 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fact that you know you can do things cheaper<00:02:47.879> in<00:02:48.080> countries<00:02:48.480> like<00:02:48.640> India<00:02:49.000> right<00:02:49.120> we 00:02:49.229 --> 00:02:49.239 align:start position:0% cheaper in countries like India right we 00:02:49.239 --> 00:02:51.710 align:start position:0% cheaper in countries like India right we can<00:02:49.360> do<00:02:49.560> this<00:02:49.720> we<00:02:49.879> think<00:02:50.239> 10x<00:02:50.840> faster<00:02:51.200> and<00:02:51.319> 10x 00:02:51.710 --> 00:02:51.720 align:start position:0% can do this we think 10x faster and 10x 00:02:51.720 --> 00:02:53.509 align:start position:0% can do this we think 10x faster and 10x cheaper<00:02:52.480> and<00:02:52.560> you<00:02:52.680> might<00:02:52.879> ask<00:02:53.120> why<00:02:53.239> aren't 00:02:53.509 --> 00:02:53.519 align:start position:0% cheaper and you might ask why aren't 00:02:53.519 --> 00:02:54.750 align:start position:0% cheaper and you might ask why aren't people<00:02:53.720> doing<00:02:54.040> this<00:02:54.200> already<00:02:54.560> there<00:02:54.640> are 00:02:54.750 --> 00:02:54.760 align:start position:0% people doing this already there are 00:02:54.760 --> 00:02:56.110 align:start position:0% people doing this already there are already<00:02:54.959> these<00:02:55.159> big<00:02:55.319> vaccine<00:02:55.680> companies<00:02:56.000> in 00:02:56.110 --> 00:02:56.120 align:start position:0% already these big vaccine companies in 00:02:56.120 --> 00:02:57.910 align:start position:0% already these big vaccine companies in India<00:02:56.440> surely<00:02:56.800> they<00:02:56.920> must<00:02:57.120> be<00:02:57.239> thinking<00:02:57.760> on 00:02:57.910 --> 00:02:57.920 align:start position:0% India surely they must be thinking on 00:02:57.920 --> 00:03:01.430 align:start position:0% India surely they must be thinking on these<00:02:58.280> uh<00:02:58.680> lines<00:02:59.680> um<00:03:00.200> unfortunately<00:03:00.920> India<00:03:01.319> as 00:03:01.430 --> 00:03:01.440 align:start position:0% these uh lines um unfortunately India as 00:03:01.440 --> 00:03:03.190 align:start position:0% these uh lines um unfortunately India as a<00:03:01.599> country<00:03:01.959> spends<00:03:02.440> almost<00:03:02.720> nothing<00:03:03.040> on 00:03:03.190 --> 00:03:03.200 align:start position:0% a country spends almost nothing on 00:03:03.200 --> 00:03:05.390 align:start position:0% a country spends almost nothing on research<00:03:03.480> and<00:03:03.640> development<00:03:04.640> um<00:03:04.760> it<00:03:04.840> is<00:03:04.959> a<00:03:05.120> joke 00:03:05.390 --> 00:03:05.400 align:start position:0% research and development um it is a joke 00:03:05.400 --> 00:03:07.149 align:start position:0% research and development um it is a joke how<00:03:05.519> little<00:03:05.720> we<00:03:05.879> spend<00:03:06.080> on<00:03:06.200> R&D<00:03:06.720> across 00:03:07.149 --> 00:03:07.159 align:start position:0% how little we spend on R&D across 00:03:07.159 --> 00:03:08.710 align:start position:0% how little we spend on R&D across government<00:03:07.799> uh<00:03:07.920> and<00:03:08.080> across<00:03:08.400> Private 00:03:08.710 --> 00:03:08.720 align:start position:0% government uh and across Private 00:03:08.720 --> 00:03:10.830 align:start position:0% government uh and across Private Industry<00:03:09.480> and<00:03:09.599> Indian<00:03:09.959> companies<00:03:10.440> including 00:03:10.830 --> 00:03:10.840 align:start position:0% Industry and Indian companies including 00:03:10.840 --> 00:03:12.589 align:start position:0% Industry and Indian companies including vaccine<00:03:11.239> companies<00:03:11.760> are<00:03:11.920> not<00:03:12.159> particularly 00:03:12.589 --> 00:03:12.599 align:start position:0% vaccine companies are not particularly 00:03:12.599 --> 00:03:14.710 align:start position:0% vaccine companies are not particularly interested<00:03:12.920> in<00:03:13.080> taking<00:03:13.400> technical<00:03:13.840> risks<00:03:14.599> uh 00:03:14.710 --> 00:03:14.720 align:start position:0% interested in taking technical risks uh 00:03:14.720 --> 00:03:16.229 align:start position:0% interested in taking technical risks uh such<00:03:14.879> as<00:03:15.040> developing<00:03:15.440> new<00:03:15.640> vaccines<00:03:16.040> for 00:03:16.229 --> 00:03:16.239 align:start position:0% such as developing new vaccines for 00:03:16.239 --> 00:03:17.830 align:start position:0% such as developing new vaccines for pathogens<00:03:16.680> where<00:03:16.920> vaccines<00:03:17.280> have<00:03:17.400> been<00:03:17.680> hard 00:03:17.830 --> 00:03:17.840 align:start position:0% pathogens where vaccines have been hard 00:03:17.840 --> 00:03:20.830 align:start position:0% pathogens where vaccines have been hard to<00:03:18.440> develop<00:03:19.440> um<00:03:19.840> and<00:03:19.959> so<00:03:20.120> Popa<00:03:20.519> is<00:03:20.599> trying<00:03:20.720> to 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position:0% design including the three pathogens that<00:03:26.519> I<00:03:26.640> mentioned<00:03:27.000> where<00:03:27.159> people<00:03:27.360> have<00:03:27.480> made 00:03:27.670 --> 00:03:27.680 align:start position:0% that I mentioned where people have made 00:03:27.680 --> 00:03:30.670 align:start position:0% that I mentioned where people have made attempts<00:03:28.280> but<00:03:28.439> no<00:03:28.640> success<00:03:29.560> um<00:03:29.840> using<00:03:30.200> mRNA 00:03:30.670 --> 00:03:30.680 align:start position:0% attempts but no success um using mRNA 00:03:30.680 --> 00:03:32.350 align:start position:0% attempts but no success um using mRNA and<00:03:30.799> computational<00:03:31.319> protein<00:03:31.680> design<00:03:32.000> tools 00:03:32.350 --> 00:03:32.360 align:start position:0% and computational protein design tools 00:03:32.360 --> 00:03:34.190 align:start position:0% and computational protein design tools that<00:03:32.519> have<00:03:33.040> just<00:03:33.319> reached<00:03:33.680> the<00:03:33.799> point<00:03:34.080> where 00:03:34.190 --> 00:03:34.200 align:start position:0% that have just reached the point where 00:03:34.200 --> 00:03:36.910 align:start position:0% that have just reached the point where we<00:03:34.319> can<00:03:34.599> actually<00:03:34.959> use<00:03:35.319> them<00:03:35.799> to<00:03:36.040> make<00:03:36.480> novel 00:03:36.910 --> 00:03:36.920 align:start position:0% we can actually use them to make novel 00:03:36.920 --> 00:03:38.229 align:start position:0% we can actually use them to make novel vaccines<00:03:37.400> that<00:03:37.519> couldn't<00:03:37.760> have<00:03:37.879> been<00:03:38.000> made 00:03:38.229 --> 00:03:38.239 align:start position:0% vaccines that couldn't have been made 00:03:38.239 --> 00:03:40.390 align:start position:0% vaccines that couldn't have been made before<00:03:38.720> as<00:03:38.840> I'm<00:03:38.920> sure<00:03:39.159> many<00:03:39.360> of<00:03:39.439> you<00:03:39.560> are<00:03:39.680> aware 00:03:40.390 --> 00:03:40.400 align:start position:0% before as I'm sure many of you are aware 00:03:40.400 --> 00:03:43.350 align:start position:0% before as I'm sure many of you are aware uh<00:03:40.519> Demis<00:03:40.879> sabis<00:03:41.400> John<00:03:41.799> jumper<00:03:42.799> um<00:03:42.959> and<00:03:43.080> David 00:03:43.350 --> 00:03:43.360 align:start position:0% uh Demis sabis John jumper um and David 00:03:43.360 --> 00:03:44.789 align:start position:0% uh Demis sabis John jumper um and David Baker<00:03:43.720> just<00:03:43.879> won<00:03:44.080> the<00:03:44.159> Nobel<00:03:44.439> Prize<00:03:44.680> in 00:03:44.789 --> 00:03:44.799 align:start position:0% Baker just won the Nobel Prize in 00:03:44.799 --> 00:03:46.149 align:start position:0% Baker just won the Nobel Prize in chemistry<00:03:45.159> recently<00:03:45.480> for<00:03:45.640> their<00:03:45.840> work<00:03:46.000> in 00:03:46.149 --> 00:03:46.159 align:start position:0% chemistry recently for their work in 00:03:46.159 --> 00:03:48.390 align:start position:0% chemistry recently for their work in protein<00:03:46.400> structure<00:03:46.760> prediction<00:03:47.239> and<00:03:47.760> uh<00:03:48.280> and 00:03:48.390 --> 00:03:48.400 align:start position:0% protein structure prediction and uh and 00:03:48.400 --> 00:03:49.990 align:start position:0% protein structure prediction and uh and protein<00:03:48.760> design<00:03:49.080> and<00:03:49.159> so<00:03:49.319> these<00:03:49.439> tools<00:03:49.680> are 00:03:49.990 --> 00:03:50.000 align:start position:0% protein design and so these tools are 00:03:50.000 --> 00:03:52.030 align:start position:0% protein design and so these tools are just<00:03:50.280> now<00:03:50.799> reaching<00:03:51.159> the<00:03:51.319> maturity<00:03:51.799> where<00:03:51.920> we 00:03:52.030 --> 00:03:52.040 align:start position:0% just now reaching the maturity where we 00:03:52.040 --> 00:03:54.710 align:start position:0% just now reaching the maturity where we can<00:03:52.200> actually<00:03:52.439> use<00:03:52.680> them<00:03:52.959> productively<00:03:53.959> um 00:03:54.710 --> 00:03:54.720 align:start position:0% can actually use them productively um 00:03:54.720 --> 00:03:56.429 align:start position:0% can actually use them productively um and<00:03:55.120> we<00:03:55.239> want<00:03:55.360> to<00:03:55.480> leverage<00:03:55.840> as<00:03:55.959> I<00:03:56.079> said<00:03:56.280> the 00:03:56.429 --> 00:03:56.439 align:start position:0% and we want to leverage as I said the 00:03:56.439 --> 00:03:58.069 align:start position:0% and we want to leverage as I said the talent<00:03:56.879> cost<00:03:57.120> and<00:03:57.280> speed<00:03:57.519> advantages<00:03:58.000> of 00:03:58.069 --> 00:03:58.079 align:start position:0% talent cost and speed advantages of 00:03:58.079 --> 00:04:00.110 align:start position:0% talent cost and speed advantages of operating<00:03:58.400> in<00:03:58.519> India<00:03:58.799> which<00:03:58.879> is<00:03:59.000> to<00:03:59.120> say<00:03:59.959> uh 00:04:00.110 --> 00:04:00.120 align:start position:0% operating in India which is to say uh 00:04:00.120 --> 00:04:01.830 align:start position:0% operating in India which is to say uh you<00:04:00.239> know<00:04:00.519> we<00:04:00.640> are<00:04:00.799> the<00:04:00.959> only<00:04:01.280> company<00:04:01.599> or<00:04:01.760> one 00:04:01.830 --> 00:04:01.840 align:start position:0% you know we are the only company or one 00:04:01.840 --> 00:04:03.270 align:start position:0% you know we are the only company or one of<00:04:01.959> the<00:04:02.040> only<00:04:02.280> companies<00:04:02.640> doing<00:04:02.879> this<00:04:03.040> kind<00:04:03.159> of 00:04:03.270 --> 00:04:03.280 align:start position:0% of the only companies doing this kind of 00:04:03.280 --> 00:04:05.030 align:start position:0% of the only companies doing this kind of Novel<00:04:03.599> vaccine<00:04:03.920> development<00:04:04.280> in<00:04:04.400> India<00:04:04.920> and 00:04:05.030 --> 00:04:05.040 align:start position:0% Novel vaccine development in India and 00:04:05.040 --> 00:04:06.910 align:start position:0% Novel vaccine development in India and so<00:04:05.200> the<00:04:05.360> best<00:04:05.640> talent<00:04:06.000> in<00:04:06.120> the<00:04:06.239> country<00:04:06.599> folks 00:04:06.910 --> 00:04:06.920 align:start position:0% so the best talent in the country folks 00:04:06.920 --> 00:04:08.710 align:start position:0% so the best talent in the country folks who<00:04:07.280> want<00:04:07.480> to<00:04:07.640> work<00:04:07.879> on<00:04:08.000> these<00:04:08.200> world<00:04:08.599> uh 00:04:08.710 --> 00:04:08.720 align:start position:0% who want to work on these world uh 00:04:08.720 --> 00:04:10.390 align:start position:0% who want to work on these world uh changing<00:04:09.200> problems<00:04:09.680> but<00:04:09.959> you<00:04:10.079> know<00:04:10.200> don't 00:04:10.390 --> 00:04:10.400 align:start position:0% changing problems but you know don't 00:04:10.400 --> 00:04:12.390 align:start position:0% changing problems but you know don't have<00:04:10.560> the<00:04:10.680> opportunity<00:04:11.640> uh<00:04:11.799> essentially<00:04:12.239> come 00:04:12.390 --> 00:04:12.400 align:start position:0% have the opportunity uh essentially come 00:04:12.400 --> 00:04:13.789 align:start position:0% have the opportunity uh essentially come to 00:04:13.789 --> 00:04:13.799 align:start position:0% to 00:04:13.799 --> 00:04:16.629 align:start position:0% to us<00:04:14.799> unfortunately<00:04:15.680> no<00:04:15.840> one<00:04:16.000> wanted<00:04:16.239> to<00:04:16.359> fund 00:04:16.629 --> 00:04:16.639 align:start position:0% us unfortunately no one wanted to fund 00:04:16.639 --> 00:04:19.150 align:start position:0% us unfortunately no one wanted to fund Popa<00:04:17.160> when<00:04:17.239> I<00:04:17.359> started<00:04:17.680> this<00:04:17.880> three<00:04:18.079> years<00:04:18.320> ago 00:04:19.150 --> 00:04:19.160 align:start position:0% Popa when I started this three years ago 00:04:19.160 --> 00:04:21.270 align:start position:0% Popa when I started this three years ago um<00:04:19.600> VCS<00:04:20.000> and<00:04:20.120> nonprofits<00:04:20.639> essentially<00:04:21.040> didn't 00:04:21.270 --> 00:04:21.280 align:start position:0% um VCS and nonprofits essentially didn't 00:04:21.280 --> 00:04:22.790 align:start position:0% um VCS and nonprofits essentially didn't believe<00:04:21.519> that<00:04:21.680> the<00:04:21.799> talent<00:04:22.079> pool<00:04:22.360> existed<00:04:22.680> in 00:04:22.790 --> 00:04:22.800 align:start position:0% believe that the talent pool existed in 00:04:22.800 --> 00:04:25.430 align:start position:0% believe that the talent pool existed in India<00:04:23.040> to<00:04:23.160> do<00:04:23.360> this<00:04:24.160> um<00:04:24.680> The<00:04:24.800> Gates<00:04:25.080> Foundation 00:04:25.430 --> 00:04:25.440 align:start position:0% India to do this um The Gates Foundation 00:04:25.440 --> 00:04:27.350 align:start position:0% India to do this um The Gates Foundation gave<00:04:25.600> us<00:04:25.680> an<00:04:25.800> early<00:04:26.120> 100K<00:04:26.560> check<00:04:27.040> um<00:04:27.160> but<00:04:27.280> that 00:04:27.350 --> 00:04:27.360 align:start position:0% gave us an early 100K check um but that 00:04:27.360 --> 00:04:28.749 align:start position:0% gave us an early 100K check um but that was<00:04:27.520> not<00:04:27.680> enough<00:04:27.840> to<00:04:28.000> build<00:04:28.199> a<00:04:28.360> vaccine 00:04:28.749 --> 00:04:28.759 align:start position:0% was not enough to build a vaccine 00:04:28.759 --> 00:04:31.189 align:start position:0% was not enough to build a vaccine platform<00:04:29.120> or<00:04:29.280> take<00:04:29.400> anything<00:04:30.160> to<00:04:30.320> Clinic<00:04:31.000> as<00:04:31.080> I 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align:start position:0% data about you know two and a half years ago<00:04:42.840> uh<00:04:43.039> but<00:04:43.240> it<00:04:43.360> had<00:04:43.520> rendered<00:04:43.880> both<00:04:44.080> me<00:04:44.240> and 00:04:44.350 --> 00:04:44.360 align:start position:0% ago uh but it had rendered both me and 00:04:44.360 --> 00:04:47.189 align:start position:0% ago uh but it had rendered both me and the<00:04:44.479> company<00:04:44.919> bankrupt<00:04:45.919> uh<00:04:46.560> then<00:04:46.759> there<00:04:46.840> was<00:04:47.000> a 00:04:47.189 --> 00:04:47.199 align:start position:0% the company bankrupt uh then there was a 00:04:47.199 --> 00:04:49.150 align:start position:0% the company bankrupt uh then there was a massive<00:04:47.560> pump<00:04:47.800> in<00:04:47.919> Shiba<00:04:48.320> Inu<00:04:48.639> coin<00:04:48.880> which<00:04:49.000> I'm 00:04:49.150 --> 00:04:49.160 align:start position:0% massive pump in Shiba Inu coin which I'm 00:04:49.160 --> 00:04:50.629 align:start position:0% massive pump in Shiba Inu coin which I'm given<00:04:49.320> to<00:04:49.680> understand<00:04:49.800> is<00:04:49.919> a<00:04:50.000> mem<00:04:50.240> coin<00:04:50.440> of<00:04:50.520> a 00:04:50.629 --> 00:04:50.639 align:start position:0% given to understand is a mem coin of a 00:04:50.639 --> 00:04:53.670 align:start position:0% given to understand is a mem coin of a mem<00:04:50.880> coin<00:04:51.800> um<00:04:52.120> and<00:04:52.320> vitalic<00:04:52.800> founded<00:04:53.199> the<00:04:53.360> bio 00:04:53.670 --> 00:04:53.680 align:start position:0% mem coin um and vitalic founded the bio 00:04:53.680 --> 00:04:55.629 align:start position:0% mem coin um and vitalic founded the bio security<00:04:54.479> and<00:04:54.639> Public<00:04:54.919> Health<00:04:55.160> Organization 00:04:55.629 --> 00:04:55.639 align:start position:0% security and Public Health Organization 00:04:55.639 --> 00:04:57.749 align:start position:0% security and Public Health Organization baly<00:04:56.520> uh<00:04:56.639> and<00:04:56.759> one<00:04:56.880> of<00:04:57.000> their<00:04:57.160> Investments<00:04:57.600> was 00:04:57.749 --> 00:04:57.759 align:start position:0% baly uh and one of their Investments was 00:04:57.759 --> 00:05:00.469 align:start position:0% baly uh and one of their Investments was us<00:04:58.479> um<00:04:58.759> and<00:04:58.880> so<00:04:59.160> they've<00:04:59.320> now<00:04:59.840> us<00:04:59.960> accumulative 00:05:00.469 --> 00:05:00.479 align:start position:0% us um and so they've now us accumulative 00:05:00.479 --> 00:05:02.230 align:start position:0% us um and so they've now us accumulative 15<00:05:00.800> plus<00:05:01.039> million<00:05:01.400> dollar<00:05:01.720> and<00:05:01.840> I<00:05:01.919> think<00:05:02.080> it's 00:05:02.230 --> 00:05:02.240 align:start position:0% 15 plus million dollar and I think it's 00:05:02.240 --> 00:05:05.110 align:start position:0% 15 plus million dollar and I think it's it's<00:05:02.400> interesting<00:05:03.280> that<00:05:03.440> it<00:05:03.600> took<00:05:04.360> uh<00:05:04.520> vitalic 00:05:05.110 --> 00:05:05.120 align:start position:0% it's interesting that it took uh vitalic 00:05:05.120 --> 00:05:07.749 align:start position:0% it's interesting that it took uh vitalic somebody<00:05:05.479> who<00:05:05.639> is<00:05:06.360> outside<00:05:06.880> of<00:05:07.080> the<00:05:07.320> sort<00:05:07.479> of 00:05:07.749 --> 00:05:07.759 align:start position:0% somebody who is outside of the sort of 00:05:07.759 --> 00:05:09.909 align:start position:0% somebody who is outside of the sort of General<00:05:08.320> hierarchy<00:05:08.919> of<00:05:09.199> of<00:05:09.360> you<00:05:09.440> know<00:05:09.680> Public 00:05:09.909 --> 00:05:09.919 align:start position:0% General hierarchy of of you know Public 00:05:09.919 --> 00:05:12.029 align:start position:0% General hierarchy of of you know Public Health<00:05:10.120> funding<00:05:10.800> to<00:05:10.960> see<00:05:11.400> what<00:05:11.600> I<00:05:11.720> think<00:05:11.880> is 00:05:12.029 --> 00:05:12.039 align:start position:0% Health funding to see what I think is 00:05:12.039 --> 00:05:13.430 align:start position:0% Health funding to see what I think is obvious<00:05:12.400> which<00:05:12.520> is<00:05:12.639> that<00:05:12.759> the<00:05:12.919> talent<00:05:13.240> is 00:05:13.430 --> 00:05:13.440 align:start position:0% obvious which is that the talent is 00:05:13.440 --> 00:05:14.790 align:start position:0% obvious which is that the talent is there<00:05:13.600> it<00:05:13.720> was<00:05:13.880> really<00:05:14.240> a<00:05:14.360> resource 00:05:14.790 --> 00:05:14.800 align:start position:0% there it was really a resource 00:05:14.800 --> 00:05:16.749 align:start position:0% there it was really a resource constraint<00:05:15.560> that<00:05:15.800> meant<00:05:16.160> that<00:05:16.320> folks<00:05:16.600> in 00:05:16.749 --> 00:05:16.759 align:start position:0% constraint that meant that folks in 00:05:16.759 --> 00:05:18.230 align:start position:0% constraint that meant that folks in India<00:05:17.039> had<00:05:17.160> not<00:05:17.320> had<00:05:17.479> the<00:05:17.560> opportunity<00:05:17.960> to<00:05:18.120> go 00:05:18.230 --> 00:05:18.240 align:start position:0% India had not had the opportunity to go 00:05:18.240 --> 00:05:19.230 align:start position:0% India had not had the opportunity to go after<00:05:18.520> these 00:05:19.230 --> 00:05:19.240 align:start position:0% after these 00:05:19.240 --> 00:05:21.909 align:start position:0% after these problems<00:05:20.240> so<00:05:20.400> let<00:05:20.520> me<00:05:20.680> talk<00:05:20.840> a<00:05:21.000> bit<00:05:21.400> about<00:05:21.759> what 00:05:21.909 --> 00:05:21.919 align:start position:0% problems so let me talk a bit about what 00:05:21.919 --> 00:05:23.350 align:start position:0% problems so let me talk a bit about what we've<00:05:22.160> actually<00:05:22.440> done<00:05:22.639> with<00:05:22.800> that<00:05:22.919> money<00:05:23.240> and 00:05:23.350 --> 00:05:23.360 align:start position:0% we've actually done with that money and 00:05:23.360 --> 00:05:24.950 align:start position:0% we've actually done with that money and and<00:05:23.520> what<00:05:23.680> that<00:05:23.759> means<00:05:23.960> for<00:05:24.120> the<00:05:24.240> future<00:05:24.759> so 00:05:24.950 --> 00:05:24.960 align:start position:0% and what that means for the future so 00:05:24.960 --> 00:05:26.749 align:start position:0% and what that means for the future so this<00:05:25.080> is<00:05:25.319> extremely<00:05:25.759> dense<00:05:26.080> and<00:05:26.199> I<00:05:26.319> apologize 00:05:26.749 --> 00:05:26.759 align:start position:0% this is extremely dense and I apologize 00:05:26.759 --> 00:05:29.029 align:start position:0% this is extremely dense and I apologize in<00:05:26.880> advance<00:05:27.560> but<00:05:27.720> I'll<00:05:27.960> explain<00:05:28.600> what's<00:05:28.880> going 00:05:29.029 --> 00:05:29.039 align:start position:0% in advance but I'll explain what's going 00:05:29.039 --> 00:05:32.309 align:start position:0% in advance but I'll explain what's going on<00:05:29.280> here<00:05:30.080> uh<00:05:30.880> that<00:05:31.199> green<00:05:31.560> thing<00:05:31.800> that<00:05:31.919> you<00:05:32.039> see 00:05:32.309 --> 00:05:32.319 align:start position:0% on here uh that green thing that you see 00:05:32.319 --> 00:05:34.230 align:start position:0% on here uh that green thing that you see there<00:05:32.560> is<00:05:32.680> the<00:05:32.880> receptor<00:05:33.319> binding<00:05:33.720> domain<00:05:34.039> or 00:05:34.230 --> 00:05:34.240 align:start position:0% there is the receptor binding domain or 00:05:34.240 --> 00:05:36.870 align:start position:0% there is the receptor binding domain or RBD<00:05:34.880> of<00:05:35.000> the<00:05:35.120> SARS<00:05:35.479> CO2<00:05:35.919> virus<00:05:36.479> it<00:05:36.600> is<00:05:36.720> the 00:05:36.870 --> 00:05:36.880 align:start position:0% RBD of the SARS CO2 virus it is the 00:05:36.880 --> 00:05:39.909 align:start position:0% RBD of the SARS CO2 virus it is the immunodominant<00:05:37.840> antigen<00:05:38.520> of<00:05:38.680> SARS<00:05:39.039> CO2 00:05:39.909 --> 00:05:39.919 align:start position:0% immunodominant antigen of SARS CO2 00:05:39.919 --> 00:05:42.029 align:start position:0% immunodominant antigen of SARS CO2 antibodies<00:05:40.600> against<00:05:41.160> that<00:05:41.520> particular 00:05:42.029 --> 00:05:42.039 align:start position:0% antibodies against that particular 00:05:42.039 --> 00:05:44.110 align:start position:0% antibodies against that particular protein<00:05:42.919> are<00:05:43.120> the<00:05:43.280> key<00:05:43.520> drivers<00:05:43.960> of 00:05:44.110 --> 00:05:44.120 align:start position:0% protein are the key drivers of 00:05:44.120 --> 00:05:46.270 align:start position:0% protein are the key drivers of neutralization<00:05:44.919> and<00:05:45.160> protection<00:05:45.960> in<00:05:46.120> the 00:05:46.270 --> 00:05:46.280 align:start position:0% neutralization and protection in the 00:05:46.280 --> 00:05:48.469 align:start position:0% neutralization and protection in the covid<00:05:46.639> vaccines<00:05:47.240> so<00:05:47.400> it's<00:05:47.479> a<00:05:47.720> subset<00:05:48.199> of<00:05:48.360> the 00:05:48.469 --> 00:05:48.479 align:start position:0% covid vaccines so it's a subset of the 00:05:48.479 --> 00:05:50.029 align:start position:0% covid vaccines so it's a subset of the spike<00:05:48.840> protein<00:05:49.240> that<00:05:49.400> I'm<00:05:49.520> sure<00:05:49.759> all<00:05:49.880> of<00:05:49.960> you 00:05:50.029 --> 00:05:50.039 align:start position:0% spike protein that I'm sure all of you 00:05:50.039 --> 00:05:51.469 align:start position:0% spike protein that I'm sure all of you have<00:05:50.160> heard<00:05:50.360> of<00:05:50.520> it's<00:05:50.639> not<00:05:50.800> the<00:05:50.919> entire<00:05:51.199> Spike 00:05:51.469 --> 00:05:51.479 align:start position:0% have heard of it's not the entire Spike 00:05:51.479 --> 00:05:53.550 align:start position:0% have heard of it's not the entire Spike it's<00:05:51.639> just<00:05:51.759> a<00:05:51.919> part<00:05:52.039> of<00:05:52.160> it<00:05:52.479> right<00:05:53.199> what<00:05:53.360> we've 00:05:53.550 --> 00:05:53.560 align:start position:0% it's just a part of it right what we've 00:05:53.560 --> 00:05:55.390 align:start position:0% it's just a part of it right what we've done<00:05:53.759> is<00:05:53.880> we've<00:05:54.120> pioneered<00:05:54.560> an<00:05:54.720> approach 00:05:55.390 --> 00:05:55.400 align:start position:0% done is we've pioneered an approach 00:05:55.400 --> 00:05:58.590 align:start position:0% done is we've pioneered an approach where<00:05:55.639> within<00:05:55.960> mRNA<00:05:56.880> we<00:05:57.000> can<00:05:57.240> encode<00:05:58.160> uh<00:05:58.400> a 00:05:58.590 --> 00:05:58.600 align:start position:0% where within mRNA we can encode uh a 00:05:58.600 --> 00:06:00.790 align:start position:0% where within mRNA we can encode uh a self<00:05:59.120> assembling<00:05:59.840> virus-like<00:06:00.360> particle 00:06:00.790 --> 00:06:00.800 align:start position:0% self assembling virus-like particle 00:06:00.800 --> 00:06:02.870 align:start position:0% self assembling virus-like particle which<00:06:00.880> is<00:06:01.000> what<00:06:01.120> is<00:06:01.199> in<00:06:01.319> the<00:06:01.440> blue<00:06:02.319> um<00:06:02.680> that 00:06:02.870 --> 00:06:02.880 align:start position:0% which is what is in the blue um that 00:06:02.880 --> 00:06:04.710 align:start position:0% which is what is in the blue um that basically<00:06:03.360> displays<00:06:03.840> a<00:06:04.000> whole<00:06:04.240> bunch<00:06:04.479> of 00:06:04.710 --> 00:06:04.720 align:start position:0% basically displays a whole bunch of 00:06:04.720 --> 00:06:07.350 align:start position:0% basically displays a whole bunch of copies<00:06:05.199> of<00:06:05.400> this<00:06:05.560> RBD<00:06:06.080> protein<00:06:06.880> and<00:06:07.000> in<00:06:07.120> doing 00:06:07.350 --> 00:06:07.360 align:start position:0% copies of this RBD protein and in doing 00:06:07.360 --> 00:06:09.870 align:start position:0% copies of this RBD protein and in doing so<00:06:07.520> we've<00:06:07.759> achieved<00:06:08.120> two<00:06:08.360> things<00:06:09.039> one<00:06:09.319> is<00:06:09.759> uh 00:06:09.870 --> 00:06:09.880 align:start position:0% so we've achieved two things one is uh 00:06:09.880 --> 00:06:12.270 align:start position:0% so we've achieved two things one is uh We've<00:06:10.080> achieved<00:06:10.599> considerably<00:06:11.240> more<00:06:11.520> potency 00:06:12.270 --> 00:06:12.280 align:start position:0% We've achieved considerably more potency 00:06:12.280 --> 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here two micrograms of our RBD vlp display<00:06:20.840> mRNA<00:06:21.400> which<00:06:21.520> uses<00:06:21.880> this<00:06:22.080> approach 00:06:22.830 --> 00:06:22.840 align:start position:0% display mRNA which uses this approach 00:06:22.840 --> 00:06:25.189 align:start position:0% display mRNA which uses this approach provides<00:06:23.240> 22x<00:06:24.120> greater<00:06:24.560> neutralizing 00:06:25.189 --> 00:06:25.199 align:start position:0% provides 22x greater neutralizing 00:06:25.199 --> 00:06:27.029 align:start position:0% provides 22x greater neutralizing antibody<00:06:25.759> response<00:06:26.160> which<00:06:26.280> correlates<00:06:26.800> quite 00:06:27.029 --> 00:06:27.039 align:start position:0% antibody response which correlates quite 00:06:27.039 --> 00:06:29.189 align:start position:0% antibody response which correlates quite highly<00:06:27.319> with<00:06:27.560> protection<00:06:28.560> uh<00:06:28.680> compared<00:06:29.039> with 00:06:29.189 --> 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all in mice 00:06:36.240 --> 00:06:38.029 align:start position:0% covid vaccines and this is all in mice uh<00:06:36.880> and<00:06:37.039> what's<00:06:37.240> particularly<00:06:37.680> interesting 00:06:38.029 --> 00:06:38.039 align:start position:0% uh and what's particularly interesting 00:06:38.039 --> 00:06:39.790 align:start position:0% uh and what's particularly interesting about<00:06:38.319> this<00:06:38.520> is<00:06:38.919> you<00:06:39.000> know<00:06:39.160> we<00:06:39.240> can<00:06:39.400> use<00:06:39.560> it<00:06:39.680> to 00:06:39.790 --> 00:06:39.800 align:start position:0% about this is you know we can use it to 00:06:39.800 --> 00:06:41.629 align:start position:0% about this is you know we can use it to make<00:06:39.919> a<00:06:40.039> vaccine<00:06:40.360> that's<00:06:40.520> more<00:06:40.720> potent<00:06:41.360> we<00:06:41.479> can 00:06:41.629 --> 00:06:41.639 align:start position:0% make a vaccine that's more potent we can 00:06:41.639 --> 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see<00:06:48.639> at<00:06:48.720> the<00:06:48.880> top<00:06:49.400> with<00:06:49.560> just<00:06:49.759> 0.1<00:06:50.400> micrograms 00:06:51.390 --> 00:06:51.400 align:start position:0% see at the top with just 0.1 micrograms 00:06:51.400 --> 00:06:53.110 align:start position:0% see at the top with just 0.1 micrograms we<00:06:51.560> can<00:06:51.720> achieve<00:06:52.120> the<00:06:52.240> same<00:06:52.479> result<00:06:52.840> as<00:06:52.960> you 00:06:53.110 --> 00:06:53.120 align:start position:0% we can achieve the same result as you 00:06:53.120 --> 00:06:55.589 align:start position:0% we can achieve the same result as you would<00:06:53.759> without<00:06:54.039> using<00:06:54.319> our<00:06:54.599> strategy<00:06:55.240> with<00:06:55.360> 2 00:06:55.589 --> 00:06:55.599 align:start position:0% would without using our strategy with 2 00:06:55.599 --> 00:06:57.869 align:start position:0% would without using our strategy with 2 micrograms<00:06:56.560> and<00:06:56.680> so<00:06:56.800> I<00:06:56.879> can<00:06:57.000> inject<00:06:57.440> much<00:06:57.680> less 00:06:57.869 --> 00:06:57.879 align:start position:0% micrograms and so I can inject much less 00:06:57.879 --> 00:07:00.589 align:start position:0% micrograms and so I can inject much less mRNA<00:06:58.639> much<00:06:58.879> less<00:06:59.080> lipid<00:06:59.599> nanoparticle<00:07:00.440> and 00:07:00.589 --> 00:07:00.599 align:start position:0% mRNA much less lipid nanoparticle and 00:07:00.599 --> 00:07:02.189 align:start position:0% mRNA much less lipid nanoparticle and have<00:07:00.800> potentially<00:07:01.160> a<00:07:01.280> much<00:07:01.479> safer<00:07:01.879> product 00:07:02.189 --> 00:07:02.199 align:start position:0% have potentially a much safer product 00:07:02.199 --> 00:07:03.550 align:start position:0% have potentially a much safer product overall<00:07:02.720> and<00:07:02.840> the<00:07:02.919> kinds<00:07:03.120> of<00:07:03.240> things<00:07:03.400> that 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whatever your vaccine product or drug 00:07:09.759 --> 00:07:12.070 align:start position:0% whatever your vaccine product or drug product<00:07:10.080> is<00:07:11.000> the<00:07:11.160> other<00:07:11.440> interesting<00:07:11.919> thing 00:07:12.070 --> 00:07:12.080 align:start position:0% product is the other interesting thing 00:07:12.080 --> 00:07:15.830 align:start position:0% product is the other interesting thing that<00:07:12.199> we<00:07:12.360> got<00:07:12.599> here<00:07:12.840> is<00:07:13.000> breath<00:07:13.840> so<00:07:14.840> uh<00:07:15.639> if<00:07:15.720> you 00:07:15.830 --> 00:07:15.840 align:start position:0% that we got here is breath so uh if you 00:07:15.840 --> 00:07:18.309 align:start position:0% that we got here is breath so uh if you think<00:07:16.080> about<00:07:16.560> covid-19<00:07:17.560> and<00:07:17.840> why<00:07:18.000> the 00:07:18.309 --> 00:07:18.319 align:start position:0% think about covid-19 and why the 00:07:18.319 --> 00:07:20.830 align:start position:0% think about covid-19 and why the vaccines<00:07:19.319> were<00:07:19.639> less<00:07:20.000> effective<00:07:20.400> as<00:07:20.520> we<00:07:20.680> got 00:07:20.830 --> 00:07:20.840 align:start position:0% vaccines were less effective as we got 00:07:20.840 --> 00:07:23.550 align:start position:0% vaccines were less effective as we got later<00:07:21.120> into<00:07:21.360> the<00:07:21.520> pandemic<00:07:22.360> the<00:07:22.520> reason<00:07:22.919> isn't 00:07:23.550 --> 00:07:23.560 align:start position:0% later into the pandemic the reason isn't 00:07:23.560 --> 00:07:25.230 align:start position:0% later into the pandemic the reason isn't that<00:07:23.840> they<00:07:24.080> they<00:07:24.199> didn't<00:07:24.440> have<00:07:24.599> a<00:07:24.759> durable 00:07:25.230 --> 00:07:25.240 align:start position:0% that they they didn't have a durable 00:07:25.240 --> 00:07:27.510 align:start position:0% that they they didn't have a durable response<00:07:26.039> the<00:07:26.199> reason<00:07:26.479> is<00:07:26.639> that<00:07:26.800> the<00:07:27.000> pathogen 00:07:27.510 --> 00:07:27.520 align:start position:0% response the reason is that the pathogen 00:07:27.520 --> 00:07:30.309 align:start position:0% response the reason is that the pathogen evolved<00:07:28.440> uh<00:07:28.560> variants<00:07:29.000> of<00:07:29.080> the<00:07:29.199> path<00:07:29.520> pen<00:07:30.199> that 00:07:30.309 --> 00:07:30.319 align:start position:0% evolved uh variants of the path pen that 00:07:30.319 --> 00:07:31.869 align:start position:0% evolved uh variants of the path pen that were<00:07:30.520> no<00:07:30.720> longer<00:07:31.080> susceptible<00:07:31.599> to<00:07:31.720> the 00:07:31.869 --> 00:07:31.879 align:start position:0% were no longer susceptible to the 00:07:31.879 --> 00:07:33.670 align:start position:0% were no longer susceptible to the antibodies<00:07:32.440> El<00:07:32.560> listed<00:07:32.960> by<00:07:33.080> the<00:07:33.199> original 00:07:33.670 --> 00:07:33.680 align:start position:0% antibodies El listed by the original 00:07:33.680 --> 00:07:36.350 align:start position:0% antibodies El listed by the original vaccines<00:07:34.479> became<00:07:34.840> prevalent<00:07:35.800> um<00:07:35.960> and<00:07:36.120> as<00:07:36.199> a 00:07:36.350 --> 00:07:36.360 align:start position:0% vaccines became prevalent um and as a 00:07:36.360 --> 00:07:37.749 align:start position:0% vaccines became prevalent um and as a result<00:07:36.639> of<00:07:36.800> that<00:07:36.960> we<00:07:37.080> ended<00:07:37.319> up<00:07:37.479> with<00:07:37.599> a 00:07:37.749 --> 00:07:37.759 align:start position:0% result of that we ended up with a 00:07:37.759 --> 00:07:39.790 align:start position:0% result of that we ended up with a situation<00:07:38.280> where<00:07:39.000> uh<00:07:39.160> what<00:07:39.280> were<00:07:39.560> very 00:07:39.790 --> 00:07:39.800 align:start position:0% situation where uh what were very 00:07:39.800 --> 00:07:41.510 align:start position:0% situation where uh what were very effective<00:07:40.240> vaccines<00:07:40.720> at<00:07:40.879> even<00:07:41.120> preventing 00:07:41.510 --> 00:07:41.520 align:start position:0% effective vaccines at even preventing 00:07:41.520 --> 00:07:43.430 align:start position:0% effective vaccines at even preventing transmission<00:07:42.479> became<00:07:42.919> relatively 00:07:43.430 --> 00:07:43.440 align:start position:0% transmission became relatively 00:07:43.440 --> 00:07:45.869 align:start position:0% transmission became relatively ineffective<00:07:44.159> as<00:07:44.319> new<00:07:44.520> variants<00:07:44.879> evolved 00:07:45.869 --> 00:07:45.879 align:start position:0% ineffective as new variants evolved 00:07:45.879 --> 00:07:47.950 align:start position:0% ineffective as new variants evolved however<00:07:46.120> using<00:07:46.520> this<00:07:46.759> mRNA<00:07:47.240> encoded<00:07:47.560> VP 00:07:47.950 --> 00:07:47.960 align:start position:0% however using this mRNA encoded VP 00:07:47.960 --> 00:07:49.790 align:start position:0% however using this mRNA encoded VP strategy<00:07:48.720> what<00:07:48.840> we've<00:07:49.039> been<00:07:49.159> able<00:07:49.360> to<00:07:49.520> do 00:07:49.790 --> 00:07:49.800 align:start position:0% strategy what we've been able to do 00:07:49.800 --> 00:07:51.950 align:start position:0% strategy what we've been able to do actually<00:07:50.159> is<00:07:50.599> elicit<00:07:51.159> antibodies<00:07:51.800> that 00:07:51.950 --> 00:07:51.960 align:start position:0% actually is elicit antibodies that 00:07:51.960 --> 00:07:53.790 align:start position:0% actually is elicit antibodies that neutralize<00:07:52.520> a<00:07:52.680> whole<00:07:53.000> breadth<00:07:53.319> of<00:07:53.599> of 00:07:53.790 --> 00:07:53.800 align:start position:0% neutralize a whole breadth of of 00:07:53.800 --> 00:07:56.990 align:start position:0% neutralize a whole breadth of of variance<00:07:54.599> so<00:07:54.840> our<00:07:55.639> uh<00:07:55.840> construct<00:07:56.360> is<00:07:56.560> the<00:07:56.720> red 00:07:56.990 --> 00:07:57.000 align:start position:0% variance so our uh construct is the red 00:07:57.000 --> 00:07:58.869 align:start position:0% variance so our uh construct is the red line<00:07:57.720> which<00:07:57.840> is<00:07:58.039> able<00:07:58.280> to<00:07:58.440> potently 00:07:58.869 --> 00:07:58.879 align:start position:0% line which is able to potently 00:07:58.879 --> 00:08:01.110 align:start position:0% line which is able to potently neutralize<00:07:59.560> you<00:07:59.639> know<00:07:59.800> even<00:07:59.960> as<00:08:00.080> it's<00:08:00.319> diluted 00:08:01.110 --> 00:08:01.120 align:start position:0% neutralize you know even as it's diluted 00:08:01.120 --> 00:08:03.029 align:start position:0% neutralize you know even as it's diluted a<00:08:01.280> whole<00:08:01.479> bunch<00:08:01.680> of<00:08:01.800> these<00:08:01.960> other<00:08:02.280> V<00:08:02.599> variants 00:08:03.029 --> 00:08:03.039 align:start position:0% a whole bunch of these other V variants 00:08:03.039 --> 00:08:05.909 align:start position:0% a whole bunch of these other V variants wild<00:08:03.360> type<00:08:03.639> gamma<00:08:03.960> Lambda<00:08:04.319> Omicron<00:08:04.759> ba1<00:08:05.759> um 00:08:05.909 --> 00:08:05.919 align:start position:0% wild type gamma Lambda Omicron ba1 um 00:08:05.919 --> 00:08:08.189 align:start position:0% wild type gamma Lambda Omicron ba1 um whereas<00:08:06.319> the<00:08:06.560> the<00:08:06.680> US<00:08:07.000> approved<00:08:07.479> CID<00:08:07.759> vaccines 00:08:08.189 --> 00:08:08.199 align:start position:0% whereas the the US approved CID vaccines 00:08:08.199 --> 00:08:10.309 align:start position:0% whereas the the US approved CID vaccines the<00:08:08.280> original<00:08:08.639> ones<00:08:08.879> in<00:08:09.039> blue<00:08:09.680> are<00:08:09.840> not<00:08:10.080> able 00:08:10.309 --> 00:08:10.319 align:start position:0% the original ones in blue are not able 00:08:10.319 --> 00:08:12.830 align:start position:0% the original ones in blue are not able to<00:08:10.639> to<00:08:10.800> neutralize<00:08:11.319> those<00:08:11.479> other<00:08:11.759> variants<00:08:12.599> so 00:08:12.830 --> 00:08:12.840 align:start position:0% to to neutralize those other variants so 00:08:12.840 --> 00:08:14.990 align:start position:0% to to neutralize those other variants so this<00:08:13.080> approach<00:08:13.599> which<00:08:13.919> we<00:08:14.080> are<00:08:14.639> uh<00:08:14.759> you<00:08:14.840> know 00:08:14.990 --> 00:08:15.000 align:start position:0% this approach which we are uh you know 00:08:15.000 --> 00:08:17.070 align:start position:0% this approach which we are uh you know among<00:08:15.240> the<00:08:15.400> first<00:08:15.680> to<00:08:15.919> to<00:08:16.120> Pioneer<00:08:16.599> in<00:08:16.879> uh<00:08:16.960> in 00:08:17.070 --> 00:08:17.080 align:start position:0% among the first to to Pioneer in uh in 00:08:17.080 --> 00:08:19.589 align:start position:0% among the first to to Pioneer in uh in MRN<00:08:17.560> protein<00:08:17.879> design<00:08:18.599> uh<00:08:18.759> has<00:08:19.000> potential 00:08:19.589 --> 00:08:19.599 align:start position:0% MRN protein design uh has potential 00:08:19.599 --> 00:08:21.430 align:start position:0% MRN protein design uh has potential substantial<00:08:20.199> gains<00:08:20.440> for<00:08:20.680> covid<00:08:21.000> and<00:08:21.159> and<00:08:21.280> for 00:08:21.430 --> 00:08:21.440 align:start position:0% substantial gains for covid and and for 00:08:21.440 --> 00:08:23.469 align:start position:0% substantial gains for covid and and for other<00:08:21.680> pathogens<00:08:22.120> like 00:08:23.469 --> 00:08:23.479 align:start position:0% other pathogens like 00:08:23.479 --> 00:08:25.749 align:start position:0% other pathogens like influenza<00:08:24.479> now<00:08:24.599> let<00:08:24.720> me<00:08:24.879> talk<00:08:25.240> a<00:08:25.360> little<00:08:25.560> bit 00:08:25.749 --> 00:08:25.759 align:start position:0% influenza now let me talk a little bit 00:08:25.759 --> 00:08:28.189 align:start position:0% influenza now let me talk a little bit more<00:08:25.960> broadly<00:08:26.520> about<00:08:27.240> what<00:08:27.520> strategies<00:08:28.039> like 00:08:28.189 --> 00:08:28.199 align:start position:0% more broadly about what strategies like 00:08:28.199 --> 00:08:30.270 align:start position:0% more broadly about what strategies like this<00:08:28.360> are<00:08:28.599> actually<00:08:28.840> trying<00:08:29.080> to<00:08:29.240> do<00:08:29.840> right<00:08:30.199> if 00:08:30.270 --> 00:08:30.280 align:start position:0% this are actually trying to do right if 00:08:30.280 --> 00:08:32.430 align:start position:0% this are actually trying to do right if you<00:08:30.400> think<00:08:30.560> about<00:08:30.759> any<00:08:31.000> pathogen<00:08:31.840> uh<00:08:31.960> you<00:08:32.039> know 00:08:32.430 --> 00:08:32.440 align:start position:0% you think about any pathogen uh you know 00:08:32.440 --> 00:08:33.990 align:start position:0% you think about any pathogen uh you know it<00:08:32.560> has<00:08:32.680> a<00:08:32.800> whole<00:08:33.000> bunch<00:08:33.200> of<00:08:33.320> antigens<00:08:33.880> which 00:08:33.990 --> 00:08:34.000 align:start position:0% it has a whole bunch of antigens which 00:08:34.000 --> 00:08:35.630 align:start position:0% it has a whole bunch of antigens which are<00:08:34.440> in<00:08:34.560> the<00:08:34.680> case<00:08:34.839> of<00:08:34.919> a<00:08:35.039> virus<00:08:35.399> those<00:08:35.519> are 00:08:35.630 --> 00:08:35.640 align:start position:0% are in the case of a virus those are 00:08:35.640 --> 00:08:38.190 align:start position:0% are in the case of a virus those are going<00:08:35.719> to<00:08:35.839> be<00:08:36.080> proteins<00:08:37.080> um<00:08:37.399> that<00:08:37.680> elicit 00:08:38.190 --> 00:08:38.200 align:start position:0% going to be proteins um that elicit 00:08:38.200 --> 00:08:39.509 align:start position:0% going to be proteins um that elicit certain<00:08:38.440> kinds<00:08:38.640> of<00:08:38.760> immune<00:08:39.039> responses 00:08:39.509 --> 00:08:39.519 align:start position:0% certain kinds of immune responses 00:08:39.519 --> 00:08:41.709 align:start position:0% certain kinds of immune responses certain<00:08:39.719> types<00:08:39.919> of<00:08:40.080> antibodies<00:08:40.719> right<00:08:41.479> uh<00:08:41.599> and 00:08:41.709 --> 00:08:41.719 align:start position:0% certain types of antibodies right uh and 00:08:41.719 --> 00:08:43.190 align:start position:0% certain types of antibodies right uh and then<00:08:41.880> some<00:08:42.039> of<00:08:42.200> those<00:08:42.399> antibodies<00:08:42.880> are<00:08:43.039> going 00:08:43.190 --> 00:08:43.200 align:start position:0% then some of those antibodies are going 00:08:43.200 --> 00:08:46.470 align:start position:0% then some of those antibodies are going to<00:08:43.399> be<00:08:44.279> uh<00:08:44.760> functional<00:08:45.519> you<00:08:45.640> know<00:08:45.839> they<00:08:46.160> they 00:08:46.470 --> 00:08:46.480 align:start position:0% to be uh functional you know they they 00:08:46.480 --> 00:08:48.710 align:start position:0% to be uh functional you know they they they<00:08:46.760> they<00:08:46.880> might<00:08:47.120> sort<00:08:47.320> of<00:08:47.800> uh<00:08:48.120> neutralize 00:08:48.710 --> 00:08:48.720 align:start position:0% they they might sort of uh neutralize 00:08:48.720 --> 00:08:50.269 align:start position:0% they they might sort of uh neutralize the<00:08:48.920> pathogen<00:08:49.800> right<00:08:49.920> some<00:08:50.080> of<00:08:50.160> those 00:08:50.269 --> 00:08:50.279 align:start position:0% the pathogen right some of those 00:08:50.279 --> 00:08:50.949 align:start position:0% the pathogen right some of those antibodies<00:08:50.640> are<00:08:50.720> going<00:08:50.800> to<00:08:50.880> be 00:08:50.949 --> 00:08:50.959 align:start position:0% antibodies are going to be 00:08:50.959 --> 00:08:52.430 align:start position:0% antibodies are going to be non-functional<00:08:51.560> they<00:08:51.680> might<00:08:51.839> bind<00:08:52.160> but<00:08:52.279> not 00:08:52.430 --> 00:08:52.440 align:start position:0% non-functional they might bind but not 00:08:52.440 --> 00:08:54.829 align:start position:0% non-functional they might bind but not neutralize<00:08:53.000> or<00:08:53.160> or<00:08:53.279> not<00:08:53.480> bind<00:08:53.720> at<00:08:53.880> all<00:08:54.279> right 00:08:54.829 --> 00:08:54.839 align:start position:0% neutralize or or not bind at all right 00:08:54.839 --> 00:08:56.829 align:start position:0% neutralize or or not bind at all right and<00:08:54.959> then<00:08:55.160> within<00:08:55.480> the<00:08:55.720> context<00:08:56.279> of<00:08:56.480> of<00:08:56.640> these 00:08:56.829 --> 00:08:56.839 align:start position:0% and then within the context of of these 00:08:56.839 --> 00:08:59.030 align:start position:0% and then within the context of of these functional<00:08:57.600> uh<00:08:57.760> antibodies<00:08:58.600> there's<00:08:58.839> some 00:08:59.030 --> 00:08:59.040 align:start position:0% functional uh antibodies there's some 00:08:59.040 --> 00:09:00.509 align:start position:0% functional uh antibodies there's some subset<00:08:59.440> set<00:08:59.560> of<00:08:59.680> antibodies<00:09:00.160> that<00:09:00.279> you<00:09:00.360> might 00:09:00.509 --> 00:09:00.519 align:start position:0% subset set of antibodies that you might 00:09:00.519 --> 00:09:02.310 align:start position:0% subset set of antibodies that you might consider<00:09:00.920> broadly<00:09:01.360> functional<00:09:02.079> and<00:09:02.200> what 00:09:02.310 --> 00:09:02.320 align:start position:0% consider broadly functional and what 00:09:02.320 --> 00:09:03.870 align:start position:0% consider broadly functional and what that<00:09:02.440> means<00:09:02.720> is<00:09:03.000> even<00:09:03.200> as<00:09:03.360> the<00:09:03.519> pathogen 00:09:03.870 --> 00:09:03.880 align:start position:0% that means is even as the pathogen 00:09:03.880 --> 00:09:05.710 align:start position:0% that means is even as the pathogen evolves<00:09:04.279> even<00:09:04.440> as<00:09:04.640> there<00:09:04.720> are<00:09:05.279> additional 00:09:05.710 --> 00:09:05.720 align:start position:0% evolves even as there are additional 00:09:05.720 --> 00:09:08.110 align:start position:0% evolves even as there are additional variants<00:09:06.200> that<00:09:06.360> come<00:09:06.560> up<00:09:07.120> those<00:09:07.480> antibodies 00:09:08.110 --> 00:09:08.120 align:start position:0% variants that come up those antibodies 00:09:08.120 --> 00:09:09.509 align:start position:0% variants that come up those antibodies which<00:09:08.240> are<00:09:08.399> some<00:09:08.640> subset<00:09:09.000> of<00:09:09.079> the<00:09:09.160> original 00:09:09.509 --> 00:09:09.519 align:start position:0% which are some subset of the original 00:09:09.519 --> 00:09:11.750 align:start position:0% which are some subset of the original antibodies<00:09:10.440> remain<00:09:10.680> effective<00:09:11.480> so<00:09:11.640> the 00:09:11.750 --> 00:09:11.760 align:start position:0% antibodies remain effective so the 00:09:11.760 --> 00:09:13.870 align:start position:0% antibodies remain effective so the intention<00:09:12.200> of<00:09:12.360> our<00:09:12.640> vaccine<00:09:13.000> design<00:09:13.360> approach 00:09:13.870 --> 00:09:13.880 align:start position:0% intention of our vaccine design approach 00:09:13.880 --> 00:09:15.870 align:start position:0% intention of our vaccine design approach is<00:09:14.120> basically<00:09:14.480> to<00:09:14.720> move<00:09:15.079> the<00:09:15.240> distribution<00:09:15.760> of 00:09:15.870 --> 00:09:15.880 align:start position:0% is basically to move the distribution of 00:09:15.880 --> 00:09:17.389 align:start position:0% is basically to move the distribution of antibodies<00:09:16.440> listed<00:09:16.839> whether<00:09:17.040> it's<00:09:17.160> in<00:09:17.240> an 00:09:17.389 --> 00:09:17.399 align:start position:0% antibodies listed whether it's in an 00:09:17.399 --> 00:09:19.790 align:start position:0% antibodies listed whether it's in an animal<00:09:17.680> or<00:09:17.800> a<00:09:17.920> human<00:09:18.519> towards<00:09:19.079> these<00:09:19.360> broadly 00:09:19.790 --> 00:09:19.800 align:start position:0% animal or a human towards these broadly 00:09:19.800 --> 00:09:21.509 align:start position:0% animal or a human towards these broadly functional<00:09:20.240> antibodies<00:09:21.040> which<00:09:21.240> have<00:09:21.360> a 00:09:21.509 --> 00:09:21.519 align:start position:0% functional antibodies which have a 00:09:21.519 --> 00:09:23.310 align:start position:0% functional antibodies which have a chance<00:09:21.839> of<00:09:22.040> providing<00:09:22.480> durable<00:09:22.880> protection 00:09:23.310 --> 00:09:23.320 align:start position:0% chance of providing durable protection 00:09:23.320 --> 00:09:24.790 align:start position:0% chance of providing durable protection against<00:09:23.680> even<00:09:23.880> new<00:09:24.040> variants<00:09:24.440> that<00:09:24.600> might 00:09:24.790 --> 00:09:24.800 align:start position:0% against even new variants that might 00:09:24.800 --> 00:09:26.670 align:start position:0% against even new variants that might emerge<00:09:25.600> um<00:09:25.760> and<00:09:25.880> this<00:09:25.959> is<00:09:26.120> relevant<00:09:26.480> in<00:09:26.560> the 00:09:26.670 --> 00:09:26.680 align:start position:0% emerge um and this is relevant in the 00:09:26.680 --> 00:09:28.829 align:start position:0% emerge um and this is relevant in the context<00:09:27.079> of<00:09:27.279> of<00:09:27.440> Co<00:09:27.760> for<00:09:28.240> uh<00:09:28.360> this<00:09:28.519> variant 00:09:28.829 --> 00:09:28.839 align:start position:0% context of of Co for uh this variant 00:09:28.839 --> 00:09:30.750 align:start position:0% context of of Co for uh this variant evolution<00:09:29.399> story<00:09:30.040> uh<00:09:30.160> in<00:09:30.279> the<00:09:30.399> case<00:09:30.519> of<00:09:30.640> some 00:09:30.750 --> 00:09:30.760 align:start position:0% evolution story uh in the case of some 00:09:30.760 --> 00:09:32.509 align:start position:0% evolution story uh in the case of some of<00:09:30.880> the<00:09:31.000> other<00:09:31.240> pathogens<00:09:31.640> that<00:09:31.760> I<00:09:31.880> mentioned 00:09:32.509 --> 00:09:32.519 align:start position:0% of the other pathogens that I mentioned 00:09:32.519 --> 00:09:34.990 align:start position:0% of the other pathogens that I mentioned for<00:09:32.720> example<00:09:33.160> hcv<00:09:34.120> it<00:09:34.240> is<00:09:34.480> absolutely 00:09:34.990 --> 00:09:35.000 align:start position:0% for example hcv it is absolutely 00:09:35.000 --> 00:09:37.389 align:start position:0% for example hcv it is absolutely essential<00:09:35.800> because<00:09:36.000> hcv<00:09:36.519> as<00:09:36.640> a<00:09:36.760> pathogen<00:09:37.160> like 00:09:37.389 --> 00:09:37.399 align:start position:0% essential because hcv as a pathogen like 00:09:37.399 --> 00:09:39.990 align:start position:0% essential because hcv as a pathogen like HIV<00:09:38.279> evolves<00:09:38.720> within<00:09:38.959> its<00:09:39.120> own<00:09:39.360> host<00:09:39.760> and<00:09:39.839> so 00:09:39.990 --> 00:09:40.000 align:start position:0% HIV evolves within its own host and so 00:09:40.000 --> 00:09:41.509 align:start position:0% HIV evolves within its own host and so you<00:09:40.120> know<00:09:40.279> if<00:09:40.399> you<00:09:40.519> were<00:09:40.680> to<00:09:40.839> be<00:09:41.000> infected<00:09:41.399> with 00:09:41.509 --> 00:09:41.519 align:start position:0% you know if you were to be infected with 00:09:41.519 --> 00:09:43.269 align:start position:0% you know if you were to be infected with hcv<00:09:42.279> you<00:09:42.399> might<00:09:42.600> have<00:09:42.760> thousands<00:09:43.120> of 00:09:43.269 --> 00:09:43.279 align:start position:0% hcv you might have thousands of 00:09:43.279 --> 00:09:45.470 align:start position:0% hcv you might have thousands of different<00:09:43.640> variants<00:09:44.040> of<00:09:44.160> the<00:09:44.240> hcv<00:09:44.760> pathogen 00:09:45.470 --> 00:09:45.480 align:start position:0% different variants of the hcv pathogen 00:09:45.480 --> 00:09:47.990 align:start position:0% different variants of the hcv pathogen within<00:09:45.720> your<00:09:45.880> own<00:09:46.120> body<00:09:46.680> and<00:09:46.839> so<00:09:47.399> uh<00:09:47.880> an 00:09:47.990 --> 00:09:48.000 align:start position:0% within your own body and so uh an 00:09:48.000 --> 00:09:49.750 align:start position:0% within your own body and so uh an antibody<00:09:48.519> response<00:09:49.000> that<00:09:49.160> is<00:09:49.360> effective 00:09:49.750 --> 00:09:49.760 align:start position:0% antibody response that is effective 00:09:49.760 --> 00:09:51.550 align:start position:0% antibody response that is effective against<00:09:50.040> just<00:09:50.240> one<00:09:50.399> of<00:09:50.560> them<00:09:51.000> is<00:09:51.120> not<00:09:51.320> going<00:09:51.440> to 00:09:51.550 --> 00:09:51.560 align:start position:0% against just one of them is not going to 00:09:51.560 --> 00:09:54.069 align:start position:0% against just one of them is not going to be<00:09:51.720> effective<00:09:52.000> at<00:09:52.160> clearing<00:09:52.519> the<00:09:52.800> pathogen<00:09:53.800> uh 00:09:54.069 --> 00:09:54.079 align:start position:0% be effective at clearing the pathogen uh 00:09:54.079 --> 00:09:55.829 align:start position:0% be effective at clearing the pathogen uh so<00:09:54.240> we've<00:09:54.440> used<00:09:54.760> this<00:09:55.320> uh<00:09:55.440> you<00:09:55.560> know<00:09:55.680> we've 00:09:55.829 --> 00:09:55.839 align:start position:0% so we've used this uh you know we've 00:09:55.839 --> 00:09:57.790 align:start position:0% so we've used this uh you know we've used<00:09:56.320> a<00:09:56.480> variant<00:09:56.959> of<00:09:57.200> of<00:09:57.320> what's<00:09:57.480> called<00:09:57.680> an 00:09:57.790 --> 00:09:57.800 align:start position:0% used a variant of of what's called an 00:09:57.800 --> 00:10:00.030 align:start position:0% used a variant of of what's called an epitope<00:09:58.240> scaffolding<00:09:58.839> approach<00:09:59.680> uh<00:09:59.800> to 00:10:00.030 --> 00:10:00.040 align:start position:0% epitope scaffolding approach uh to 00:10:00.040 --> 00:10:01.870 align:start position:0% epitope scaffolding approach uh to basically<00:10:00.519> attempt<00:10:00.839> to<00:10:00.959> elicit<00:10:01.440> specific 00:10:01.870 --> 00:10:01.880 align:start position:0% basically attempt to elicit specific 00:10:01.880 --> 00:10:03.910 align:start position:0% basically attempt to elicit specific types<00:10:02.079> of<00:10:02.279> antibodies<00:10:03.120> that<00:10:03.320> provide<00:10:03.760> this 00:10:03.910 --> 00:10:03.920 align:start position:0% types of antibodies that provide this 00:10:03.920 --> 00:10:05.949 align:start position:0% types of antibodies that provide this kind<00:10:04.079> of<00:10:04.200> broad<00:10:04.519> functionality<00:10:05.480> and<00:10:05.640> Broad 00:10:05.949 --> 00:10:05.959 align:start position:0% kind of broad functionality and Broad 00:10:05.959 --> 00:10:08.030 align:start position:0% kind of broad functionality and Broad protection<00:10:06.959> um<00:10:07.240> and<00:10:07.440> what<00:10:07.560> we've<00:10:07.760> been<00:10:07.880> able 00:10:08.030 --> 00:10:08.040 align:start position:0% protection um and what we've been able 00:10:08.040 --> 00:10:10.829 align:start position:0% protection um and what we've been able to<00:10:08.160> do<00:10:08.320> in<00:10:08.480> just<00:10:08.680> three<00:10:08.920> years<00:10:09.640> uh<00:10:09.760> is<00:10:09.920> to<00:10:10.440> run 00:10:10.829 --> 00:10:10.839 align:start position:0% to do in just three years uh is to run 00:10:10.839 --> 00:10:13.829 align:start position:0% to do in just three years uh is to run these<00:10:11.120> processes<00:10:11.880> of<00:10:12.279> Designing<00:10:12.959> and<00:10:13.160> testing 00:10:13.829 --> 00:10:13.839 align:start position:0% these processes of Designing and testing 00:10:13.839 --> 00:10:16.630 align:start position:0% these processes of Designing and testing in<00:10:14.240> animals<00:10:15.240> uh<00:10:15.600> these<00:10:15.959> these<00:10:16.160> novel 00:10:16.630 --> 00:10:16.640 align:start position:0% in animals uh these these novel 00:10:16.640 --> 00:10:18.389 align:start position:0% in animals uh these these novel immunogens<00:10:17.440> which<00:10:17.600> can<00:10:17.800> elicit<00:10:18.240> these 00:10:18.389 --> 00:10:18.399 align:start position:0% immunogens which can elicit these 00:10:18.399 --> 00:10:21.030 align:start position:0% immunogens which can elicit these antibodies<00:10:19.320> uh<00:10:19.600> much<00:10:19.880> faster<00:10:20.320> than<00:10:20.560> anybody 00:10:21.030 --> 00:10:21.040 align:start position:0% antibodies uh much faster than anybody 00:10:21.040 --> 00:10:22.910 align:start position:0% antibodies uh much faster than anybody typically<00:10:21.440> does<00:10:21.880> in<00:10:22.040> in<00:10:22.200> vaccine<00:10:22.519> R&D 00:10:22.910 --> 00:10:22.920 align:start position:0% typically does in in vaccine R&D 00:10:22.920 --> 00:10:24.590 align:start position:0% typically does in in vaccine R&D programs<00:10:23.519> again<00:10:23.720> as<00:10:23.800> I<00:10:23.920> said<00:10:24.120> leveraging<00:10:24.519> the 00:10:24.590 --> 00:10:24.600 align:start position:0% programs again as I said leveraging the 00:10:24.600 --> 00:10:25.870 align:start position:0% programs again as I said leveraging the fact<00:10:24.760> that<00:10:24.880> we<00:10:24.959> can<00:10:25.079> do<00:10:25.200> this<00:10:25.360> research<00:10:25.720> much 00:10:25.870 --> 00:10:25.880 align:start position:0% fact that we can do this research much 00:10:25.880 --> 00:10:27.150 align:start position:0% fact that we can do this research much more<00:10:26.000> cheaply<00:10:26.360> and<00:10:26.480> much<00:10:26.600> more<00:10:26.760> quickly<00:10:27.040> in 00:10:27.150 --> 00:10:27.160 align:start position:0% more cheaply and much more quickly in 00:10:27.160 --> 00:10:29.910 align:start position:0% more cheaply and much more quickly in India<00:10:28.160> uh<00:10:28.360> and<00:10:28.519> what<00:10:28.640> we<00:10:28.760> found<00:10:29.000> is<00:10:29.320> mRNA<00:10:29.760> in 00:10:29.910 --> 00:10:29.920 align:start position:0% India uh and what we found is mRNA in 00:10:29.920 --> 00:10:32.069 align:start position:0% India uh and what we found is mRNA in particular<00:10:30.440> gives<00:10:30.640> us<00:10:30.760> an<00:10:30.920> advantage<00:10:31.399> here<00:10:31.959> uh 00:10:32.069 --> 00:10:32.079 align:start position:0% particular gives us an advantage here uh 00:10:32.079 --> 00:10:33.990 align:start position:0% particular gives us an advantage here uh mRNA<00:10:32.600> is<00:10:32.720> of<00:10:32.839> course<00:10:33.120> not<00:10:33.399> the<00:10:33.600> actual 00:10:33.990 --> 00:10:34.000 align:start position:0% mRNA is of course not the actual 00:10:34.000 --> 00:10:35.949 align:start position:0% mRNA is of course not the actual immunogen<00:10:34.760> what<00:10:34.839> you're<00:10:35.000> injecting<00:10:35.360> in<00:10:35.519> mRNA 00:10:35.949 --> 00:10:35.959 align:start position:0% immunogen what you're injecting in mRNA 00:10:35.959 --> 00:10:38.990 align:start position:0% immunogen what you're injecting in mRNA is<00:10:36.120> almost<00:10:36.480> code<00:10:37.120> that<00:10:37.399> encodes<00:10:37.959> a<00:10:38.360> a<00:10:38.560> specific 00:10:38.990 --> 00:10:39.000 align:start position:0% is almost code that encodes a a specific 00:10:39.000 --> 00:10:40.670 align:start position:0% is almost code that encodes a a specific design<00:10:39.320> of<00:10:39.480> immunogen<00:10:40.040> that's<00:10:40.200> intended<00:10:40.560> to 00:10:40.670 --> 00:10:40.680 align:start position:0% design of immunogen that's intended to 00:10:40.680 --> 00:10:43.310 align:start position:0% design of immunogen that's intended to elicit<00:10:41.079> some<00:10:41.279> antibody<00:10:41.800> response<00:10:42.760> um<00:10:43.000> and<00:10:43.120> so 00:10:43.310 --> 00:10:43.320 align:start position:0% elicit some antibody response um and so 00:10:43.320 --> 00:10:44.670 align:start position:0% elicit some antibody response um and so because<00:10:43.560> we're<00:10:43.720> using<00:10:43.959> mRNA<00:10:44.399> which<00:10:44.480> is<00:10:44.560> a 00:10:44.670 --> 00:10:44.680 align:start position:0% because we're using mRNA which is a 00:10:44.680 --> 00:10:46.750 align:start position:0% because we're using mRNA which is a standardized<00:10:45.360> process<00:10:46.040> we<00:10:46.160> can<00:10:46.320> test 00:10:46.750 --> 00:10:46.760 align:start position:0% standardized process we can test 00:10:46.760 --> 00:10:49.230 align:start position:0% standardized process we can test thousands<00:10:47.240> of<00:10:47.399> different<00:10:47.880> immunogens<00:10:48.880> um<00:10:49.120> and 00:10:49.230 --> 00:10:49.240 align:start position:0% thousands of different immunogens um and 00:10:49.240 --> 00:10:51.030 align:start position:0% thousands of different immunogens um and then<00:10:49.360> when<00:10:49.480> we<00:10:49.639> allight<00:10:50.040> upon<00:10:50.320> one<00:10:50.639> that<00:10:50.880> that 00:10:51.030 --> 00:10:51.040 align:start position:0% then when we allight upon one that that 00:10:51.040 --> 00:10:52.870 align:start position:0% then when we allight upon one that that actually<00:10:51.360> gives<00:10:51.560> us<00:10:51.680> the<00:10:51.839> response<00:10:52.200> we<00:10:52.320> want 00:10:52.870 --> 00:10:52.880 align:start position:0% actually gives us the response we want 00:10:52.880 --> 00:10:55.310 align:start position:0% actually gives us the response we want we<00:10:53.000> can<00:10:53.279> translate<00:10:53.760> it<00:10:54.200> not<00:10:54.480> just<00:10:54.720> into<00:10:55.000> a<00:10:55.120> sort 00:10:55.310 --> 00:10:55.320 align:start position:0% we can translate it not just into a sort 00:10:55.320 --> 00:10:57.629 align:start position:0% we can translate it not just into a sort of<00:10:55.560> lab<00:10:55.839> environment<00:10:56.639> but<00:10:56.800> into<00:10:57.000> an<00:10:57.240> actual 00:10:57.629 --> 00:10:57.639 align:start position:0% of lab environment but into an actual 00:10:57.639 --> 00:11:00.509 align:start position:0% of lab environment but into an actual GMP<00:10:58.160> manufacturing<00:10:58.800> environment<00:10:59.680> apologies 00:11:00.509 --> 00:11:00.519 align:start position:0% GMP manufacturing environment apologies 00:11:00.519 --> 00:11:01.949 align:start position:0% GMP manufacturing environment apologies uh<00:11:00.639> we<00:11:00.720> can<00:11:00.880> translate<00:11:01.320> not<00:11:01.440> just<00:11:01.519> into<00:11:01.680> a<00:11:01.760> lab 00:11:01.949 --> 00:11:01.959 align:start position:0% uh we can translate not just into a lab 00:11:01.959 --> 00:11:03.590 align:start position:0% uh we can translate not just into a lab environment<00:11:02.360> but<00:11:02.480> into<00:11:02.639> an<00:11:02.800> actual<00:11:03.200> clinical 00:11:03.590 --> 00:11:03.600 align:start position:0% environment but into an actual clinical 00:11:03.600 --> 00:11:05.990 align:start position:0% environment but into an actual clinical environment<00:11:04.079> into<00:11:04.279> a<00:11:04.399> into<00:11:04.600> a<00:11:04.839> clinical<00:11:05.240> study 00:11:05.990 --> 00:11:06.000 align:start position:0% environment into a into a clinical study 00:11:06.000 --> 00:11:07.389 align:start position:0% environment into a into a clinical study very<00:11:06.200> quickly<00:11:06.560> which<00:11:06.680> is<00:11:06.800> not<00:11:06.959> something<00:11:07.279> that 00:11:07.389 --> 00:11:07.399 align:start position:0% very quickly which is not something that 00:11:07.399 --> 00:11:09.389 align:start position:0% very quickly which is not something that you<00:11:07.480> can<00:11:07.639> do<00:11:08.120> with<00:11:08.360> conventional<00:11:08.880> vaccines<00:11:09.279> as 00:11:09.389 --> 00:11:09.399 align:start position:0% you can do with conventional vaccines as 00:11:09.399 --> 00:11:10.509 align:start position:0% you can do with conventional vaccines as easily<00:11:09.720> which<00:11:09.839> is<00:11:09.959> why<00:11:10.040> you<00:11:10.160> get<00:11:10.320> these 00:11:10.509 --> 00:11:10.519 align:start position:0% easily which is why you get these 00:11:10.519 --> 00:11:12.550 align:start position:0% easily which is why you get these extremely<00:11:10.959> long<00:11:11.200> timelines 00:11:12.550 --> 00:11:12.560 align:start position:0% extremely long timelines 00:11:12.560 --> 00:11:15.790 align:start position:0% extremely long timelines right<00:11:13.560> um<00:11:14.360> and<00:11:14.480> so<00:11:14.760> what<00:11:14.920> what<00:11:15.040> we<00:11:15.160> know<00:11:15.440> so<00:11:15.600> far 00:11:15.790 --> 00:11:15.800 align:start position:0% right um and so what what we know so far 00:11:15.800 --> 00:11:17.550 align:start position:0% right um and so what what we know so far is<00:11:15.959> basically<00:11:16.320> this<00:11:16.480> vac<00:11:16.880> approach<00:11:17.160> in<00:11:17.279> India 00:11:17.550 --> 00:11:17.560 align:start position:0% is basically this vac approach in India 00:11:17.560 --> 00:11:20.230 align:start position:0% is basically this vac approach in India it<00:11:17.720> works<00:11:18.360> right<00:11:18.959> uh<00:11:19.160> we've<00:11:19.360> been<00:11:19.519> able<00:11:19.760> to<00:11:19.959> do 00:11:20.230 --> 00:11:20.240 align:start position:0% it works right uh we've been able to do 00:11:20.240 --> 00:11:22.990 align:start position:0% it works right uh we've been able to do this<00:11:20.959> uh<00:11:21.079> at<00:11:21.320> 20x<00:11:22.040> cheaper<00:11:22.560> than<00:11:22.720> you<00:11:22.800> would 00:11:22.990 --> 00:11:23.000 align:start position:0% this uh at 20x cheaper than you would 00:11:23.000 --> 00:11:25.069 align:start position:0% this uh at 20x cheaper than you would usually<00:11:23.440> spend<00:11:23.800> on<00:11:23.920> a<00:11:24.040> pre-clinical<00:11:24.680> vaccine 00:11:25.069 --> 00:11:25.079 align:start position:0% usually spend on a pre-clinical vaccine 00:11:25.079 --> 00:11:26.550 align:start position:0% usually spend on a pre-clinical vaccine program<00:11:25.360> to<00:11:25.480> build<00:11:25.680> a<00:11:25.800> new<00:11:25.959> platform<00:11:26.320> and<00:11:26.440> get 00:11:26.550 --> 00:11:26.560 align:start position:0% program to build a new platform and get 00:11:26.560 --> 00:11:29.269 align:start position:0% program to build a new platform and get to<00:11:26.720> phase<00:11:26.920> one<00:11:27.760> uh<00:11:28.000> We've<00:11:28.200> 10x<00:11:28.720> the<00:11:28.839> testing 00:11:29.269 --> 00:11:29.279 align:start position:0% to phase one uh We've 10x the testing 00:11:29.279 --> 00:11:31.829 align:start position:0% to phase one uh We've 10x the testing througho<00:11:29.680> of<00:11:29.800> a<00:11:29.959> normal<00:11:30.440> vaccine<00:11:30.920> program<00:11:31.720> uh 00:11:31.829 --> 00:11:31.839 align:start position:0% througho of a normal vaccine program uh 00:11:31.839 --> 00:11:33.870 align:start position:0% througho of a normal vaccine program uh We've<00:11:32.040> tested<00:11:32.880> you<00:11:33.000> know<00:11:33.279> thousands<00:11:33.680> and 00:11:33.870 --> 00:11:33.880 align:start position:0% We've tested you know thousands and 00:11:33.880 --> 00:11:36.190 align:start position:0% We've tested you know thousands and thousands<00:11:34.279> of<00:11:34.480> of<00:11:34.600> novel<00:11:34.880> l&p<00:11:35.360> formulations 00:11:36.190 --> 00:11:36.200 align:start position:0% thousands of of novel l&p formulations 00:11:36.200 --> 00:11:37.910 align:start position:0% thousands of of novel l&p formulations of<00:11:36.360> Novel<00:11:36.760> designed<00:11:37.079> immunogens<00:11:37.680> which<00:11:37.800> are 00:11:37.910 --> 00:11:37.920 align:start position:0% of Novel designed immunogens which are 00:11:37.920 --> 00:11:39.870 align:start position:0% of Novel designed immunogens which are basically<00:11:38.279> vaccine<00:11:38.639> designs<00:11:39.440> we've<00:11:39.600> tested 00:11:39.870 --> 00:11:39.880 align:start position:0% basically vaccine designs we've tested 00:11:39.880 --> 00:11:41.350 align:start position:0% basically vaccine designs we've tested them<00:11:40.000> in<00:11:40.120> vitro<00:11:40.480> but<00:11:40.600> we've<00:11:40.760> also<00:11:40.959> tested<00:11:41.240> them 00:11:41.350 --> 00:11:41.360 align:start position:0% them in vitro but we've also tested them 00:11:41.360 --> 00:11:43.710 align:start position:0% them in vitro but we've also tested them in<00:11:41.480> Vivo<00:11:41.880> 500<00:11:42.440> plus<00:11:42.920> and<00:11:43.040> we've<00:11:43.240> been<00:11:43.320> able<00:11:43.519> to 00:11:43.710 --> 00:11:43.720 align:start position:0% in Vivo 500 plus and we've been able to 00:11:43.720 --> 00:11:44.870 align:start position:0% in Vivo 500 plus and we've been able to achieve<00:11:44.000> the<00:11:44.120> results<00:11:44.440> you<00:11:44.519> saw<00:11:44.680> in<00:11:44.760> the 00:11:44.870 --> 00:11:44.880 align:start position:0% achieve the results you saw in the 00:11:44.880 --> 00:11:45.990 align:start position:0% achieve the results you saw in the beginning<00:11:45.160> which<00:11:45.279> is<00:11:45.399> that<00:11:45.480> our<00:11:45.680> vaccine 00:11:45.990 --> 00:11:46.000 align:start position:0% beginning which is that our vaccine 00:11:46.000 --> 00:11:47.829 align:start position:0% beginning which is that our vaccine appears<00:11:46.279> to<00:11:46.399> be<00:11:46.800> much<00:11:47.040> much<00:11:47.240> better<00:11:47.560> than<00:11:47.680> the 00:11:47.829 --> 00:11:47.839 align:start position:0% appears to be much much better than the 00:11:47.839 --> 00:11:50.150 align:start position:0% appears to be much much better than the existing<00:11:48.200> covid-19<00:11:48.839> vaccines<00:11:49.720> so<00:11:49.920> what<00:11:50.040> that 00:11:50.150 --> 00:11:50.160 align:start position:0% existing covid-19 vaccines so what that 00:11:50.160 --> 00:11:52.190 align:start position:0% existing covid-19 vaccines so what that means<00:11:50.440> is<00:11:50.680> I<00:11:50.800> can<00:11:51.000> take<00:11:51.240> 10x<00:11:51.800> the<00:11:51.920> number<00:11:52.079> of 00:11:52.190 --> 00:11:52.200 align:start position:0% means is I can take 10x the number of 00:11:52.200 --> 00:11:54.230 align:start position:0% means is I can take 10x the number of shots<00:11:52.519> on<00:11:52.720> goal<00:11:53.279> for<00:11:53.480> the<00:11:53.639> same<00:11:53.880> amount<00:11:54.120> of 00:11:54.230 --> 00:11:54.240 align:start position:0% shots on goal for the same amount of 00:11:54.240 --> 00:11:56.310 align:start position:0% shots on goal for the same amount of funding<00:11:54.880> as<00:11:55.000> a<00:11:55.160> company<00:11:55.480> in<00:11:55.680> Boston<00:11:56.000> or<00:11:56.160> San 00:11:56.310 --> 00:11:56.320 align:start position:0% funding as a company in Boston or San 00:11:56.320 --> 00:11:58.190 align:start position:0% funding as a company in Boston or San Francisco<00:11:56.720> and<00:11:56.880> potentially<00:11:57.279> save<00:11:57.600> 10x<00:11:58.079> the 00:11:58.190 --> 00:11:58.200 align:start position:0% Francisco and potentially save 10x the 00:11:58.200 --> 00:12:00.030 align:start position:0% Francisco and potentially save 10x the number<00:11:58.399> of<00:11:58.519> lives<00:11:58.720> in<00:11:58.839> the<00:11:58.920> long<00:11:59.360> run<00:11:59.800> right<00:11:59.920> if 00:12:00.030 --> 00:12:00.040 align:start position:0% number of lives in the long run right if 00:12:00.040 --> 00:12:02.389 align:start position:0% number of lives in the long run right if somebody<00:12:00.279> gives<00:12:00.480> me<00:12:00.519> $300<00:12:00.920> million<00:12:01.920> a<00:12:02.079> company 00:12:02.389 --> 00:12:02.399 align:start position:0% somebody gives me $300 million a company 00:12:02.399 --> 00:12:03.949 align:start position:0% somebody gives me $300 million a company in<00:12:02.560> Boston<00:12:03.000> and<00:12:03.120> this<00:12:03.240> is<00:12:03.320> all<00:12:03.519> based<00:12:03.720> on<00:12:03.839> a 00:12:03.949 --> 00:12:03.959 align:start position:0% in Boston and this is all based on a 00:12:03.959 --> 00:12:06.069 align:start position:0% in Boston and this is all based on a real<00:12:04.320> comparison<00:12:04.880> with<00:12:05.079> a<00:12:05.560> uh<00:12:05.680> you<00:12:05.760> know<00:12:05.920> with 00:12:06.069 --> 00:12:06.079 align:start position:0% real comparison with a uh you know with 00:12:06.079 --> 00:12:07.670 align:start position:0% real comparison with a uh you know with a<00:12:06.360> a<00:12:06.480> biotech<00:12:06.880> company<00:12:07.160> that's<00:12:07.320> developing 00:12:07.670 --> 00:12:07.680 align:start position:0% a a biotech company that's developing 00:12:07.680 --> 00:12:09.870 align:start position:0% a a biotech company that's developing vaccines<00:12:08.000> and<00:12:08.160> doing<00:12:08.360> quite<00:12:08.560> well<00:12:08.760> doing<00:12:09.000> so 00:12:09.870 --> 00:12:09.880 align:start position:0% vaccines and doing quite well doing so 00:12:09.880 --> 00:12:12.430 align:start position:0% vaccines and doing quite well doing so uh<00:12:10.120> you<00:12:10.240> know<00:12:10.440> they<00:12:10.600> might<00:12:10.880> take<00:12:11.680> uh<00:12:12.000> one 00:12:12.430 --> 00:12:12.440 align:start position:0% uh you know they might take uh one 00:12:12.440 --> 00:12:13.910 align:start position:0% uh you know they might take uh one candidate<00:12:12.880> to<00:12:13.079> a<00:12:13.279> through<00:12:13.440> a<00:12:13.560> phase<00:12:13.760> one 00:12:13.910 --> 00:12:13.920 align:start position:0% candidate to a through a phase one 00:12:13.920 --> 00:12:15.949 align:start position:0% candidate to a through a phase one clinical<00:12:14.320> trial<00:12:14.959> and<00:12:15.199> be<00:12:15.360> getting<00:12:15.600> ready<00:12:15.839> for 00:12:15.949 --> 00:12:15.959 align:start position:0% clinical trial and be getting ready for 00:12:15.959 --> 00:12:17.550 align:start position:0% clinical trial and be getting ready for a<00:12:16.120> phase<00:12:16.360> two<00:12:16.519> clinical<00:12:16.839> trial<00:12:17.120> with<00:12:17.240> a<00:12:17.360> new 00:12:17.550 --> 00:12:17.560 align:start position:0% a phase two clinical trial with a new 00:12:17.560 --> 00:12:19.350 align:start position:0% a phase two clinical trial with a new platform<00:12:18.240> for<00:12:18.440> us<00:12:18.600> we've<00:12:18.800> been<00:12:18.920> able<00:12:19.079> to<00:12:19.160> build 00:12:19.350 --> 00:12:19.360 align:start position:0% platform for us we've been able to build 00:12:19.360 --> 00:12:21.069 align:start position:0% platform for us we've been able to build a<00:12:19.480> new<00:12:19.680> platform<00:12:20.279> and<00:12:20.440> with<00:12:20.600> that<00:12:20.760> amount<00:12:20.959> of 00:12:21.069 --> 00:12:21.079 align:start position:0% a new platform and with that amount of 00:12:21.079 --> 00:12:23.269 align:start position:0% a new platform and with that amount of money<00:12:21.320> with<00:12:21.399> $300<00:12:21.839> million<00:12:22.720> we<00:12:22.839> would<00:12:22.959> be<00:12:23.079> able 00:12:23.269 --> 00:12:23.279 align:start position:0% money with $300 million we would be able 00:12:23.279 --> 00:12:25.110 align:start position:0% money with $300 million we would be able to<00:12:23.399> take<00:12:23.560> 10<00:12:23.800> new<00:12:24.040> candidates<00:12:24.440> to<00:12:24.600> phase<00:12:24.839> 1<00:12:25.000> and 00:12:25.110 --> 00:12:25.120 align:start position:0% to take 10 new candidates to phase 1 and 00:12:25.120 --> 00:12:26.870 align:start position:0% to take 10 new candidates to phase 1 and two<00:12:25.600> and<00:12:25.800> potentially<00:12:26.199> bring<00:12:26.480> multiple 00:12:26.870 --> 00:12:26.880 align:start position:0% two and potentially bring multiple 00:12:26.880 --> 00:12:28.790 align:start position:0% two and potentially bring multiple products<00:12:27.199> to<00:12:27.320> lure<00:12:28.160> and<00:12:28.320> again<00:12:28.519> you<00:12:28.600> know<00:12:28.720> in 00:12:28.790 --> 00:12:28.800 align:start position:0% products to lure and again you know in 00:12:28.800 --> 00:12:30.509 align:start position:0% products to lure and again you know in the<00:12:28.920> long<00:12:29.279> run<00:12:29.480> that<00:12:29.600> saves<00:12:29.839> a<00:12:30.000> lot<00:12:30.120> of<00:12:30.240> lives 00:12:30.509 --> 00:12:30.519 align:start position:0% the long run that saves a lot of lives 00:12:30.519 --> 00:12:32.350 align:start position:0% the long run that saves a lot of lives right<00:12:30.680> because<00:12:30.920> every<00:12:31.160> year<00:12:31.440> we<00:12:31.639> wait<00:12:32.160> to 00:12:32.350 --> 00:12:32.360 align:start position:0% right because every year we wait to 00:12:32.360 --> 00:12:33.910 align:start position:0% right because every year we wait to develop<00:12:32.760> these<00:12:32.959> vaccines<00:12:33.440> millions<00:12:33.760> of 00:12:33.910 --> 00:12:33.920 align:start position:0% develop these vaccines millions of 00:12:33.920 --> 00:12:35.670 align:start position:0% develop these vaccines millions of people<00:12:34.120> are 00:12:35.670 --> 00:12:35.680 align:start position:0% people are 00:12:35.680 --> 00:12:38.389 align:start position:0% people are dying<00:12:36.680> um<00:12:36.959> another<00:12:37.360> key<00:12:37.560> piece<00:12:37.760> of<00:12:37.920> this<00:12:38.079> is 00:12:38.389 --> 00:12:38.399 align:start position:0% dying um another key piece of this is 00:12:38.399 --> 00:12:40.110 align:start position:0% dying um another key piece of this is that<00:12:38.560> we've<00:12:38.800> built<00:12:39.079> our<00:12:39.279> own<00:12:39.639> GMP 00:12:40.110 --> 00:12:40.120 align:start position:0% that we've built our own GMP 00:12:40.120 --> 00:12:41.509 align:start position:0% that we've built our own GMP manufacturing<00:12:40.720> facility<00:12:41.120> so<00:12:41.279> what<00:12:41.399> that 00:12:41.509 --> 00:12:41.519 align:start position:0% manufacturing facility so what that 00:12:41.519 --> 00:12:43.350 align:start position:0% manufacturing facility so what that means<00:12:41.800> is<00:12:42.320> uh<00:12:42.440> we<00:12:42.600> have<00:12:42.760> the<00:12:42.880> ability<00:12:43.160> within 00:12:43.350 --> 00:12:43.360 align:start position:0% means is uh we have the ability within 00:12:43.360 --> 00:12:46.590 align:start position:0% means is uh we have the ability within our<00:12:43.560> own<00:12:43.839> facility<00:12:44.639> to<00:12:44.839> make<00:12:45.199> clinical<00:12:45.600> doses 00:12:46.590 --> 00:12:46.600 align:start position:0% our own facility to make clinical doses 00:12:46.600 --> 00:12:48.870 align:start position:0% our own facility to make clinical doses uh<00:12:46.720> in<00:12:46.800> a<00:12:46.959> way<00:12:47.160> that's<00:12:47.480> safe<00:12:48.040> to<00:12:48.279> inject<00:12:48.639> in 00:12:48.870 --> 00:12:48.880 align:start position:0% uh in a way that's safe to inject in 00:12:48.880 --> 00:12:51.470 align:start position:0% uh in a way that's safe to inject in humans<00:12:49.760> uh<00:12:49.959> such<00:12:50.279> that<00:12:50.560> we<00:12:50.720> can<00:12:50.920> very<00:12:51.160> quickly 00:12:51.470 --> 00:12:51.480 align:start position:0% humans uh such that we can very quickly 00:12:51.480 --> 00:12:52.910 align:start position:0% humans uh such that we can very quickly take<00:12:51.680> these<00:12:51.839> new<00:12:52.040> candidates<00:12:52.480> and<00:12:52.600> Advance 00:12:52.910 --> 00:12:52.920 align:start position:0% take these new candidates and Advance 00:12:52.920 --> 00:12:54.550 align:start position:0% take these new candidates and Advance them<00:12:53.040> to<00:12:53.199> clinical<00:12:53.560> studies<00:12:54.120> and<00:12:54.240> here<00:12:54.360> I'll 00:12:54.550 --> 00:12:54.560 align:start position:0% them to clinical studies and here I'll 00:12:54.560 --> 00:12:55.949 align:start position:0% them to clinical studies and here I'll reference<00:12:54.920> what<00:12:55.040> Philip<00:12:55.360> was<00:12:55.519> talking<00:12:55.760> about 00:12:55.949 --> 00:12:55.959 align:start position:0% reference what Philip was talking about 00:12:55.959 --> 00:12:58.470 align:start position:0% reference what Philip was talking about a<00:12:56.079> little<00:12:56.279> bit<00:12:56.600> right<00:12:57.199> I<00:12:57.320> think<00:12:57.639> it's<00:12:58.040> critical 00:12:58.470 --> 00:12:58.480 align:start position:0% a little bit right I think it's critical 00:12:58.480 --> 00:12:59.949 align:start position:0% a little bit right I think it's critical to<00:12:58.680> ensure 00:12:59.949 --> 00:12:59.959 align:start position:0% to ensure 00:12:59.959 --> 00:13:03.310 align:start position:0% to ensure uh<00:13:00.279> that<00:13:00.760> we<00:13:00.959> build<00:13:01.279> a<00:13:01.560> process<00:13:02.160> that<00:13:02.320> is<00:13:02.959> not 00:13:03.310 --> 00:13:03.320 align:start position:0% uh that we build a process that is not 00:13:03.320 --> 00:13:05.910 align:start position:0% uh that we build a process that is not only<00:13:04.320> uh<00:13:04.399> you<00:13:04.519> know<00:13:04.720> safe<00:13:05.120> by<00:13:05.279> the<00:13:05.440> standards 00:13:05.910 --> 00:13:05.920 align:start position:0% only uh you know safe by the standards 00:13:05.920 --> 00:13:08.069 align:start position:0% only uh you know safe by the standards of<00:13:06.160> existing<00:13:06.560> regulatory<00:13:07.000> Norms<00:13:07.720> but<00:13:07.880> is 00:13:08.069 --> 00:13:08.079 align:start position:0% of existing regulatory Norms but is 00:13:08.079 --> 00:13:10.150 align:start position:0% of existing regulatory Norms but is legible<00:13:08.639> enough<00:13:09.000> and<00:13:09.120> is<00:13:09.600> understandable<00:13:10.040> by 00:13:10.150 --> 00:13:10.160 align:start position:0% legible enough and is understandable by 00:13:10.160 --> 00:13:12.150 align:start position:0% legible enough and is understandable by the<00:13:10.279> general<00:13:10.680> public<00:13:11.279> that<00:13:11.440> they<00:13:11.600> trust<00:13:12.000> what 00:13:12.150 --> 00:13:12.160 align:start position:0% the general public that they trust what 00:13:12.160 --> 00:13:15.509 align:start position:0% the general public that they trust what comes<00:13:12.360> out<00:13:12.519> of<00:13:12.639> our<00:13:12.880> work<00:13:13.600> right 00:13:15.509 --> 00:13:15.519 align:start position:0% comes out of our work right 00:13:15.519 --> 00:13:18.750 align:start position:0% comes out of our work right um<00:13:16.519> and<00:13:16.639> so<00:13:16.959> the<00:13:17.079> good<00:13:17.279> news<00:13:17.600> here<00:13:17.839> is<00:13:18.360> and<00:13:18.639> in 00:13:18.750 --> 00:13:18.760 align:start position:0% um and so the good news here is and in 00:13:18.760 --> 00:13:20.150 align:start position:0% um and so the good news here is and in fact<00:13:18.880> I'll<00:13:19.000> be<00:13:19.240> I'm<00:13:19.360> announcing<00:13:19.720> this<00:13:19.839> today 00:13:20.150 --> 00:13:20.160 align:start position:0% fact I'll be I'm announcing this today 00:13:20.160 --> 00:13:21.790 align:start position:0% fact I'll be I'm announcing this today we<00:13:20.279> just<00:13:20.440> announced<00:13:20.839> it<00:13:21.040> via<00:13:21.240> press<00:13:21.440> release 00:13:21.790 --> 00:13:21.800 align:start position:0% we just announced it via press release 00:13:21.800 --> 00:13:23.870 align:start position:0% we just announced it via press release this<00:13:21.920> morning<00:13:22.600> is<00:13:22.800> that<00:13:23.000> NAD<00:13:23.519> which<00:13:23.639> is<00:13:23.760> part 00:13:23.870 --> 00:13:23.880 align:start position:0% this morning is that NAD which is part 00:13:23.880 --> 00:13:25.710 align:start position:0% this morning is that NAD which is part of<00:13:24.000> the<00:13:24.160> US<00:13:24.440> National<00:13:24.760> Institutes<00:13:25.240> of<00:13:25.399> Health 00:13:25.710 --> 00:13:25.720 align:start position:0% of the US National Institutes of Health 00:13:25.720 --> 00:13:26.870 align:start position:0% of the US National Institutes of Health has<00:13:25.839> selected<00:13:26.160> our<00:13:26.320> next<00:13:26.519> Generation 00:13:26.870 --> 00:13:26.880 align:start position:0% has selected our next Generation 00:13:26.880 --> 00:13:28.910 align:start position:0% has selected our next Generation covid-19<00:13:27.480> vaccine<00:13:28.320> as<00:13:28.440> part<00:13:28.600> of<00:13:28.680> the<00:13:28.760> US 00:13:28.910 --> 00:13:28.920 align:start position:0% covid-19 vaccine as part of the US 00:13:28.920 --> 00:13:30.670 align:start position:0% covid-19 vaccine as part of the US government<00:13:29.120> governs<00:13:29.399> project<00:13:29.639> NextGen<00:13:30.360> for<00:13:30.519> a 00:13:30.670 --> 00:13:30.680 align:start position:0% government governs project NextGen for a 00:13:30.680 --> 00:13:32.350 align:start position:0% government governs project NextGen for a phase<00:13:30.920> one<00:13:31.160> trial<00:13:31.560> which<00:13:31.680> will<00:13:31.880> happen<00:13:32.120> in<00:13:32.240> the 00:13:32.350 --> 00:13:32.360 align:start position:0% phase one trial which will happen in the 00:13:32.360 --> 00:13:34.389 align:start position:0% phase one trial which will happen in the US<00:13:32.639> early<00:13:32.959> next<00:13:33.160> year<00:13:33.399> which<00:13:33.519> to<00:13:33.680> my<00:13:33.839> knowledge 00:13:34.389 --> 00:13:34.399 align:start position:0% US early next year which to my knowledge 00:13:34.399 --> 00:13:36.189 align:start position:0% US early next year which to my knowledge is<00:13:34.560> one<00:13:34.680> of<00:13:34.800> the<00:13:34.959> first<00:13:35.399> clinical<00:13:35.760> trials<00:13:36.079> of 00:13:36.189 --> 00:13:36.199 align:start position:0% is one of the first clinical trials of 00:13:36.199 --> 00:13:38.069 align:start position:0% is one of the first clinical trials of an<00:13:36.279> Indian<00:13:36.600> design<00:13:36.920> vaccine<00:13:37.320> in<00:13:37.440> the<00:13:37.560> US<00:13:37.959> in 00:13:38.069 --> 00:13:38.079 align:start position:0% an Indian design vaccine in the US in 00:13:38.079 --> 00:13:40.470 align:start position:0% an Indian design vaccine in the US in fact<00:13:38.240> no<00:13:38.440> Indian<00:13:38.839> vaccine<00:13:39.519> or<00:13:39.720> Indian<00:13:40.040> design 00:13:40.470 --> 00:13:40.480 align:start position:0% fact no Indian vaccine or Indian design 00:13:40.480 --> 00:13:42.910 align:start position:0% fact no Indian vaccine or Indian design vaccine<00:13:41.399> uh<00:13:41.639> has<00:13:42.079> ever<00:13:42.279> been<00:13:42.440> approved<00:13:42.760> in<00:13:42.839> the 00:13:42.910 --> 00:13:42.920 align:start position:0% vaccine uh has ever been approved in the 00:13:42.920 --> 00:13:44.509 align:start position:0% vaccine uh has ever been approved in the US<00:13:43.199> no<00:13:43.320> Indian<00:13:43.600> company's<00:13:44.000> vaccine<00:13:44.279> has<00:13:44.399> ever 00:13:44.509 --> 00:13:44.519 align:start position:0% US no Indian company's vaccine has ever 00:13:44.519 --> 00:13:45.870 align:start position:0% US no Indian company's vaccine has ever been<00:13:44.639> approved<00:13:44.920> in<00:13:45.000> the<00:13:45.079> US<00:13:45.600> and<00:13:45.720> Our 00:13:45.870 --> 00:13:45.880 align:start position:0% been approved in the US and Our 00:13:45.880 --> 00:13:47.629 align:start position:0% been approved in the US and Our intention<00:13:46.320> is<00:13:46.480> to<00:13:46.760> to<00:13:46.880> have<00:13:47.040> our<00:13:47.199> vaccines 00:13:47.629 --> 00:13:47.639 align:start position:0% intention is to to have our vaccines 00:13:47.639 --> 00:13:49.790 align:start position:0% intention is to to have our vaccines available<00:13:48.120> all<00:13:48.279> over<00:13:48.480> the<00:13:48.600> world<00:13:49.320> right<00:13:49.519> not 00:13:49.790 --> 00:13:49.800 align:start position:0% available all over the world right not 00:13:49.800 --> 00:13:51.670 align:start position:0% available all over the world right not just<00:13:50.000> in<00:13:50.320> rich<00:13:50.560> countries<00:13:50.959> not<00:13:51.120> just<00:13:51.279> in<00:13:51.440> poor 00:13:51.670 --> 00:13:51.680 align:start position:0% just in rich countries not just in poor 00:13:51.680 --> 00:13:54.069 align:start position:0% just in rich countries not just in poor countries<00:13:52.079> but<00:13:52.240> but<00:13:52.320> to<00:13:52.600> everybody<00:13:53.600> um<00:13:53.880> and<00:13:53.959> so 00:13:54.069 --> 00:13:54.079 align:start position:0% countries but but to everybody um and so 00:13:54.079 --> 00:13:55.189 align:start position:0% countries but but to everybody um and so this<00:13:54.160> is<00:13:54.279> very<00:13:54.399> exciting<00:13:54.720> news<00:13:54.959> because<00:13:55.120> I 00:13:55.189 --> 00:13:55.199 align:start position:0% this is very exciting news because I 00:13:55.199 --> 00:13:57.110 align:start position:0% this is very exciting news because I think<00:13:55.360> what<00:13:55.440> this<00:13:55.560> means<00:13:55.759> is<00:13:55.920> our<00:13:56.199> approach<00:13:57.000> uh 00:13:57.110 --> 00:13:57.120 align:start position:0% think what this means is our approach uh 00:13:57.120 --> 00:13:58.509 align:start position:0% think what this means is our approach uh which<00:13:57.279> as<00:13:57.360> I<00:13:57.480> said<00:13:57.720> up<00:13:57.920> top<00:13:58.079> is<00:13:58.160> an<00:13:58.240> approach 00:13:58.509 --> 00:13:58.519 align:start position:0% which as I said up top is an approach 00:13:58.519 --> 00:13:59.990 align:start position:0% which as I said up top is an approach that<00:13:58.680> at<00:13:58.759> the<00:13:58.800> beginning<00:13:59.199> nobody<00:13:59.480> supported 00:13:59.990 --> 00:14:00.000 align:start position:0% that at the beginning nobody supported 00:14:00.000 --> 00:14:00.990 align:start position:0% that at the beginning nobody supported right<00:14:00.120> nobody<00:14:00.360> believed<00:14:00.639> that<00:14:00.720> we<00:14:00.800> had<00:14:00.920> the 00:14:00.990 --> 00:14:01.000 align:start position:0% right nobody believed that we had the 00:14:01.000 --> 00:14:02.790 align:start position:0% right nobody believed that we had the talent<00:14:01.279> India<00:14:01.560> to<00:14:01.639> do<00:14:01.839> this<00:14:02.279> nobody<00:14:02.600> was 00:14:02.790 --> 00:14:02.800 align:start position:0% talent India to do this nobody was 00:14:02.800 --> 00:14:04.470 align:start position:0% talent India to do this nobody was certain<00:14:03.279> you<00:14:03.360> know<00:14:03.519> or<00:14:03.880> people<00:14:04.079> in<00:14:04.199> fact<00:14:04.320> were 00:14:04.470 --> 00:14:04.480 align:start position:0% certain you know or people in fact were 00:14:04.480 --> 00:14:05.550 align:start position:0% certain you know or people in fact were quite<00:14:04.639> certain<00:14:04.880> that<00:14:04.959> we<00:14:05.079> wouldn't<00:14:05.279> be<00:14:05.399> able 00:14:05.550 --> 00:14:05.560 align:start position:0% quite certain that we wouldn't be able 00:14:05.560 --> 00:14:07.670 align:start position:0% quite certain that we wouldn't be able to<00:14:05.680> do<00:14:05.839> this<00:14:06.120> right<00:14:06.680> and<00:14:06.800> it<00:14:06.920> took<00:14:07.279> an<00:14:07.440> early 00:14:07.670 --> 00:14:07.680 align:start position:0% to do this right and it took an early 00:14:07.680 --> 00:14:09.269 align:start position:0% to do this right and it took an early bet<00:14:07.920> from<00:14:08.079> Gates<00:14:08.360> and<00:14:08.519> a<00:14:08.639> substantial<00:14:09.079> bet 00:14:09.269 --> 00:14:09.279 align:start position:0% bet from Gates and a substantial bet 00:14:09.279 --> 00:14:11.269 align:start position:0% bet from Gates and a substantial bet from<00:14:09.399> vitalik<00:14:09.839> and<00:14:10.000> his<00:14:10.160> team<00:14:10.720> to<00:14:10.920> support 00:14:11.269 --> 00:14:11.279 align:start position:0% from vitalik and his team to support 00:14:11.279 --> 00:14:13.230 align:start position:0% from vitalik and his team to support this<00:14:11.519> has<00:14:11.680> now<00:14:11.920> been<00:14:12.279> essentially<00:14:12.720> co-signed 00:14:13.230 --> 00:14:13.240 align:start position:0% this has now been essentially co-signed 00:14:13.240 --> 00:14:14.310 align:start position:0% this has now been essentially co-signed by<00:14:13.360> one<00:14:13.480> of<00:14:13.560> the<00:14:13.680> most<00:14:13.880> credible 00:14:14.310 --> 00:14:14.320 align:start position:0% by one of the most credible 00:14:14.320 --> 00:14:16.590 align:start position:0% by one of the most credible organizations<00:14:14.880> in<00:14:15.079> public<00:14:15.360> has<00:14:15.680> right<00:14:15.800> so<00:14:16.120> NAD 00:14:16.590 --> 00:14:16.600 align:start position:0% organizations in public has right so NAD 00:14:16.600 --> 00:14:18.470 align:start position:0% organizations in public has right so NAD thinks<00:14:16.800> that<00:14:16.959> this<00:14:17.160> vaccine<00:14:17.480> works<00:14:17.759> very<00:14:17.920> well 00:14:18.470 --> 00:14:18.480 align:start position:0% thinks that this vaccine works very well 00:14:18.480 --> 00:14:19.949 align:start position:0% thinks that this vaccine works very well um<00:14:18.839> at<00:14:18.920> least<00:14:19.079> pre-clinically<00:14:19.759> and<00:14:19.880> they 00:14:19.949 --> 00:14:19.959 align:start position:0% um at least pre-clinically and they 00:14:19.959 --> 00:14:23.389 align:start position:0% um at least pre-clinically and they think<00:14:20.120> it's<00:14:20.279> worth<00:14:20.519> evaluating<00:14:21.279> in<00:14:21.480> in 00:14:23.389 --> 00:14:23.399 align:start position:0% think it's worth evaluating in in 00:14:23.399 --> 00:14:25.870 align:start position:0% think it's worth evaluating in in humans<00:14:24.399> uh<00:14:24.560> the<00:14:24.680> covid<00:14:25.000> vaccines<00:14:25.519> have<00:14:25.759> you 00:14:25.870 --> 00:14:25.880 align:start position:0% humans uh the covid vaccines have you 00:14:25.880 --> 00:14:27.790 align:start position:0% humans uh the covid vaccines have you know<00:14:26.199> have<00:14:26.320> been<00:14:26.519> somewhat<00:14:26.839> maligned<00:14:27.440> but 00:14:27.790 --> 00:14:27.800 align:start position:0% know have been somewhat maligned but 00:14:27.800 --> 00:14:29.710 align:start position:0% know have been somewhat maligned but best<00:14:28.079> estimates<00:14:28.480> suggest<00:14:28.800> they<00:14:29.120> saved<00:14:29.480> tens 00:14:29.710 --> 00:14:29.720 align:start position:0% best estimates suggest they saved tens 00:14:29.720 --> 00:14:31.189 align:start position:0% best estimates suggest they saved tens of<00:14:29.839> millions<00:14:30.160> of<00:14:30.320> lives<00:14:30.600> we<00:14:30.680> can<00:14:30.839> quibble 00:14:31.189 --> 00:14:31.199 align:start position:0% of millions of lives we can quibble 00:14:31.199 --> 00:14:32.790 align:start position:0% of millions of lives we can quibble about<00:14:31.399> specific<00:14:31.759> numbers<00:14:32.160> but<00:14:32.279> it's<00:14:32.600> it's 00:14:32.790 --> 00:14:32.800 align:start position:0% about specific numbers but it's it's 00:14:32.800 --> 00:14:34.550 align:start position:0% about specific numbers but it's it's likely<00:14:33.079> a<00:14:33.199> very<00:14:33.399> large<00:14:33.720> number<00:14:34.079> right<00:14:34.399> but 00:14:34.550 --> 00:14:34.560 align:start position:0% likely a very large number right but 00:14:34.560 --> 00:14:36.350 align:start position:0% likely a very large number right but again<00:14:34.720> as<00:14:34.880> Philip<00:14:35.160> was<00:14:35.320> talking<00:14:35.639> about 00:14:36.350 --> 00:14:36.360 align:start position:0% again as Philip was talking about 00:14:36.360 --> 00:14:37.670 align:start position:0% again as Philip was talking about there's<00:14:36.639> been<00:14:36.959> there<00:14:37.120> been<00:14:37.240> a<00:14:37.320> lot<00:14:37.440> of 00:14:37.670 --> 00:14:37.680 align:start position:0% there's been there been a lot of 00:14:37.680 --> 00:14:40.269 align:start position:0% there's been there been a lot of questions<00:14:38.480> about<00:14:39.320> whether<00:14:39.680> the<00:14:39.920> process 00:14:40.269 --> 00:14:40.279 align:start position:0% questions about whether the process 00:14:40.279 --> 00:14:42.990 align:start position:0% questions about whether the process followed<00:14:40.680> and<00:14:40.839> approving<00:14:41.320> these<00:14:41.759> vaccines<00:14:42.759> um 00:14:42.990 --> 00:14:43.000 align:start position:0% followed and approving these vaccines um 00:14:43.000 --> 00:14:44.350 align:start position:0% followed and approving these vaccines um you<00:14:43.120> know<00:14:43.360> were<00:14:43.680> processes<00:14:44.120> that<00:14:44.199> are 00:14:44.350 --> 00:14:44.360 align:start position:0% you know were processes that are 00:14:44.360 --> 00:14:46.509 align:start position:0% you know were processes that are appropriate<00:14:44.800> for<00:14:45.000> human<00:14:45.320> health<00:14:46.040> um<00:14:46.240> and<00:14:46.360> at 00:14:46.509 --> 00:14:46.519 align:start position:0% appropriate for human health um and at 00:14:46.519 --> 00:14:48.310 align:start position:0% appropriate for human health um and at the<00:14:46.639> same<00:14:46.920> time<00:14:47.279> you<00:14:47.399> know<00:14:47.560> on<00:14:47.720> the<00:14:47.880> other<00:14:48.160> side 00:14:48.310 --> 00:14:48.320 align:start position:0% the same time you know on the other side 00:14:48.320 --> 00:14:50.350 align:start position:0% the same time you know on the other side of<00:14:48.399> the<00:14:48.560> coin<00:14:49.199> the<00:14:49.360> reality<00:14:49.759> is<00:14:49.880> that<00:14:50.040> a<00:14:50.120> lot<00:14:50.279> of 00:14:50.350 --> 00:14:50.360 align:start position:0% of the coin the reality is that a lot of 00:14:50.360 --> 00:14:51.710 align:start position:0% of the coin the reality is that a lot of people<00:14:50.560> who<00:14:50.720> wanted<00:14:51.040> these<00:14:51.240> vaccines<00:14:51.600> in 00:14:51.710 --> 00:14:51.720 align:start position:0% people who wanted these vaccines in 00:14:51.720 --> 00:14:53.990 align:start position:0% people who wanted these vaccines in developing<00:14:52.160> countries<00:14:52.680> didn't<00:14:53.000> get<00:14:53.240> them<00:14:53.880> uh 00:14:53.990 --> 00:14:54.000 align:start position:0% developing countries didn't get them uh 00:14:54.000 --> 00:14:55.670 align:start position:0% developing countries didn't get them uh because<00:14:54.320> fizer<00:14:54.680> and<00:14:54.839> Mna<00:14:55.240> were<00:14:55.399> not<00:14:55.560> that 00:14:55.670 --> 00:14:55.680 align:start position:0% because fizer and Mna were not that 00:14:55.680 --> 00:14:57.069 align:start position:0% because fizer and Mna were not that interested<00:14:56.000> in<00:14:56.120> selling<00:14:56.399> their<00:14:56.560> vaccines<00:14:56.920> at 00:14:57.069 --> 00:14:57.079 align:start position:0% interested in selling their vaccines at 00:14:57.079 --> 00:14:59.829 align:start position:0% interested in selling their vaccines at knockdown<00:14:57.600> prices<00:14:58.199> in<00:14:58.360> poor<00:14:58.560> countries<00:14:59.160> right 00:14:59.829 --> 00:14:59.839 align:start position:0% knockdown prices in poor countries right 00:14:59.839 --> 00:15:01.870 align:start position:0% knockdown prices in poor countries right um<00:15:00.160> and<00:15:00.279> so<00:15:00.600> what<00:15:00.880> what<00:15:01.040> we've<00:15:01.279> done<00:15:01.519> is<00:15:01.680> we've 00:15:01.870 --> 00:15:01.880 align:start position:0% um and so what what we've done is we've 00:15:01.880 --> 00:15:03.990 align:start position:0% um and so what what we've done is we've worked<00:15:02.120> with<00:15:02.240> Bal<00:15:02.560> to<00:15:02.680> come<00:15:02.800> up<00:15:02.880> with<00:15:03.000> a<00:15:03.120> model 00:15:03.990 --> 00:15:04.000 align:start position:0% worked with Bal to come up with a model 00:15:04.000 --> 00:15:06.389 align:start position:0% worked with Bal to come up with a model um<00:15:04.399> where<00:15:05.000> we<00:15:05.160> will<00:15:05.320> be<00:15:05.480> open<00:15:05.800> sourcing<00:15:06.199> our 00:15:06.389 --> 00:15:06.399 align:start position:0% um where we will be open sourcing our 00:15:06.399 --> 00:15:08.269 align:start position:0% um where we will be open sourcing our covid-19<00:15:07.079> vaccine<00:15:07.680> we<00:15:07.800> will<00:15:07.959> not<00:15:08.120> be 00:15:08.269 --> 00:15:08.279 align:start position:0% covid-19 vaccine we will not be 00:15:08.279 --> 00:15:10.069 align:start position:0% covid-19 vaccine we will not be enforcing<00:15:08.800> our<00:15:09.000> intellectual<00:15:09.519> property<00:15:09.880> on 00:15:10.069 --> 00:15:10.079 align:start position:0% enforcing our intellectual property on 00:15:10.079 --> 00:15:12.389 align:start position:0% enforcing our intellectual property on that<00:15:10.320> vaccine<00:15:11.079> uh<00:15:11.160> for<00:15:11.320> a<00:15:11.440> number<00:15:11.639> of<00:15:11.839> years 00:15:12.389 --> 00:15:12.399 align:start position:0% that vaccine uh for a number of years 00:15:12.399 --> 00:15:14.110 align:start position:0% that vaccine uh for a number of years and<00:15:12.519> what<00:15:12.639> we'll<00:15:12.839> be<00:15:12.959> allowing<00:15:13.320> people<00:15:13.560> to<00:15:13.720> do 00:15:14.110 --> 00:15:14.120 align:start position:0% and what we'll be allowing people to do 00:15:14.120 --> 00:15:17.230 align:start position:0% and what we'll be allowing people to do is<00:15:14.279> to<00:15:14.639> verify<00:15:15.639> not<00:15:16.000> just<00:15:16.240> the<00:15:16.360> R&D<00:15:16.839> processes 00:15:17.230 --> 00:15:17.240 align:start position:0% is to verify not just the R&D processes 00:15:17.240 --> 00:15:18.990 align:start position:0% is to verify not just the R&D processes that<00:15:17.360> led<00:15:17.560> to<00:15:17.680> That<00:15:17.880> vaccine<00:15:18.480> but<00:15:18.639> also<00:15:18.839> the 00:15:18.990 --> 00:15:19.000 align:start position:0% that led to That vaccine but also the 00:15:19.000 --> 00:15:20.590 align:start position:0% that led to That vaccine but also the manufacturing<00:15:19.680> processes<00:15:20.279> so<00:15:20.440> that 00:15:20.590 --> 00:15:20.600 align:start position:0% manufacturing processes so that 00:15:20.600 --> 00:15:22.269 align:start position:0% manufacturing processes so that manufacturers<00:15:21.360> across<00:15:21.680> the<00:15:21.800> rest<00:15:22.000> of<00:15:22.120> the 00:15:22.269 --> 00:15:22.279 align:start position:0% manufacturers across the rest of the 00:15:22.279 --> 00:15:24.749 align:start position:0% manufacturers across the rest of the world<00:15:22.920> uh<00:15:23.160> can<00:15:23.320> not<00:15:23.480> only<00:15:23.839> make<00:15:24.320> copies<00:15:24.639> of 00:15:24.749 --> 00:15:24.759 align:start position:0% world uh can not only make copies of 00:15:24.759 --> 00:15:25.910 align:start position:0% world uh can not only make copies of this<00:15:24.959> vaccine<00:15:25.399> themselves<00:15:25.720> they<00:15:25.839> can 00:15:25.910 --> 00:15:25.920 align:start position:0% this vaccine themselves they can 00:15:25.920 --> 00:15:29.189 align:start position:0% this vaccine themselves they can distribute<00:15:26.320> at<00:15:26.480> low<00:15:26.720> cost<00:15:27.440> um<00:15:27.759> but<00:15:27.959> also<00:15:28.399> that 00:15:29.189 --> 00:15:29.199 align:start position:0% distribute at low cost um but also that 00:15:29.199 --> 00:15:30.710 align:start position:0% distribute at low cost um but also that people<00:15:29.440> can<00:15:29.959> understand<00:15:30.279> whether<00:15:30.519> the 00:15:30.710 --> 00:15:30.720 align:start position:0% people can understand whether the 00:15:30.720 --> 00:15:32.670 align:start position:0% people can understand whether the processes<00:15:31.560> that<00:15:31.680> we've<00:15:31.920> used<00:15:32.199> in<00:15:32.319> developing 00:15:32.670 --> 00:15:32.680 align:start position:0% processes that we've used in developing 00:15:32.680 --> 00:15:34.509 align:start position:0% processes that we've used in developing and<00:15:32.759> Manufacturing<00:15:33.360> this<00:15:33.519> vaccine<00:15:34.240> are 00:15:34.509 --> 00:15:34.519 align:start position:0% and Manufacturing this vaccine are 00:15:34.519 --> 00:15:35.910 align:start position:0% and Manufacturing this vaccine are compatible<00:15:35.040> with<00:15:35.199> what<00:15:35.279> we<00:15:35.399> say<00:15:35.560> out<00:15:35.720> in 00:15:35.910 --> 00:15:35.920 align:start position:0% compatible with what we say out in 00:15:35.920 --> 00:15:38.030 align:start position:0% compatible with what we say out in public<00:15:36.600> um<00:15:36.759> and<00:15:36.959> are<00:15:37.160> safe<00:15:37.399> for<00:15:37.600> them<00:15:37.880> right 00:15:38.030 --> 00:15:38.040 align:start position:0% public um and are safe for them right 00:15:38.040 --> 00:15:39.829 align:start position:0% public um and are safe for them right they<00:15:38.120> can<00:15:38.600> have<00:15:38.800> independent<00:15:39.319> scientists 00:15:39.829 --> 00:15:39.839 align:start position:0% they can have independent scientists 00:15:39.839 --> 00:15:41.870 align:start position:0% they can have independent scientists evaluate<00:15:40.319> these<00:15:40.519> processes<00:15:41.199> in<00:15:41.319> a<00:15:41.480> way<00:15:41.680> that 00:15:41.870 --> 00:15:41.880 align:start position:0% evaluate these processes in a way that 00:15:41.880 --> 00:15:43.550 align:start position:0% evaluate these processes in a way that existing<00:15:42.279> vaccine<00:15:42.639> companies<00:15:43.079> don't<00:15:43.319> make 00:15:43.550 --> 00:15:43.560 align:start position:0% existing vaccine companies don't make 00:15:43.560 --> 00:15:46.150 align:start position:0% existing vaccine companies don't make enough<00:15:43.839> information<00:15:44.279> available<00:15:44.680> to<00:15:44.800> do<00:15:45.759> um 00:15:46.150 --> 00:15:46.160 align:start position:0% enough information available to do um 00:15:46.160 --> 00:15:47.749 align:start position:0% enough information available to do um and<00:15:46.319> that's<00:15:46.519> something<00:15:46.800> that<00:15:46.920> we<00:15:47.040> can<00:15:47.240> do 00:15:47.749 --> 00:15:47.759 align:start position:0% and that's something that we can do 00:15:47.759 --> 00:15:50.069 align:start position:0% and that's something that we can do because<00:15:48.000> we<00:15:48.120> are<00:15:48.399> comfortable<00:15:48.959> releasing<00:15:49.800> far 00:15:50.069 --> 00:15:50.079 align:start position:0% because we are comfortable releasing far 00:15:50.079 --> 00:15:52.189 align:start position:0% because we are comfortable releasing far more<00:15:50.440> information<00:15:51.240> than<00:15:51.399> anybody<00:15:51.759> has<00:15:51.959> ever 00:15:52.189 --> 00:15:52.199 align:start position:0% more information than anybody has ever 00:15:52.199 --> 00:15:54.309 align:start position:0% more information than anybody has ever done<00:15:52.880> um<00:15:53.120> for<00:15:53.279> a<00:15:53.480> vaccine<00:15:53.800> development<00:15:54.199> or 00:15:54.309 --> 00:15:54.319 align:start position:0% done um for a vaccine development or 00:15:54.319 --> 00:15:56.949 align:start position:0% done um for a vaccine development or manufacturing<00:15:54.880> program<00:15:55.560> before<00:15:56.560> let<00:15:56.680> me<00:15:56.800> just 00:15:56.949 --> 00:15:56.959 align:start position:0% manufacturing program before let me just 00:15:56.959 --> 00:15:58.550 align:start position:0% manufacturing program before let me just briefly<00:15:57.319> talk<00:15:57.519> about<00:15:58.000> what<00:15:58.120> we<00:15:58.279> call<00:15:58.399> the 00:15:58.550 --> 00:15:58.560 align:start position:0% briefly talk about what we call the 00:15:58.560 --> 00:16:01.509 align:start position:0% briefly talk about what we call the popac<00:15:59.120> Million<00:15:59.399> Lives<00:15:59.839> Mission<00:16:00.839> uh<00:16:01.079> as<00:16:01.160> I<00:16:01.319> said 00:16:01.509 --> 00:16:01.519 align:start position:0% popac Million Lives Mission uh as I said 00:16:01.519 --> 00:16:02.829 align:start position:0% popac Million Lives Mission uh as I said there<00:16:01.600> are<00:16:01.720> these<00:16:01.880> three<00:16:02.120> pathogens<00:16:02.639> that 00:16:02.829 --> 00:16:02.839 align:start position:0% there are these three pathogens that 00:16:02.839 --> 00:16:05.030 align:start position:0% there are these three pathogens that collectively<00:16:03.440> kill<00:16:03.880> 1.8<00:16:04.399> million<00:16:04.759> plus 00:16:05.030 --> 00:16:05.040 align:start position:0% collectively kill 1.8 million plus 00:16:05.040 --> 00:16:07.629 align:start position:0% collectively kill 1.8 million plus people<00:16:05.360> per<00:16:05.560> year<00:16:06.319> um<00:16:06.720> we<00:16:06.959> want<00:16:07.079> to<00:16:07.199> develop 00:16:07.629 --> 00:16:07.639 align:start position:0% people per year um we want to develop 00:16:07.639 --> 00:16:09.430 align:start position:0% people per year um we want to develop effective<00:16:08.079> vaccines<00:16:08.560> against<00:16:08.880> all<00:16:09.079> three<00:16:09.279> of 00:16:09.430 --> 00:16:09.440 align:start position:0% effective vaccines against all three of 00:16:09.440 --> 00:16:11.069 align:start position:0% effective vaccines against all three of them<00:16:09.800> that<00:16:09.920> we<00:16:10.040> think<00:16:10.240> can<00:16:10.440> save<00:16:10.720> over<00:16:10.959> a 00:16:11.069 --> 00:16:11.079 align:start position:0% them that we think can save over a 00:16:11.079 --> 00:16:14.030 align:start position:0% them that we think can save over a million<00:16:11.440> lives<00:16:11.759> per<00:16:12.279> year<00:16:13.279> um<00:16:13.480> we<00:16:13.600> want<00:16:13.720> to<00:16:13.839> do 00:16:14.030 --> 00:16:14.040 align:start position:0% million lives per year um we want to do 00:16:14.040 --> 00:16:15.790 align:start position:0% million lives per year um we want to do this<00:16:14.199> using<00:16:14.440> a<00:16:14.600> new<00:16:14.800> sustainable<00:16:15.360> model<00:16:15.639> for 00:16:15.790 --> 00:16:15.800 align:start position:0% this using a new sustainable model for 00:16:15.800 --> 00:16:17.269 align:start position:0% this using a new sustainable model for funding<00:16:16.160> for<00:16:16.399> public<00:16:16.639> health<00:16:16.880> vaccines 00:16:17.269 --> 00:16:17.279 align:start position:0% funding for public health vaccines 00:16:17.279 --> 00:16:18.749 align:start position:0% funding for public health vaccines similar<00:16:17.600> to<00:16:17.720> what<00:16:17.839> we've<00:16:18.040> done<00:16:18.199> with<00:16:18.360> vitalik 00:16:18.749 --> 00:16:18.759 align:start position:0% similar to what we've done with vitalik 00:16:18.759 --> 00:16:21.350 align:start position:0% similar to what we've done with vitalik and<00:16:18.880> his<00:16:19.040> team<00:16:19.839> um<00:16:20.120> where<00:16:20.680> you<00:16:20.800> know<00:16:21.000> we<00:16:21.120> will 00:16:21.350 --> 00:16:21.360 align:start position:0% and his team um where you know we will 00:16:21.360 --> 00:16:23.030 align:start position:0% and his team um where you know we will provide<00:16:21.720> full<00:16:21.959> details<00:16:22.279> needed<00:16:22.560> for<00:16:22.680> vaccine 00:16:23.030 --> 00:16:23.040 align:start position:0% provide full details needed for vaccine 00:16:23.040 --> 00:16:24.749 align:start position:0% provide full details needed for vaccine verification<00:16:23.839> R&D<00:16:24.240> Improvement<00:16:24.600> and 00:16:24.749 --> 00:16:24.759 align:start position:0% verification R&D Improvement and 00:16:24.759 --> 00:16:26.910 align:start position:0% verification R&D Improvement and Manufacturing<00:16:25.319> openly<00:16:26.000> we'll<00:16:26.240> cap<00:16:26.560> profits 00:16:26.910 --> 00:16:26.920 align:start position:0% Manufacturing openly we'll cap profits 00:16:26.920 --> 00:16:29.509 align:start position:0% Manufacturing openly we'll cap profits in<00:16:27.240> developing<00:16:27.759> countries<00:16:28.560> and<00:16:29.000> allow<00:16:29.279> for 00:16:29.509 --> 00:16:29.519 align:start position:0% in developing countries and allow for 00:16:29.519 --> 00:16:31.309 align:start position:0% in developing countries and allow for open<00:16:29.800> licensing<00:16:30.240> on<00:16:30.440> transparent<00:16:30.880> terms<00:16:31.160> of 00:16:31.309 --> 00:16:31.319 align:start position:0% open licensing on transparent terms of 00:16:31.319 --> 00:16:33.629 align:start position:0% open licensing on transparent terms of of<00:16:31.440> this<00:16:31.560> intellectual<00:16:32.040> property<00:16:32.959> um<00:16:33.360> and<00:16:33.560> we 00:16:33.629 --> 00:16:33.639 align:start position:0% of this intellectual property um and we 00:16:33.639 --> 00:16:35.069 align:start position:0% of this intellectual property um and we will<00:16:33.839> have<00:16:34.000> uncapped<00:16:34.480> profits<00:16:34.720> in<00:16:34.839> rich 00:16:35.069 --> 00:16:35.079 align:start position:0% will have uncapped profits in rich 00:16:35.079 --> 00:16:36.629 align:start position:0% will have uncapped profits in rich countries<00:16:35.519> right<00:16:35.800> and<00:16:35.920> this<00:16:36.000> is<00:16:36.079> a<00:16:36.199> model<00:16:36.519> that 00:16:36.629 --> 00:16:36.639 align:start position:0% countries right and this is a model that 00:16:36.639 --> 00:16:38.670 align:start position:0% countries right and this is a model that you<00:16:36.759> know<00:16:36.959> that<00:16:37.120> we<00:16:37.240> want<00:16:37.399> to<00:16:37.600> advance<00:16:38.440> uh<00:16:38.560> that 00:16:38.670 --> 00:16:38.680 align:start position:0% you know that we want to advance uh that 00:16:38.680 --> 00:16:40.269 align:start position:0% you know that we want to advance uh that we<00:16:38.839> think<00:16:39.040> could<00:16:39.199> be<00:16:39.319> the<00:16:39.440> future<00:16:39.880> of<00:16:40.160> of 00:16:40.269 --> 00:16:40.279 align:start position:0% we think could be the future of of 00:16:40.279 --> 00:16:43.550 align:start position:0% we think could be the future of of sustainable<00:16:40.839> vaccine 00:16:43.550 --> 00:16:43.560 align:start position:0% 00:16:43.560 --> 00:16:45.990 align:start position:0% development<00:16:44.560> uh<00:16:44.800> yeah<00:16:45.160> I'm<00:16:45.440> I'm<00:16:45.600> happy<00:16:45.800> to 00:16:45.990 --> 00:16:46.000 align:start position:0% development uh yeah I'm I'm happy to 00:16:46.000 --> 00:16:47.389 align:start position:0% development uh yeah I'm I'm happy to take<00:16:46.120> your<00:16:46.319> questions<00:16:46.680> outside<00:16:47.040> and<00:16:47.199> please 00:16:47.389 --> 00:16:47.399 align:start position:0% take your questions outside and please 00:16:47.399 --> 00:16:48.309 align:start position:0% take your questions outside and please feel<00:16:47.560> free<00:16:47.720> to<00:16:47.800> email<00:16:48.040> me<00:16:48.120> if<00:16:48.199> you're 00:16:48.309 --> 00:16:48.319 align:start position:0% feel free to email me if you're 00:16:48.319 --> 00:16:49.910 align:start position:0% feel free to email me if you're interested<00:16:48.639> in<00:16:48.839> working<00:16:49.160> with<00:16:49.279> us<00:16:49.440> funding<00:16:49.759> us 00:16:49.910 --> 00:16:49.920 align:start position:0% interested in working with us funding us 00:16:49.920 --> 00:16:51.350 align:start position:0% interested in working with us funding us or<00:16:50.040> collaborating<00:16:50.480> with<00:16:50.600> us<00:16:50.800> thank<00:16:50.920> you<00:16:51.000> so 00:16:51.350 --> 00:16:51.360 align:start position:0% or collaborating with us thank you so 00:16:51.360 --> 00:16:56.040 align:start position:0% or collaborating with us thank you so much<00:16:52.360> thank<00:16:52.519> you<00:16:52.639> so<00:16:52.880> much<00:16:53.720> that<00:16:53.839> was